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An Introduction to “Amparo” Theory: a Complex Mexican Constitutional Control Mechanism

100%
León M.
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne studia nad prawem
|
2020
|
vol. 12
|
issue 2
190-208
PL
W artykule opisano działanie mechanizmu „amparo”, czyli meksykańskiej skargi o ochronę praw, będącej formą instrumentu kontroli konstytucyjnej. Rozwiązanie to wprowadzono do meksykańskiego prawa konstytucyjnego w 1847 r. Z czasem stało się ono niezwykle istotnym mechanizmem kontroli konstytucyjnej, wywierając ogromny wpływ na latynoamerykańskie prawo konstytucyjne, a także na systemy konstytucyjne innych państw, które wykształciły podobne mechanizmy. Artykuł stanowi swego rodzaju podsumowanie ewolucji historycznej, funkcjonowania i najważniejszych aspektów proceduralnych instytucji amparo konstytucyjnego.
EN
This article provides an outline as to the functioning of “Amparo,” a Mexican mechanism of constitutional control. From the time of its introduction to Mexican constitutionalism in 1847, it has established itself as a robust constitutional control mechanism and has profoundly influenced Latin American constitutionalism and other countries in establishing similar mechanisms. This paper provides a summary of its evolution, functioning, and main procedural aspects.
2

Nowa dyrektywa tytoniowa w świetle postanowień Konstytucji RP

48%
Gruszczyński Ł., Ziółkowski M.
Studia Prawnicze
|
2014
|
issue 1 (197)
73-111
EN
The article assesses the compatibility of the new Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) with the Polish Constitution. It concludes that although the Polish Constitutional Tribunal remains in principle competent to review acts of EU law (including directives if certain conditions are met), the scope of such a review is very limited and consists only of assessing whether EU institutions acted within scope of the competences transferred to them. The same holds true for domestic measures which merely implement directives. As a consequence, any review of the TPD provisions will be very restricted and can hardly lead to their inapplicability on the Polish territory. The article also assesses the compatibility with the Polish Constitution of the plain packaging requirement, which is not provided for, but only suggested by the TPD. In this context, it concludes that the Tribunal will be fully competent to review any national measure that introduces such a restriction. Although the outcome of such a review cannot be predicted with certainty, the article posits that there are good grounds to believe that the plain packaging requirement will be considered constitutional (i.e. in particular with respect to those provisions of the Constitution which protect property and freedom of economic activity).
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