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PL
General jurisprudence is a type of thinking about law and the social bond developed by British critical legal scholars. Returning to the classical concerns of (legal) philosophy, it examines the legal aspects of social reproduction both inside and outside state law, treating posited law as a part of wider legality. It brings back to the centre the aesthetic, ethical and material aspects of legality, as well as includes the political economy of law, the legal constructions of subjectivity and the ways in which gender, race or sexuality create forms of identity both disciplining bodies and offering sites of resistance. The British Critical Legal Conference (CLC) is a school of thought committed to a plurality of theoretical approaches to law and to radical politics. The first CLC took place in 1985 and has taken place annually without interruption since. The CLC has introduced a number of themes, approaches and strategies unknown or dismissed by mainstream scholarship, including semiotics, rhetoric, literature, aesthetics and psychoanalysis. A variety of critical schools, such as postmodernism, phenomenology, postcolonialism, critical race, feminism, queer theory, art theory and history, the ethics of otherness, the ontology of plural singularity, the critique of biopolitics and post–politics have been pioneered in the CLC.
PL
Tekst ma na celu rekonstrukcję i krytyczną polemikę z głównymi założeniami politycznej teorii orzekania, przedstawionej w pracy Rafała Mańki W stronę krytycznej filozofii orzekania. Polityczność, etyka, legitymizacja. Wykazuję kolejno, że: interpretacja kluczowego dla całej pracy pojęcia, jakim jest pojęcie polityczności, zostaje wybrana przez Mańkę w sposób ideologiczny i aprioryczny; wybór ten uniemożliwia realizację głównego celu książki, czyli legitymizację orzekania; realizacja proponowanej przez autora etyki orzekania jest (w świetle jego własnych założeń) zarówno mało prawdopodobna, jak i niezbyt pożądana. Wreszcie, z racji na totalny charakter krytyki, teoria ta nie jest zdolna odróżnić legitymowanego prawa od przemocy, a orzeczenia uzasadnionego od nieuzasadnionego. W konsekwencji, traci ona swoje krytyczne ostrze. Jak wskazuję, nie są to przypadłości wyjątkowe dla omawianej koncepcji, ale bardziej powszechne słabości różnych wariantów krytycznej teorii prawa.
EN
The paper aims at reconstruction and critical discussion with the main tenets of political theory of adjudication, as presented by Rafał Mańko in his book, W stronę krytycznej filozofii orzekania. Polityczność, etyka, legitymizacja [Towards a Critical Philosophy of Adjudication. The Political, Ethics, Legitimacy]. In the paper, I demonstrate: that the interpretation of the concept crucial for the entire theory – which is the concept of political – has been chosen by Mańko in an ideological and a priori manner; that the choice above effectively prevents the realisation of the main objective of the book, which is to legitimise adjudication; that the adoption of the ethics of adjudication advocated in the book is – in the light of the basic assumptions of that very publication – both improbable and hardly acceptable. Finally, I claim that Mańko’s theory, due to its totality, can distinguish neither between legitimate law and violence, nor between justified and unjustified adjudication. As a result, it loses its critical force. All these problems are not peculiar to Mańko’s theory, but they are general weaknesses of various versions of critical jurisprudence.
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