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Kraków w polityce księcia Władysława Opolczyka.

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Sperka J.

Res Gestae. Czasopismo Historyczne

2013

vol. 13

167-180

Vladislaus of Opole (1326/1330-1401), a representative of the Upper Silesian line of the Piast dynasty, played an important role in the history of a few countries in the central and eastern Europe. He was certainly one of the most skillful monarchs in the second half of tcentury. He owed his career not only to his skills but also to the protection of the HungarEurope. He was certainly one of the most skillful monarchs in the second half of the 14th century. He owed his career not only to his skills but also to the protection of theHungarian court. On all lands that he ruled, starting from Hungary, through Red Ruthenia, the land of Wieluń, the land of Dobrzyń, Kujawy, to the inherited Duchy of Opole, he was known as a great landlord and organizer. Due to the fact that he was assigned numerous tasks by the king’s court and he ruled on lands that were part of the Kingdom of Poland, and for a short period of time also in the kingdom itself as a regent (1377/1378), Vladislaus of Opole remained in contact with Krakow. During the 30 years (1363–1393), his itineranium mentions his presence in the city seven times. His visits wer connected to political matters and economic affairs. When it comes to the former, the most important visits include his presence on the Krakow convention (1364), participation in the funeral of Casimir the Great and the coronation of his successor Louis I of Hungary in 1370 (then he was granted Wieluń as a fief), meetings with the regent Elizabeth Piast (1374, 1379) and Queen Jadwiga (1385). Vladislausof Opole could not work out proper relations with the King Vladislaus Jagiello and in May 1389 (after meeting with the Polish monarch) he was accused of an attempt of taking over the Krakow castle. For a long time, Duke carried out financial operations with Krakow city councilors, borrowing money from them. There are a couple of records in the city bills that notify about sending money to Vladislaus of Opole and maintaining the messengers of the Duke that were sent to collect that money. Contacts of Vladislaus of Opole with Krakow stopped with the outburst of wars with the Kingdom of Poland (1391–1396).

Na pograniczu krakowsko-opolskim. Częstochowa pod rządami Władysława Opolczyka.

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Laberschek J.

Res Gestae. Czasopismo Historyczne

2013

vol. 13

154-166

The first piece of information about Częstochowa dates back to 1220, that is the time when it was a small village located at the bottom of Jasna Góra on the edge of a settlement called Opole Mstowskie. Although thanks to the initiative of knights that ruled Częstochowa it became a parish village already before 1326, its development was slow because of its peripheral location near the border and, more importantly, the danger of brigand raids. A breakthrough in the development of Częstochowa occurred during the last years of the reign of Casimir III the Great and the rule of Duke Vladislaus of Opole in the years 1370–1391. King Casimir allowed incorporating the village under the German law in 1356 and after a few years proceeded with planting royal city Częstochowa near that settlement at the Warta River. After the death of the king, Duke Vladislaus of Opole took over the realization of this task, and finished it in 1377. The greatest merits of the Duke include bringing Pauline Fathers from Hungary and founding their monastery on Jasna Góra in 1382 as well as granting the monks with the paining of the Black Madonna two years later. Due to the fact that in that area of the Krakow land existed a large estate and significant endowment of the monastery of Canons Regular in Mstów, Duke Vladislaus had to make his donations to the Pauline Fathers from goods that were frequently far away from Częstochowa. Because of that, the endowment of the monastery was changed a couple of times and corrected by the Duke himself as well as by King Vladislaus Jagiello.

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2 Res Gestae. Czasopismo Historyczne

1 Laberschek J.

1 Sperka J.

2 2013

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Kraków w polityce księcia Władysława Opolczyka.

Na pograniczu krakowsko-opolskim. Częstochowa pod rządami Władysława Opolczyka.