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Reforma uwłaszczeniowa we wsi Lednogóra i początki Moraczewa

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Linetty J.

Studia Lednickie

2021

vol. 20

51-78

The following article is devoted to the enfranchisement reform conducted in Lednogóra village. The enfranchisement reform, which was begun on the territory of the Grand Duchy of Posen by the Prussian authorities in 1823, aimed at ending the relics of a manorial-serf economy, formed in the Middle Ages. It meant the abolition of serfdom and the creation of medium-sized peasant farms free from obligations to the manor. To cultivate the land on these farms, draught animals were needed. In Lednogóra, the implementation of the reform started at the requests of the peasants in 1830. As a result of the procedure that took nearly 10 years, a “reces” was written (1839), whereby 14 farms were created free of any encumbrances from the manor. At the same time, the established farms were moved to a new land and a new settlement was created – Moraczewo. The old and new land divisions were documented on the map of Lednogóra drawn up by the surveyor Demmler.

Poniższy artykuł jest poświęcony zagadnieniu realizacji reformy uwłaszczeniowej we wsi Lednogóra. Reforma uwłaszczeniowa, rozpoczęta na terenie Wielkiego Księstwa Poznańskiego przez władze pruskie w 1823 roku, miała na celu likwidację reliktów gospodarki folwarczno-pańszczyźnianej, ukształtowanej jeszcze w średniowieczu. Oznaczało to zniesienie pańszczyzny oraz utworzenie wolnych od powinności wobec dworu średniej wielkości gospodarstw chłopskich, do uprawy których potrzebny był sprzężaj. W Lednogórze realizację postanowień reformy uwłaszczeniowej rozpoczęto na wniosek włościan w 1829/1830 roku. W wyniku trwającej blisko 10 lat procedury sporządzono reces (1839), w świetle którego utworzono 14 gospodarstw wolnych od wszelkich obciążeń ze strony dworu. Jednocześnie powstałe gospodarstwa przeniesiono na nowe grunty i utworzono nową osadę – Moraczewo. Dawne i nowe podziały gruntów zostały udokumentowane na mapie Lednogóry sporządzonej w 1831 roku przez mierniczego Demmlera.

Reforma uwłaszczeniowa we wsi Grzybowo koło Wrześni

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Linetty J.

Studia Lednickie

2020

vol. 19

129-149

Grzybowo near Września is widely known among archaeologists for an early medieval gord located there, which was important for the development of the Polish statehood. However, the present article is devoted to the episode from its later history, i.e. the implementation of affranchisement reform in the 19th century. This reform, implemented in the Grand Dutchy of Posen by the Prussian authorities since 1823, definitely ended the feudal-serf economy, established in the Polish countryside since the late Middle Ages. Grzybowo consisted of two granges: Chrzanowice and Rabieżyce. As a result of affranchisement reform, two farms, of 20 morgens, were granted full ownership to Maciej Chylak and Stanisław Zaporowski. In Rabieżyce one farm of 30 morgens was established which was granted full ownership to the children of the late Hiacenty Hyla. Moreover, the reform regulated and separated presbytery land in Grzybowo. In Grzybowo-Wódki 4 homesteads were established, of 31 to 32 morgens, and granted full ownership to the farmers Bartłomiej Dudkiewicz, Andrzej Tomaszewski, and Anna and Franciszek Sworowski. Th e reform involved multilateral agreements, known as “recesy”, as well as drawing up a regulatory-restitution map of Grzybowo from 1845, which reflected the contemporary village development, as well as the dykes of the gord which was then known as a “trench”.

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Reforma uwłaszczeniowa we wsi Lednogóra i początki Moraczewa

Reforma uwłaszczeniowa we wsi Grzybowo koło Wrześni