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„Wiolka mówi o obrzydliwych rzeczach”. O semantyce i funkcji nazw intymnych części ciała w kobiecym stand-upie

100%
Chudzik A.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
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2022
|
issue 15
127-142
EN
The topic of this article concerns the names of intimate body parts that appear in the performances of Polish female stand-up comedians. The aim of the considerations is to show the dominant semantic forms of naming intimate parts of the body and to indicate their functions in speech and genre discourse. The article begins with theoretical findings on the genre features of stand-up and the specificity of the vocabulary relating to body parts considered taboo. Further considerations include an analysis of the material divided into the part concerning semantics and the part concerning the function of the studied vocabulary. The methodological approach used in the study is lexical semantics in terms of cognitive linguistics with elements of pragmalinguistics.
2
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Табу на личные имена и на местоимение ты как компонент русского речевого этикета

88%
Fedosyuk M.
Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski
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2020
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vol. 1
417-425
EN
The article shows that the language taboo on pronouncing personal names, which is usually described as a phenomenon typical of archaic cultures, is also characteristic of the modern Russian language, where names of older relatives usually are replaced by words dad, mother, grandfather, grandmother, uncle and aunt. In the XVIII and XIX centuries in Russia there was a taboo on the use of names, patronymics and surnames of persons senior in civil or military rank. At present, it is preserved in the military sphere of communication, where it is forbidden to address by name or surname to senior in rank. The taboo phenomenon can also be an explanation of etiquette designation the respected interlocutor by Russian pronoun vy (ʻyouʼ pl.) instead of ty (ʻyouʼ sg.).
3
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Tekst biblijny i sprawy „zbyt powszednie”? Na marginesie kwestii tabu językowego w tradycji czeskiego przekładu biblijnego

63%
Bartoň J.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
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2018
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vol. 25
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issue 1
11-32
EN
The case study deals with the fortunes of translation equivalents of the words ἀφεδρών//secessus (in Matthew 15,17 and Mark 7,19) and γυμνός//nudus (in John 21,7) in the Czech Biblical tradition. The paper presents the material from almost fifty Czech translations (from the end of the 13th century to this day) and shows that the expressions (notions) draught, toilet and naked disappear in certain moments and are missing in most of the translations. The author tries to demonstrate in his analyses and interpretations when, under which circumstances and why there was this specific secondary tabooization that itself (slightly) disturbs the taboo of the inviolability of the content of the sacred text.
4
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Le tabou dans la langue culinaire ?

51%
Bochnakowa A.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica
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2017
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issue 12
81-88
EN
The article presents an overview of Polish and French culinary terms related to offal that can be considered as euphemisms. These are the dishes prepared from organ meats, specifically the liver, tongue, kidneys, lungs etc. In both languages one can observe the use of diminutives: fr. cervelle, pl. móżdżek from mózg ‘brain’, pl. żeberka from żebra ‘ribs’. Different names are sometimes used for the dish and anatomical part: pl. ozór/ozorek ‘tongue’, pl. cynaderki, fr. rognons - reins ‘kidney’. Avoiding the use of a proper name (body part) to describe a dish is an euphemism, as if the name of an animal organ prepared for consumption should not be used (in spite of the names such as French cuisse de poulet (pl. kurze udko ‘chicken leg’), tête de veau (pl. główka cielęca ‘veal head’, diminutives in Polish). Aren’t the strategies mentioned used in order not to reveal anatomical analogies and the identity of human and animal organ names?
FR
L’article contient une présentation des termes culinaires français et polonais qui peuvent être considérés comme des euphémismes. Il s’agit des noms des plats préparés à partir des abats (foie, langue, testicules, coeur, etc.) donc des parties « non nobles » des animaux comestibles. Dans les deux langues, mais surtout en polonais, on observe l’emploi des diminutifs formés à partir des noms anatomiques : fr. cervelle, pl. móżdżek de mózg ‘cerveau’, pl. żeberka de żebra ‘côtes’, etc. Parfois, un nom différent de celui de l’organe est utilisé pour désigner le plat : pl. ozór/ozorek ‘langue’, pl. cynaderki à côté de nerki, fr. rognons, à côté de reins, etc. Le fait d’éviter le nom propre de l’organe pour désigner un plat relève de l’euphémisme, comme si le nom de l’organe de l’animal préparé à la consommation ne devait pas être utilisé (à côté, pourtant, de cuisse de poulet ou tête de veau, en polonais avec des diminutifs : kurze udko, główka cielęca). Est-ce pour ne pas mettre en évidence les analogies anatomiques et l’identité des noms des organes de l’homme et de l’animal que nous recourons dans nos langues aux stratégies mentionnées ci-dessus ?
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