Search results

1

O możliwości zastosowania teorii prawa Zygmunta Ziembińskiego w rozstrzyganiu problemów bioetycznych

100%

Moniuszko Ł.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

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2013

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vol. 11

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issue 2

29-45

EN

The article looks at attempts to use the legal and moral concepts of Zygmunt Ziembiński in bioethical considerations. Assuming that law is determined by morality, the an example of an unborn child is used to examine how these combined factors can be applied in bioethics. According to the author, the most interesting aspects are the proposals formulated by Ziembiński. In his opinion, the liberal theory of Ziembiński’s law, which expands on the views of Maria Ossowska and Czeslaw Znamierowski, deserves special attention. In summing up, the author comes to the conclusion that the concept of Ziembiński’s law can find universal application in bioethics, thanks to its more than subjective practical applicability.

2

ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ ТА ПРИНЦИПИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ

100%

Калюжна Н.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2016

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issue 2(56)

270-277

EN

The article defines the effect of innovative competence on the process of professional training of future primary school teachers, the essence of the concepts «innovative competence of teachers», «innovative pedagogical activity», «readiness for innovative pedagogical activity». The author used following methods of research: general research methods: a) theoretical: classification with the purpose of studying and analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature; comparison, systematization and generalization of materials with the purpose of analysis of problems; b) empirical: focused and systematic observation of learning activity of students. Stages in the preparation of teachers for innovative activity, the patterns of the process of training future primary school teachers for innovative activity are characterized: efficiency of preparation of students of pedagogical higher education institutions to innovative activity is determined by its focus on the training of future teachers to the solution of the problems of modernization of the system of primary education of Ukraine according to national and civilizational trends of its development; the effectiveness of training of students of the pedagogical higher education institutions to innovative activity is determined by the completeness of the implementation of its substantial, structural and functional relations with other components of professional-pedagogical training of future teachers; efficiency of preparation of future teachers is determined by the degree of its conformity to objective laws of professional training; the effectiveness of training of students of pedagogical higher education institutions to innovative activity is determined by the extent of its compliance with the structure and content of innovative professional activity of teachers; the effectiveness of training of students of pedagogical higher education institutions to innovative activity is determined by the degree of conformity of its content, forms and methods to the level of development of the complex of Sciences about the person and is determined by the degree of integration of knowledge relating to the issues of formation of innovative competence of future teachers and principles of formation of innovative competence of future primary school teachers. The article can be used by teachers, students of higher education institutions, educators on courses. Prospects of further research in the area of research are seen in the search of ways of realization of certain laws and principles in modern pedagogical universities.

3

Legislative basis of pedagogical education in Japan

100%

Kuchai T.

Comparative Professional Pedagogy

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 1

32-37

EN

Legal framework policy of Japan in the field of education has been analyzed. The problem of influence of legislative materials on the development of education in Japan, its legislative support has been considered. It has been defined that directive materials affect the development of education system in Japan. Legislation policy of the country is represented by the following documents on education: laws, decrees, regulations etc., which are developed in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and the Basic Law on Education of Japan, and contribute to the high level of school education and training of highly qualified teachers. The Constitution of Japan in 1946 laid the foundation for progressive changes in society and consolidated a new approach to education. This document provides a framework for creating laws, decrees, regulations, reform education. Achievements of Japanese civilization began to express themselves in the form of military advantage and economic prosperity, which was the impetus for their further development. Important role in solving this problem belongs to education, development of which is held by the legislative materials. In particular, there was established a number of laws, decrees, regulations, etc., the implementation of which contributed to higher levels of school and higher education. It has been defined that the concept of national identity within the structure of the student’s moral consciousness should take priority position alongside with such concepts as conscience, justice, decency, kindness.

4

Alois Rašín a ti druzí : Právníci při vzniku československého státu

86%

Vojáček L.

Právník. Teoretický časopis pro otázky státu a práva (The Lawyer - Scientific Review for Problems of State and Law)

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2018

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vol. 157

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issue 10

812-825

EN

The article refers to the formation of the Czechoslovak state by presenting the activities of three lawyers variously connected with the preparation of the first Czechoslovak constitutional laws. The participation of the judge Ferdinand Pantůček was rather indirect, but the more important. His “pre-revolutional” draft of the Political Act, supplemented by several draft laws containing more detailed provisions, significantly affected the content of the First Czechoslovak Law (No. 11/1918 Coll.) And, together with the above-mentioned draft laws, it also influenced the following law-making activity of the National Committee - resulting in, among others, the Provisional Constitution. As a rapporteur of the National Committee he also submitted several draft laws and regulations (Nos. 1 to 7/1918 Coll.). Alois Rašín is primarily associated with the initial version of the Act No. 11/1918 Coll. but as a member of the presidium of the National Committee he also played a significant role in its decision making. In his position, he submitted several draft laws to the plenum of the National Committee and informed them of the enacted regulations. Alfred Meissner is known to be the author of the text of the Provisional Constitution, less is he known as the one who successfully fought for the enactment of the constitution by the Czechoslovak National Committee.

CS

Článek připomíná vznik československého státu prostřednictvím aktivit tří právníků, různým způsobem spojených s přípravou prvních československých ústavních zákonů. Účast soudce Ferdinanda Pantůčka byla sice spíše nepřímá, ale o to významnější. Jeho „předpřevratový“ návrh politického zákona, doplněný návrhy zákonů podrobněji rozvádějících jeho rámcová ustanovení, významně ovlivnil obsah prvního československého zákona (č. 11/1918 Sb. z. a n.) a spolu se zmíněnými návrhy navazujících zákonů též další právotvornou činnost Národního výboru československého včetně prozatímní ústavy. Některé návrhy zákonů a nařízení (č. 1 až 7/1918 Sb. z. a n.) jako zpravodaj v Národním výboru také předkládal. Alois Rašín je spojován především s původní podobou zmíněného zákona č. 11/1918 Sb. z. a n., ale jako člen předsednictva Národního výboru se také významně podílel na jeho operativním rozhodování. Z titulu své funkce plénu Národního výboru předložil návrhy několika zákonů a informoval je o schválených nařízeních. Alfred Meissner je znám jako tvůrce textu prozatímní ústavy, méně už jako ten, kdo prosadil, že ústavu přijal už Národní výbor československý.

5

Bezduszność prawa

72%

Zwoliński A.

Studia Socialia Cracoviensia

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2012

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vol. 4

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issue 2

EN

A standard of decency, which is not necessarily reflected in legislation, is present in social awareness. It is often forgotten, but felt in harmful actions of administration toward the development of an individual. Invoking the right to justify the legality and fairness of such behavior when the law is used as a moral alibi – this jurisdictive treatment of morality, or stepping too far into the ethical areas with the standards of the law should be considered a dangerous attitude. The author justifies a thesis that the ethical dimension of the law must be sought in its humanizing, rather than surrendering to its totalitarian interpretation.

6

International Experience of Legal Support of Information Security and the Possibilities for its Application in the Republic of Kazakhstan

71%

Zabikh S.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2020

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issue 3

71-85

PL

W artykule autor rozważa problemy zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa informacji, dla których rozwiązania ma zbadać metody i sposoby identyfikacji oraz zapobiegania zagrożeniom w sferze informacyjnej. O bezpieczeństwie informacyjnym społeczeństwa jako całości decydują szybko rosnące możliwości technologiczne nowoczesnych systemów informacyjnych, które w swoim wpływie na politykę, gospodarkę oraz sferę duchową i ideologiczną ludzi stały się obecnie decydujące. Zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa informacji, które dotyczy stanu ochrony żywotnych interesów jednostki, społeczeństwa i państwa w sferze informacyjnej przed zagrożeniami wewnętrznymi i zewnętrznymi, wydaje się być bardzo ważnym zadaniem we współczesnym świecie. Bezpieczeństwo przestrzeni informacyjnej wiąże się z ochroną praw i interesów człowieka i obywatela, społeczeństwa i państwa w sferze informacyjnej przed rzeczywistymi i potencjalnymi zagrożeniami. W artykule przedstawiono również uogólniony opis międzynarodowych doświadczeń w zakresie regulacji prawnej bezpieczeństwa informacji oraz możliwości ich zastosowania w Republice Kazachstanu.

EN

The author in the article considers the problems of ensuring information security for the solution of which it is supposed to study methods and ways for identifying and preventing danger in the information sphere. The information security of society as a whole is determined by the rapidly growing technological capabilities of modern information systems, which in their influence on the politics, economy, and the spiritual and ideological sphere of people have now become decisive. Ensuring information security, which refers to the state of protection of the vital interests of the individual, society and the state in the information sphere from internal and external threats, seems to be a very important task in the modern world. The security of the information space are entails the protection of the rights and interests of man and citizen, society and the state in the information sphere from real and potential threats. The article also provides a generalized description of the international experience in the legal regulation of information security and the possibility of its application in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

7

Space law in Vietnam: outer space policy, legal development and its future pathway

58%

Khanh Linh L. T., Anh H. T., Dieu Ha T. T., Lan Phuong N. L., Thuy Nhi L. T.

Ad Astra. Program badań nad astropolityką i prawem kosmicznym

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2022

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issue 5

4-13

EN

Although Vietnam has participated in numerous outer space operations with many nations worldwide, its legal system in this sector is still in its infancy and consequently has several restrictions. More specifically, this article investigates the establishment and evolution of policies, laws, and international cooperation regarding the utilization of outer space in Vietnam from 1979 to the present, with the turning point in 2006. The authors then give some predictions concerning the future pathway of Vietnamese space law in the new age from 2020.

PL

Chociaż Wietnam uczestniczył w licznych operacjach kosmicznych, współpracując z wieloma narodami z całego świata, prawna regulacja sektora kosmicznego jest wciąż w powijakach. W artykule przedstawiono rozwój polityki i prawa kosmicznego, a także współpracy międzynarodowej w zakresie wykorzystania przestrzeni kosmicznej w Wietnamie od 1979 roku do chwili obecnej, z punktem zwrotnym w 2006 roku. Autorzy wskazali także kilka prognoz dotyczących przyszłej ścieżki wietnamskiego prawa kosmicznego w nowej erze, liczonej od 2020 roku.

8

Vandalisme révolutionnaire et patrimoine

58%

Thomas J.-F.

Studia Gilsoniana

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2022

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vol. 11

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issue 4

567-593

EN

Prepared by other iconoclasms, French revolutionary vandalism spared nothing and inspired the destruction of successive revolutions throughout the world. The contradiction lies in the fact that, at the same time, the actors of this drama were developing the idea of heritage that is still prevalent in our country today. There was no shortage of decrees and laws, most of which had no effect. Two prominent examples are briefly discussed here: the desecration of the royal basilica of Saint-Denis and the fate of Notre-Dame cathedral in Paris. The powerlessness of a few men who were aware of the tragedy unfolding before them shows how the machine that mercilessly crushed human beings was also particularly effective in erasing the traces and roots of a two-thousand-year-old culture founded on God and the King.

9

Viešojo Intereso Apibrėžimo Lietuvos Urbanistinėje Plėtroje Klausimu

58%

Staniūnas E.

Town Planning and Architecture

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2008

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vol. 32

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issue 4

248-257

LT

Nagrinėjamas viešojo (visuomenės) intereso apibrėžimo ir jo sąsajų su teritorine plėtra klausimas. Apie visuomenės interesus užsimintaLietuvos Konstitucijoje, tačiau kas tai yra konkrečiau, Lietuvos įstatymuose nepaaiškinta. Neapibrėžus šios kategorijos, praktiškai neįmanoma išspręsti esminio valstybei - jos socialinės sistemos klausimo, t. y. konkretizuoti visuomenės ir individo santykių principo (nors jis apytikriai ir paaiškintas pagrindiniame šalies įstatyme). Rezultatas yra tas, kad gyvenimo praktikoje (taip pat ir teritorinėje plėtroje) realizuojama galbūt nuoKonstitucijosatitrūkusi ir nežinia kokia valstybės idėja. Straipsnyje siūloma šią spragą užpildyti ir analizuojama, kaip tai būtų galima padaryti.

EN

The word "public" has two meanings in the Lithuanian language. It means "useful for society" and "overt" ("nonsecret"). Double-edged meaning of the category is not acceptable in the sphere of practical urban development, where decisions mean the distribution of goods among individuals as well as the distribution of goods among individuals and overall. In general it is not clear whether the development of the city should be only overt or whether it has also something to do with the interest of society, with the interest of the entire population of the city.The language peculiarities require a special approach of the legal system to the term. The Lithuanian legal system makes not very much in this direction, may be rather on the contrary it makes the term "public interest" even more misty. The Lithuanian Constitution mentions societal interest (requires to support useful for society economic activity), however, neither the Constitution nor the Law on Territory Planning describe what the category "society use" (societal interest) means. The Law does not see the difference a person and the entirety of city population. It says that the term "public" ("society") means one as well as more natural or legal persons. This situation has many sequences: the main question of the social system of the state is not clear; the basis of the mission of urban planning is not clear too; the principle of distribution of goods in urban development is not declared; the question of a legal goods distribution can hardly even be raised.The idea of a more precise legal definition of the term "public interest" is raised in the paper. The author thinks that the formula "public goods are goods that cannot be produced by an individual" can be a good basis for elaborating a legal definition of the category "public interest". It allows to divide clearly and logically overall and individual goods. It allows to see what concrete development proposals are useful for. It allows to show the logical place of urban planning in general: public interest in urban development should be the production of goods that cannot be produced by separate citizens; this production should also be accepted as the mission of urban planning.

10

Polskie doświadczenia ilustracją teologii narodu

51%

Warchoł P.

Warszawskie Studia Teologiczne

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2018

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vol. 31

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issue 2

92-113

EN

The theology of the nation is a section of theology, that describes its histo-ry in the light of Christian faith. Its essence consists in appealing both to God and to the activity of the nation in the world as Christian witness. Theology of a na-tion grows out of the event of baptism, which influences the morality of society, politics, social issues, culture and economy. Baptism is the foundation of national identity and encourages the construction of a world in which Christian values are taken into account. Theology of the Polish nation was developed the mainly during the time of the „partitions”, when Poland ceased to exist as an independent state. In spite of this circumstance, the nation survived, thanks to its faith in God and its wil-lingness to cooperate effectively with him in order to regain his independence. The Mother of Jesus, who was named Queen of Poland, who taught Poles the love of the homeland and reconciliation of her children, was an aid to the oppressed nation.During the partitions, a valuable role in regaining the independence by Poland was played by the artists, who were interpreting the history of Poland in the light of the Bible and its message. In this way, they created a spark of hope, so that the overwhelming darkness that fell on the nation do not obscure the pursuit of freedom. In the 20th century, when the nation experienced occupation – first, German, and then Soviet – the Poles were given great spiritual leaders: Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński and John Paul II are an example of wisdom and courage in le-ading the nation towards independence.The experience of Poland confirms that in the nation the most important is the spirit that gives its inhabitants strength and power. When the nation calls on God, he will endure the most painful torments. The strength of the spirit guaran-tees the spiritual development of the community, stimulates action and releases hope for a better future. In modern times, the Polish nation finds it in the message of God's mercy.

11

Сэксуальная рэвалюцыя ў Cавецкай Беларусі ў 1920-я гг.: Ідэйныя вытокі і юрыдычнае абгрунтаванне

44%

Гужалоўскі А.

Przegląd Środkowo-Wschodni

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2017

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vol. 2

9-59

PL

Wszystkie istniejące w XX wieku reżimy totalitarne próbowały wykorzystać energię seksualną społeczeństwa do swoich celów politycznych traktując ją jako narzędzie inżynierii socjalnej. W Związku Sowieckim ideolodzy partyjni dążyli do dopasowania zachowań seksualnych ludzi do doktryny marksistowskiej. Seksualność w ZSRS pokonała długa drogę od zakrojonych na szeroką skalę swobód w latach dwudziestych przez konserwatyzm epoki stalinowskiej i względną liberalizację w dobie „realnego socjalizmu” do prawdziwej eksplozji na przełomie lat osiemdziesiątych i dziewięćdziesiątych. Pierwszą dekadę po objęciu władzy przez bolszewików cechowały szerokie swobody w dziedzinie życia seksualnego. Zmiany, które wówczas się dokonały, przeszły do historii jako „rewolucja seksualna”. Wiele aspektów tej rewolucji już stanowiło przedmiot badań rosyjskich i zachodnich badaczy. Tymczasem badacze białoruscy w swoich pracach zaledwie poruszali niektóre epizody związane z sowiecką rewolucją seksualną. Przy czym badacze ci tradycyjnie wpisywali ją w nurt ówczesnej sowieckiej polityki narodowościowej i NEP-u. W przeciwieństwie do nich autor danej publikacji podjął próbę spojrzenia na rewolucję seksualną z lat dwudziestych przez pryzmat tworzenia nowej ideologii i prawa regulującego postawy i zachowania seksualne społeczeństwa. W latach dwudziestych bolszewicy przeprowadzali swoisty eksperyment, wówczas trwała transformacja relacji pomiędzy obydwoma płciami. W ówczesnej prasie oraz z trybun dygnitarze partyjni i państwowi otwarcie omawiali sferę seksualną życia obywateli.

EN

All totalitarian regimes which existed in the 20th century tried to use sexual energy of the population like a tool of social engineering. In Soviet Union the Communist Party ideologists strived to change sexuality and sexual behavior of people according to Marxist doctrine. Sexuality in the USSR went through the cycle from unbelievable freedom in the 1920s through the conservatism of Stalinism and a relatively liberal decade of “the developed socialism” to the sexual boom in the end of 1980s – beginning of 1990s. The fi rst decades after Bolsheviks came to power was characterized by unbelievable freedom of even for today. Revolution changes in the sexual behavior took place in the Soviet Russia then in the Soviet Union. Those changes have already got name in contemporary historiography – “sexual revolution”. Many aspects of it were described by Russian and Western researchers. Particular facts on the Soviet sexual revolution can be also found in the work of Belarusian researchers, who have studied the gender aspects of the past. The 1920s are traditionally presented in Belarusian historiography in the context of national or new economic policy. The author tried to have a close look at this decade through “unusual” for most Belarusian historians’ optics – construction of ideological origins and legal basis for new intimacy and sexual relations. The choice is nonrandom. The fi rst decade after the Bolsheviks’ revolution the USSR was the fi eld of experiment, transformation of gender relations. The range of sources is not random too. Printed media as well as the Communist Party and Government offi cials of the liberal 1920s are openly discussed sexual sphere of human activity.

12

O.W. Holmes i jego “ Droga prawa”

44%

CHOVANCOVÁ J.

Progress in Economic Sciences

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2016

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vol. 3

53-61

PL

Artykuł ten opisuje zrozumienie prawa i moralności, ich związku według O.W. Holmes'a oraz analizę ich treści. O. W. Holmes mówi o wykwalifikowanym prawniku i jego zaufaniu. Jakie zaufanie mamy na myśli? Według Holmes'a jedynie wykwalifikowany prawnik może spełnić standardy profesji prawnej. Jest kilka zagrożeń związanych z amerykańskim prawem, które według Holmes'a powinny być zauważone oraz należy ich unikać. W USA, źródłem prawa są często prawa zwyczajowe, casusy, oraz inne źródła prawne, które często mają kilkaset lat. Również podstawowe prawa i obowiązki powstałe w głębokiej przeszłości poprzez decyzje sądowe i zapisane w precedensach były uznane za prorocze przez Holmes'a. Metodologia: W artykule użyto głównie metody syntezy w definicji pojęcia prawa oraz wykwalifikowanego prawnika według O. W. Holmes'a.

EN

The article describes understanding of law and morality, its connection by O.W. Holmes and also analyzes their content. O. W. Holmes speaks about qualified lawyer and about his credits. What credits do we actually encounter? According to Holmes, only a qualified lawyer can adequately meet the standards of legal profession. There were some perils connected with the American law which according to Holmes should have been avoided or recognized. In the USA, the sources of law are frequently represented by legal customs, case law, and other sources which are frequently several hundred years old. Also primary rights and duties created in the deep past throught judicial decisions and enshrined in precedents were considered prophecies by Holmes. Methodology: In the article I using especially method of synthesis in defiing the concept of law and also qualified lawyer by O. W. Holmes.

RU

Эта статья описывает понятия права и моральности, их связи согласно О.У. Холмсу, а также анализ их содержания. О. У. Холмс говорит о квалифицированном юристе и его доверии. Какое доверие мы имеем в виду? Согласно Холмсу только квалифицированный юрист может соответствовать стандартам юридической профессии. Существует несколько видов угроз, связанных с американским правом, на которые, согласно Холмсу, необходимо обратить внимание, а также необходимо их избегать. В США источником права часто являются обычные права, казусы, а также другие юридические источники, которые часто имеют несколько сот лет. Также основные права и обязанности, появившиеся в глубоком прошлом благодаря судебным решениям и записанным в прецедентах, были признаны Холмсом пророческими. Методология: В статье использовались, главным образом, методы синтеза в определении понятия права, а также понятия квалифицированного юриста согласно О. У. Холмсу.

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O możliwości zastosowania teorii prawa Zygmunta Ziembińskiego w rozstrzyganiu problemów bioetycznych

ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ ТА ПРИНЦИПИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ

Legislative basis of pedagogical education in Japan

Alois Rašín a ti druzí : Právníci při vzniku československého státu

Bezduszność prawa

International Experience of Legal Support of Information Security and the Possibilities for its Application in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Space law in Vietnam: outer space policy, legal development and its future pathway

Vandalisme révolutionnaire et patrimoine

Viešojo Intereso Apibrėžimo Lietuvos Urbanistinėje Plėtroje Klausimu

Polskie doświadczenia ilustracją teologii narodu

Сэксуальная рэвалюцыя ў Cавецкай Беларусі ў 1920-я гг.: Ідэйныя вытокі і юрыдычнае абгрунтаванне

O.W. Holmes i jego “ Droga prawa”