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Informacja o braku zawartości określonych substancji w żywności w regulacjach prawa żywnościowego

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Wojciechowski P.

Przegląd Prawa Rolnego

2018

issue 1(22)

103-121

L’articolo presenta requisiti generali della legislazione alimentare in materia di informazioni sull’assenza in un alimento di sostanze specifiche. Nella parte conclusiva, l’Autore ha affermato tra l’altro che l’adozione di soluzioni differenziate per determinati tipi di indicazioni (p.es. non contiene zucchero, senza glutine) significa che la politica del legislatore dell’UE nell’ambito discusso non è coerente. Di conseguenza, a causa di norme diversificate, l’interesse del consumatore non è sufficientemente tutelato, il che porta addirittura a “indurlo in errore per legge”. Pertanto, l’Autore postula di unificare le norme in questione.

This article presents general requirements laid down in food law regarding information on the absence of specific substances in food. The author noted, among other things, that the fact that not uniform solutions for certain types of designations (e.g. sugar-free, gluten-free) are adopted demonstrates the lack of a coherent EU legislator’s policy in this area. As a result, the consumer’s interests are not adequately protected. Given the variety of regulations, this leads at times to “statutory misrepresentation.” Hence the call for unification of regulations informing about the absence of specific substances in food.

In vitro food production from animal cell cultures as a meat alternative (selected legal aspects)

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Leśkiewicz K.

Przegląd Prawa Rolnego

2019

issue 2(25)

153-166

Z prawnego punktu widzenia mogą wystąpić wątpliwości co do kwalifikacji prawnej żywności uzyskiwanej metodą in vitro z komórek zwierząt. Autorka stwierdza, że uzyskiwanie mięsa z komórek zwierząt metodą „in vitro” nie mieści się w klasycznych pojęciach prawnych mięsa czy produkcji rolnej. Produkty mięsa wytworzonego z komórek metodą „in vitro” mogą odpowiadać kryteriom ustalonym przez prawodawcę dla novel food. Jeśli uznać, że jest to prawidłowy sposób kwalifikacji, to powinny być one poddawane procedurze dopuszczania na rynek unijny uregulowanej w rozporządzeniu 2015/2283, a co za tym idzie – ocenie ich bezpieczeństwa. Racjonalne z prawnego, ekonomicznego i społecznego punktu widzenia jest wytwarzanie żywności nietypowymi metodami, jeśli mogą one służyć zapewnieniu bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego.

Da un punto di vista giuridico potrebbero sorgere dubbi sulla qualificazione giuridica di alimenti ottenuti in vitro da cellule animali. L’autrice afferma che ottenere carne da cellule animali usando il metodo “in vitro” non si colloca nei limiti dei classici concetti giuridici di carne o produzione agricola. I prodotti a base di carne derivati dal metodo “in vitro” possono soddisfare i criteri stabiliti dal legislatore per i novel food. Ritenendo quest’ultimo il modo corretto di qualificazione, anche loro, di conseguenza, dovrebbero essere soggettialla procedura di ammissione al mercato dell’UE, così come disciplinata dal regolamento 2015/2283, e quindi valutati sulla base della loro sicurezza. È del tutto razionale, dal punto di vista giuridico, economico e sociale, produrre cibo con metodi diversi da quello normale, specie se servono a garantire la sicurezza alimentare.

From a legal point of view, there may be doubts as to the legal qualification of food obtained in vitro from animal cells. An opinion is expressed in the article that meat from animal cells obtained using the in vitro method does not fall within the classical legal concepts of meat or agricultural production. However, meat products from cells produced by the in vitro method may satisfy the criteria established for novel food. If this is considered to be the correct way of qualification, then they should be subject to the EU market authorisation procedure regulated in Regulation 2015/2283, and a subsequent assessment of their safety. From a legal, economic and social point of view, it is reasonable to produce food using atypical methods if these methods are capable of ensuring food safety.

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2 Przegląd Prawa Rolnego

1 Leśkiewicz K.

1 Wojciechowski P.

1 2019

1 2018

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Informacja o braku zawartości określonych substancji w żywności w regulacjach prawa żywnościowego

In vitro food production from animal cell cultures as a meat alternative (selected legal aspects)