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EN
The article provides description of the Old Believers’ linguistic identity. We have chosen a person – a member of the Masurian Old Believers’ bespopovtsy community from Galkovo. In a study of verbal-semantic level of linguistic identity we found lexical dialects, which are typical for Masurian Old Believers, but we also noticed the genre aspect of her speech, motivational parameter and sphere of values which is one of the aspects of an Old Believers’ linguistic identity.
EN
Purpose: The aim of this paper is to make the reader acquainted with the linguistic identity of modern companies, taking into account its complexity and the multiplicity of factors creating its character. The author presents the theoretical aspects associated with linguistic heteroglossia in companies of the 21st century as well as the practical possibilities of using organizational multilingualism, showing the opportunities and challenges associated with the dialogism of organizations. Methodology: The issue of heteroglossia in the business environment is discussed to show the various aspects determining the linguistic dimension of organizational identity, paying special attention to corporate polyphony at the individual and group level as well as its implications for creating the linguistic performance of modern companies. In terms of the theoretical dimension of this paper, based on the postmodern and systemic traditions in management, it presents the relation “language-individual-organization”. The practical part of the paper presents the challenges associated with managing a heteroglossic organization. Findings: The conducted discussion on the issue of heteroglossia characterizing linguistic identity allows to show the various aspects and factors of the investigated phenomenon, which are present on both the individual and social level. The described issues associated with organizational ultilingualism point to effective ways of managing linguistically diversifi ed organizations. Practical implications: The investigated topic can be interesting not only for those involved scientifi cally in management, linguistics and widely-understood social sciences, but also for practitioners working in companies with a complex cultural and linguistic structure. The described theory followed by the discussion help understand how heteroglossia may infl uence the development of organizations as well as its potential and how to avoid mistakes in managing organizations with a multidimensional linguistic capital. Originality: Taking into account the already-conducted investigations on corporate linguistic identity, the paper offers an approach that has not yet been investigated.
EN
The article deals with content, scope and structure of the "linguistic identity" concept and describes two types of identity patterns used in modern Ukrainian advertising language. Purpose is the examination and analysis of the content, roles, and reasons for the use of specific verbal components which are nominated by the models of linguistic identity. Also, the purpose is to analyze the influence of these components on intercultural communication processes as significant elements belonging to a nation and culture. The article focuses on the most popular and effective manipulative techniques of modern Ukrainian advertising. Methods combine general scientific approaches that are inductive and deductive as well as the method of interdisciplinary study. Results. Ukrainian advertising language involves a lot of status, role and personal qualities. It’s driven by goals of further structuring and operation of linguistic identity models. Among the most used models are "mediator-leading" and "Ukrainian-Cossack" man characters. It is also desirable to pay attention to a number of comic and fantastic, male and female and other characters that shape images of modern advertising. The image of man in all its language manifestations makes it possible to identify the main trends of society, language and culture. Ukraine and Ukrainians are not exception.
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EN
Italian dialects occupy an important position in the history of Italian linguistics and are still present and relevant in the linguistic panorama of modern Italy. The purpose of this article is to outline the linguistic image of Italy by drawing attention to its dialects. Through analysis of the situation after unification in Italy in 1861, the author attempts to mark off functions and roles which dialects used to serve. In the second part of the article she concentrates on the phenomena of nuova dialettalità, or the new perspective and collocation of dialect in the Italian linguistic panorama of the 21st century. This article is a part of a research project dedicated to functions and uses of dialects in the Italian cinematography.
EN
The exploration of heritage regional language varieties and the identity quest in Russia take place against a background of protest against standard Russian, a legacy of the Soviet era, and involve heated discussions about norms and the role of regional varieties of Russian. In this paper, we shall look into new rapidly changing mind sets about standard Russian and regional varieties. We shall also examine various recent attempts at setting up regional language policies in a number of territories.
FR
L’exploration du patrimoine linguistique régional s’effectue dans les conditions de contestation et de modification du modèle du russe standard hérité de l’époque soviétique. L’analyse de nouvelles attitudes à l’opposition standard/non standard et aux tentatives de légitimer le « russe normé » régional, considéré de plus en plus comme marque de l’identité territoriale au sein de la Fédération de Russie.
EN
From the onomasiological point of view, the process of coining new words is determined by sociocultural and identity aspects of linguistic communities (Štekauer 2005; Körtvélyessy and Štekauer 2014). In the development of a culture, the creation of secondary lexicon is closely related to the historical and social evolution of peoples. It is not surprising that in the varieties of the Spanish language different preferences can be found in the selection of the word-formation process used to name the world. In this paper, we will analyze that processes in Mexico and show that some are typical of this variety of Spanish and reflect current aspects of their society and culture. We will use the neological corpus Morfolex (Zacarías, 2016c), which compiles neologisms formed in Mexico in the last decade. Briefly describe the processes of collection and classification of neologisms and productivity criteria that allow to recognize the favorite word-formation schemes. Finally, it will be shown that among the most productive schemes are suffixes azo, iza, erío; compositional element narco; compound words of name and adjective (N+A), and blends.
ES
Desde un punto de vista onomasiológico, el proceso de acuñación de nuevas palabras está determinado por aspectos socioculturales e identitarios de las comunidades lingüísticas (Štekauer 2005; Körtvélyessy y Štekauer 2014). En el desarrollo de una cultura, la creación de léxico secundario está estrechamente relacionada con el devenir histórico y social de los pueblos. No debe sorprender que en las variedades dialectales de la lengua española puedan encontrarse distintas preferencias en la selección de los esquemas de formación de palabras utilizados para nombrar el mundo. En este artículo, analizaremos los procesos lexicogenésicos del español de México y mostraremos que algunos son propios de esta variedad del español y reflejan aspectos actuales de su sociedad y su cultura. Recurriremos al corpus neológico Morfolex (Zacarías, 2016c), que recopila neologismos formados en México en la última década. Se describirán brevemente los procesos de recolección y clasificación de neologismos y los criterios de productividad que permiten reconocer los esquemas de formación de palabras favoritos. Finalmente, se mostrará que entre los esquemas formativos más productivos y que identifican la variante mexicana se encuentran los sufijos azo, iza, erío; el elemento compositivo narco; las palabras compuestas de nombre y adjetivo, y los cruces léxicos.
PL
Autorka bada językowe przejawy autoidentyfikacji nieistniejących już dziś społeczności połabskich Drzewian i pomorskich Słowińców. Podstawę materiałową stanowią: Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian Połabskich (wykorzystujący wszystkie zachowane zasoby leksyki połabskiej) oraz relacje pochodzące bezpośrednio od samych Słowińców (spisane przez badaczy tego obszaru w II połowie XIX wieku). Przeprowadzone analizy słownictwa połabskiego wiodą autorkę do wniosku, że pierwotny podział na swoich i obcych, oparty na odrębności etnicznej (bądź językowej) został przeniesiony do sfery podziałów społecznych (socjalnych, majątkowych, zawodowych). Na przykład pierwotne słowiańskie *nemьcь oznaczające ‘człowieka niemego’, następnie człowieka narodowości niemieckiej, w połabskim zaczęło oznaczać ‘młodzieńca należącego do stanu wyższego niż chłopski’. Badaczka stwierdza, że Słowińcy, podobnie jak inne grupy Słowian, poczucie tożsamości grupowej opierali na tożsamości językowej. Zauważa jednak, że Słowińcy w odróżnieniu od Połabian mieli świadomość obecności od wschodu pobratymców Kaszubów. Oddzielenie bagnami od kaszubskiego zaplecza powodowało, że ludność słowińska była skazana na bytowanie w zamkniętym kręgu własnej kultury. Specyficzne elementy tej kultury (uprawiane z pokolenia na pokolenie rybołówstwo) najsilniej opierały się germanizacji (np. słownictwo rybołówcze zachowało się najdłużej w obcym otoku językowym). Dialekt słowiński w miarę postępującej germanizacji stawał się językiem zawodowym rybaków, do których zacieśniał się malejący krąg „swoich”.
EN
The author investigates linguistic manifestations of self-identification of the now extinct communities of Polabian Drevani and Pomeranian Slovincians. The analysis is based on the Etymological Dictionary of the Language of Polabian Drevani (containing all the preserved lexical items of the language) and accounts elicited from Slovincians in the second half of the 19th century. On the basis of Polabian lexis, the author concludes that the original division into US and THEM, based on ethnic or linguistic distinctions, was transferred to the social domain (the criteria of social status, wealth, profession etc.). For example, the Slavic *nemьcь ‘mute person’, then ‘a German’, began to denote a young man of a social status higher than that of a peasant. Slovincians, similarly to other Slavs, based their feeling of collective identity on linguistic identity. However, in contrast to Polabians, Slovincians were aware of the presence of Kashubians, fellow Slavs, to their east. Being separated from them by marshland, Slovincians were destined to live within their own culture. Characteristics of that culture, such as fishing methods, were resistant to German influences for a long time (e.g. the original lexis of fishing was preserved the longest). With encroaching Germanization, Slovincian was reduced to a fishing jargon, the circle of US becoming progressively more and more limited to fishermen.
DE
Der Artikel enthält das Abstract ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.
EN
The focus of the paper is the analysis of translators’ identities as expressed in Polish-to-English and English-to-Polish translations understood in terms of informed choices from spaces of meanings. The first part of the paper deals with the relation of approximate correspondences between thought and reality on the one hand, and between thought, image, linguistic system and cultural emotional type on the other.  The concept of semantic approximation in communication, introduced in Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk (2010, 2012) is shown to be conditioned by cognitive categorization problems of the language user, as well as a conscious  choice of the syntactic structure and meanings in discourse. The conscious choices from meaning spaces are motivated by the translator’s subjective intentions, as well as constraints imposed by the Target Language systems (displaced equivalence patterns), limitation on the translator’s linguistic repertory  and by Source Culture and Target Culture models and conventions. In the second part the study an interpretation is proposed of semantic and cultural SL and TL similarities, meaning displacement and reconceptualization in monolingual and intercultural communication and translation to account for the translator’s linguistic and cultural identity dynamics, with a varying emotional message. It is illustrated by examples of Polish-to-English and English-to-Polish translations.
FR
L'article contient uniquement le résumé en anglais.
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