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Jungmann’s Slovesnost as Genre Theory This study considers Jungmann’s Slovesnost (‘Belles-lettres’; 1820) as a comprehensive theory of literary genres, examining the work on its own merits but also as part of the contemporary discussion on genre theory. Attention is also given to the development of this discussion in the 18th century, particularly in the German-language context at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. Jungmann’s work on genre is presented as an independent contribution to contemporary thinking in the field, covering a number of aspects of genre theory: linguistic, hierarchical, historical, intermedial, and modal.
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Neklid transcendence : žánry Václava Havla

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The question of how the diverse forms that comprise Václav Havel’s oeuvre cohere has not yet been raised, or to be more precise, Havel’s genre shifting has been understood up until now in an unproblematic way. In spite of the evident thematic continuity across the genres, we tend to reduce Havel’s cross-genre productivity merely to some kind of formal “exercise”. The aim of this article is to provide an outline of the genres that were of defining importance in Havel’s oeuvre. After this outline, I deal with features of form and orientation shared across the genres. I then demonstrate that in Havel’s case it is not just a matter of genre crossing, but of the need to continually redefine the established rules of almost all the genres in which he engaged. From this we can conclude that Havel’s “restlessness of transcendence” was manifested at multiple levels in his work. The article concludes by considering the consequences of this approach for understanding or reading Havel’s work, as well as for the way that we understand and “read” ourselves.
CS
Otázka, jak do sebe různé podoby díla Václava Havla navzájem zapadají, nebyla doposud vznesena, nebo – přesněji řečeno – Havlovy proměny žánrů byly dosud chápány v zásadě neproblematicky. Navzdory zjevné tematické kontinuitě máme tendenci redukovat pestrost Havlových žánrů na jakási pouhá formální „cvičení“. Cílem tohoto příspěvku je poskytnout určitý náčrt žánrů, které byly pro Havlovu tvorbu určující. Po nástinu žánrů se zabývám společnými rysy, pokud jde o formu a zaměření napříč žánry. Přitom ukazuji, že v Havlově případě nejde o pouhé střídání žánrů, ale o potřebu neustále nově vymezovat zavedené postupy téměř všech žánrů, kterým se věnoval. Z toho můžeme vyvodit, že se Havlův „neklid transcendence“ projevoval na více úrovních jeho díla. Závěrem je úvaha o důsledcích tohoto přístupu pro porozumění Havlu dílu, jakož i obecně pro způsob, jakým rozumíme sami sobě.
EN
The article deals with versified works of Viktor Dyk from the pre-war period (1897–1914) written in iambic pentameter. It analyses the relationship between the texts’ genre (lyric, satire, drama) and their rhythmic features (frequencies of stressing the line-initial and line-final syllables, frequencies of enjambment). The article concludes that Dyk’s lyric poems as well as his drama tend to employ features generally perceived as more literary compared to his satire.
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