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EN
As part of a relatively new notion - “queering Holocaust studies” - the article deals with the issue of nonheteronormative forms of sexuality among Polish male former concentration camp prisoners. The analysis of selected excerpts from Mieczysław Karwacki’s book Życie wśród śmierci [lit. Life among death] (1999) is conducted with the use of the queer category as well as scholarly reflection on the topic of wartime sexuality. This strategy shows how crucial transgressive themes (concerning the homo- and heterosexual experiences of the author, touching upon his physicality and masculinity) are for the book, and how the author challenges the constraining, binary division into “female” and “male” topics of concentration camp literature. A queer reading of the book by Karwacki - someone hitherto anonymous, unknown to both readers and researchers - reveals the need to split open the martyrological, heteronormative model of war memoirs and to incorporate this kind of content into concentration-camp discourse in Poland.
EN
For a long time after 1945 there was no institution in Europe that would create a European forum for an ideological and intellectual exchange. There was no international tribunal to which one could appeal from unjust judgments and wrong political decisions. The Nuremberg Tribunal certainly did not play such a role. Therefore, the enormity of the crimes committed in Poland could not be submitted as a complaint or an appeal directly to an institution representing the international public opinion. As a result, Polish martyrdom — a gigantic sacrifice of the population of the capital city during the Warsaw Uprising — was ideologically managed more or less successfully by socialist humanism. Infatuationwith the Marxist ideology and fear for the inviolability of borders prevented people from noticing that Germany of the 1950s and 1960s was not only an imperialist peril and hotbed of revisionism, but also a European state seeking integration with other European countries, a state with a vision of common supranational European values. The prison and concentration camp literature in communist Poland was a very specific phenomenon. The sheer number of works by authors little known in the world of literature makes us think about the political context of using these texts.
EN
The aim of the article is to present the typescript of the novella entitled “Naj-większa chwała” along its released version, published under the title “Wigilia w kacecie”. Its author, Fr. Hubert Lach, was a former inmate of the Auschwitz and Mauthausen concentration camps. The author of the study came upon the typescript and the other documents of Fr. Hubert Lach discussed in the text entirely by coincidence while searching the Theological Library of the Univer­sity of Silesia in 2018. The novella, modified and condensed, was published in the 2010 collection “Camp novellas”. Taking into account the historical con­text, the author of the article analysed and interpreted the text of the novella, arguing that Fr. Hubert Lach founded the narrative of his numerous works on the letter as a genre of applied literature. The article presents the biographical note of Fr. Hubert Lach and his accomplishments as a writer without providing a critical scientific appraisal of his literature. The focus was placed particularly on the meaning of suffering and the mechanisms of defence against total en­slavement as important themes explored in the novella.
PL
Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie maszynopisu noweli, zatytułowa­nego Największa chwała, oraz jej wersji opublikowanej, która przyjęła tytuł Wigilia w kacecie, autorstwa ks. Huberta Lacha, byłego więźnia obozów koncentracyjnych Auschwitz i Mauthausen. Na maszynopis oraz inne dokumenty ks. Huberta Lacha, które zostały w tekście omó­wione, autorka opracowania natrafiła przypadkowo, podczas kwerendy w Bibliotece Teologicznej Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w 2018 r. Zmody­fikowana, przede wszystkim zaś skrócona, wersja noweli została opu­blikowana w 2010 r. w zbiorze Nowele obozowe. Autorka artykułu, uwzględniając kontekst historyczny, poddała analizie i interpretacji tekst noweli, stawiając tezę, że list, jako gatunek literatury użytko­wej, stał się dla ks. Huberta Lacha fundamentem, na którym budował narrację swoich licznych utworów. W artykule przybliżono biografię ks. Huberta Lacha oraz jego dorobek pisarski, który nie był naukowo oceniany. Szczególny namysł podjęto nad zagadnieniem związanym z sensem cierpienia i przedstawionymi w noweli mechanizmami obrony przed zniewoleniem totalnym.
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