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Tourist development between security and terrorism: empirical evidence from Europe and the United States

100%

Stankova M., Tsvetkov T., Ivanova L.

Oeconomia Copernicana

2019

vol. 10

issue 2

219-237

Research background: Today's world is torn between extreme conservatism and duality, in opposition, trying to break the classical framework of freedom in the movement of people. In the context of complex global relations, this impulse, especially related to the travels for tourism purposes, raises new issues concerning the safety and security. The tourism industry has a priority for the economic development of many countries in the world and is a large source of export earnings and, at the same time, an important factor in the balance of payments of a significant part of the national economies in the world. The growing importance of the tourism industry, however, puts tourist destinations worldwide at the forefront of new challenges, one of which is terrorism. In this environment, new relationships are emerging and this reflects on the development strategies, as well as on the financial outcomes of tourism industry which are also largely affected. Purpose of the article: Respecting the new realities, the study explores the link between the risk of terrorism and the revenues from international tourism. Its main purpose is to investigate the impact of terrorism on the financial revenues from tourism in the European countries and the United States. The research is deter-mined by the perception that the financial flows from the international tourism are the quantitative manifestation of the hidden effects of the terrorism. Methods: The research method includes a regression cross-section analysis and Granger Causality test. The survey is panel and includes 37 countries from Europe tourism region and the United States from Americas' tourism region (according UNWTO) for the period 2012?2017. Findings & Value added: In conclusion, the effects of terrorism on the studied regions have been summarized, establishing dependence between terrorism and tourism, which illustrates a specific creative-destructive reflections of terrorism on tourism with regions particularities.

Niepewność w zarządzaniu zasobami naturalnymi w kontekście instytucjonalnym

63%

Kuźniewski K.

Rocznik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego

2013

vol. 5

s. 253-266

Niniejszy artykuł analizuje współczesne i klasyczne badania nad niepewnością w zarządzaniu zasobami naturalnymi, skupiając się na kontekście instytucjonalnym. Ten, wydawać by się mogło, niszowy temat badawczy okazuje się bardzo trudny do jednoznacznego sklasyfikowania i ewoluuje już od ponad stu lat. Szybko zmieniająca się struktura otoczenia oraz działających w nim instytucji czyni globalne i lokalne zarządzanie zasobami naturalnymi coraz trudniejszym. Autor przedstawia w tym artykule pełne spektrum tego tematu, istniejące badania, interpretacje oraz nowe wyzwania. Wyjaśnia również ich genezę i występujące pomiędzy nimi współzależności. Na końcu przedstawione zostają wnioski i spostrzeżenia.

This article examines the contemporary and the classic studies on uncertainty in the management of natural resources, focusing on the institutional context. This seemingly niche research turns out to be very difficult to be clearly classified, it has been evolving for over a hundred years. Rapidly changing structure of environment and its institutions makes global and local natural resource management increasingly difficult. The author presents in this article the full spectrum of the subject, existing studies, interpretations, and new challenges. It also explains the origins and interdependence existing between them. Finally, conclusions and observations are presented.

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1 Oeconomia Copernicana

1 Rocznik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego

1 Ivanova L.

1 Kuźniewski K.

1 Stankova M.

1 Tsvetkov T.

1 2019

1 2013

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Tourist development between security and terrorism: empirical evidence from Europe and the United States

Niepewność w zarządzaniu zasobami naturalnymi w kontekście instytucjonalnym