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EN
Revisions of achievements of empirical studies in cartography focused on describing main research themes and diagnosing challenges to be approached. Intriguingly, there is no analysis of maps used as a stimuli in these experiments. In order to fill existing scarcity, this paper presents the analysis of the content of four journals affiliated by the International Cartographic Association. Four features (map medium, reactiveness, method of cartographic presentation, users familiarity with the depicted data) are described based on 103 papers presenting empirical studies. Types of maps were identified in scope of every feature. Most frequently used ones are displayed on the screen, non-interactive, depicting qualitative data and area unfamiliar for the participant of the study.
EN
Nowadays a lot of people are trying to make maps, and especially digital maps. A wide range of computer tools and high graphic capabilities have together made maps increasingly popular and seemingly easy to prepare for any person who can use a computer. It seems necessary to verify the bases of the cartographic presentation methods. There is a need for a new, formalized view of the method as a sequence of steps from data collection, to correct presentation, to map. Two terms related to cartographic presentation should be distinguished in this article: “methods” and “forms.” A method is understood as the process by which data is transformed into a presentation. A form is understood as the end result of this process, i.e. the resulting graphical image or map. In the article five types of cartographic presentation are indicated. In the successive types, one can observe an increasing degree of complexity of cartographic presentation.
EN
Recent studies of the biographical identity of man go back to the concept of memory as the foundation of self-determination of an individual. Less attention is paid to social memory. Memory is rooted in a particular space. The more heterogeneous the space is (e.g. urban space), the greater diversity of memories it implies. Modern space becomes a manual for memory, focused on identifying, through space, locations in reminiscence. This article attempts to describe the role of space in the study of social memory. Emphasis is put on the research process, especially the interview which uses photographs and maps.
EN
This article utilizes a map as an interpretative tool for Eugeniusz Tkaczyszyn-Dycki poetry. His works are interpreted through his biography and through geographic locations in Lubaczów region. His poetry further becomes a register of the space experienced by the poet.
5
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Między dwoma brzegami tęczy

88%
EN
This essay, inspired by Elżbieta Rybicka’s book, demonstrates the significance of geopoetics, especially in the broader context of literary and urban culture. Of special attention here are literary and cultural practices which unite cultural study and literary analysis.
EN
Sweetland is a fictional record of the resettlement of a fishing town in Newfoundland due to a fishing crisis caused by a cod moratorium. The main character, Moses Sweetland, refuses to leave his home island and by feigning his own death manages to stay behind when all other inhabitants depart. The article focuses on the transformations that the deserted island undergoes, with special focus on Gothic elements, the motif of the map and Pierre Nora’s concept of lieu de m´emoire.
7
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The First Map of Slovenia

87%
PL
The first map of Slovenia was published only in 1861; it was the work of Peter Kozler, Slovenian lawyer and self-taught cartographer. If we analyze it in context of contemporary cartography, its novelty appears clearly. Kozler’s map was based on the principle of ethnicity, and not on a historical and juridical tradition of the Habsburg lands as it was the usage. The border of Slovenian territory crossed historical provinces. The map is presented in the paper as a visual realization of the principles of United Slovenia (Zedinjena Slovenija), first Slovenian political movement in 1848, which claimed unity and autonomy of the Slovenian nation. The performative and constructivist character of the document is strengthened, as far as it didn’t describe an existing state of matters, but was rather postulating a non-existing yet political entity of Slovenes. Thus, the form and function of the map, on the example of Kozler’s one, seem support a political idea of Slovenian national emancipation.
RU
Данная статья представляет собой попытку прочесть работу Михала Ксёнжекa Jakuck. Słownik miejsca с постколониальной точки зрения. В ней обсуждаются такие вопросы, как: отношение господства и подчинения колонизатора колонизируемым, феномен переноса следов якутской культуры в место, где она может безопасно сохраниться, использование карты как инструмента, с помощью которого Ксёнзек возвращает якутам исторически принадлежащие им территории. В статье также комментируется обвинение в том, что Ксёнзек осуществляет „метафорическую колонизацию”.
PL
Artykuł jest próbą odczytania utwór Michała Książa pt. Jakuck. Słownik miejsca z perspektywy postkolonialnej. Zostają tu omówione takie kwestie jak: relacja dominacji i podporzadkowania kolonizatora wobec skolonizowanego, zjawisko przenoszenia śladów kultury jakuckiej do miejsca, gdzie może bezpiecznie przetrwać, użycie mapy jako narzędzia, za pomocą którego Książek oddaje Jakutom pod władanie terytoria historycznie im przynależne. W artykule znajdują się też komentarz wobec zarzutu o dokonywanie przez Książka „metaforycznej kolonizacji”.
EN
The article is an attempt to read a book by Michał Książek from a postcolonial perspective. It discusses such issues as: the relationship of domination and subordination of the colonizer to the colonized, the phenomenon of transferring traces of Yakut culture to a place where it can safely survive, the use of the map as a tool which gives the Yakutians control over territories that historically belong to them. The article also comments on the accusation that its author carries out “metaphorical colonization.”
EN
The text focuses on the possibilities offered by a spatial perspective for the study, teaching, and sharing of experiences with state socialism. The authors offer an insight into the concept developed during the creation of an interactive map. The map aims to visualize the Communist Party’s attempt to interpret Czechoslovak history in the public environment. The relics of its cultural policy in the current public sphere present opportunities for the use of the map in education.
10
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Broumy a pomístní jména

75%
EN
In this paper, we discuss minor place-names of the Broumy villages and especially their usage in various social groups and changes of names over time. First, we introduce conditions for the collection and retrieval of the respondents, then we highlight on the basis of material obtained, some specific phenomena, whether in the form of specific language name, or depending on the individual speakers. The analysis of these names use the older sources, Teresian land-register and the collection of minor place-names from the territory of Bohemia deposited in the Department of Onomastics of the Institute of the Czech Language ASCR and the Czech Language Atlas.
EN
The reading, analysis and interpretation of the contour line picture is causing pupils quite a lot of problems. They result above all from lack of abilities of getting the third dimension out of the two-dimensional plain. On the one side different perceptual predisposition of pupils affects such a state of affairs, on the other – insufficient methodological base, mainly in the form of interesting, attractive, inspiring and modern teaching tools. SandBOX seems to be a reply to this demand. SandBOX is a multimedia tool for generating and showing the picture of colorful map-contour line on the freely formed, interactive model of sand. The user immediately is seeing the threedimensional space created by himself in the form of colorful hypsometric map. This device can easily help understand the process of mapping and reading information about the terrain on the hypsometric map.
PL
Czytanie, analiza i interpretacja rysunku poziomicowego nastręcza uczniom sporo trudności. Wynikają one przede wszystkim z braku umiejętności widzenia, a raczej wydobycia trzeciego wymiaru z płaszczyzny dwuwymiarowej. Tę zdolność trudno jednak rozwinąć bez zaangażowania wyobraźni przestrzennej, którą nie wszyscy uczniowie mają opanowaną w zadawalającym stopniu. Na taki stan rzeczy z jednej strony wpływa różna predyspozycja percepcyjna uczniów (czynniki wewnętrzne), a z drugiej – niedostateczne zaplecze metodyczne, m.in. w postaci ciekawych, inspirujących, atrakcyjnych i nowoczesnych pomocy dydaktycznych (czynniki zewnętrzne). Odpowiedzią na powyższe zapotrzebowanie wydaje się być „sandBOX”. „SandBOX” to multimedialne narzędzie do generowania i wyświetlania rysunku hipsometrycznego na dowolnie formowanym, interaktywnym modelu z piachu. Użytkownik (tu: uczeń i/lub nauczyciel), bawiąc się w piaskownicy w „rzeźbiarza terenu” natychmiast otrzymuje w wykreowanej przez siebie przestrzeni trójwymiarowej informację zwrotną w postaci układu poziomic zaopatrzonych w barwy. Rozwiązanie to w sposób prosty i przejrzysty wspomagać może niezmiernie trudny proces wprowadzania i etapowego kształtowania pojęcia poziomicy.
PL
The main purpose of the article is to try and locate the meeting points, but also the substantial discrepancies developed in the course of history, the aesthetics which devises its own notion of landscape and the empirical sciences, humanist geography in particular, which resorts to a broader understanding, incorporating it into the notion of environment. By drawing upon the Renaissance idea of landscape, I point to three factors: landscape painting along with the perspective, theatre and the development of cartography, which significantly contributed to the evolution of an aesthetic notion of landscape. The environmental aesthetics may however play a conciliatory role between the traditional, aesthetic presentation and the standpoint of humanist geography, if one takes into account the assumptions of the latter in terms of shaping the renewed cultural notion of landscape.
PL
W artykule omówiona została jedna z form prezentacji kartograficznej – kartograficzna anamorfoza powierzchni. Jest to nietypowy sposób prezentacji danych statystycznych, w którym powierzchnia poszczególnych jednostek przestrzennych jest proporcjonalna do wartości zjawiska. Ze względu na swoją specyfikę, anamorfoza powierzchni jest ciekawym sposobem na graficzną prezentację zjawisk, w szczególności dotyczących problemów demograficznych i gospodarczych świata. W artykule zaprezentowane zostały możliwości wykorzystania anamorfoz powierzchni w nauczaniu geografii w gimnazjach i szkołach ponadgimnazjalnych.
EN
An issue discussed in the article is value-by-area cartogram, one of the cartographic presentation forms. It is a unique way of presenting statistical data, in which the surface of the individual spatial units is proportional to the value of the phenomenon. Due to its specificity, value-by-area cartogram is an interesting way of graphical representation of phenomena, in particular the demographic and economic problems of the world. The article presents the possibility of using this kind of cartogram in teaching geography in secondary and high schools.
14
63%
EN
This article examines the imagination and representation of space in everyday life from the perspective of social geography. Drawing on cultural theory, the article presents space as a multifaceted entity that is perceived, constructed, and reproduced through everyday praxis. It stresses on the situatedness and contextuality of the perception, construction, and representation of spatial categories and relations. To this end, three dimensions of space are discussed: (i) the representation of space in map form, one possible version of which is the concept of the route, founded on a topological representation of space; (ii) the scalar dimension of space, which involves the scaled representation of everyday space and the various socially, economically, and culturally determined scalar levels on which everyday experience occurs; (iii) the dimension of spatial continuity, which the authors discuss in conjunction with reflections on the ways in which space is represented, and next to the notion of space as an omnidirectional continuous medium they introduce a concept in which space is understood as a series of separate, meaningful entities integrated through mobile technologies to form a time-space network. This theoretical discussion is accompanied by an empirical section that draws on the spatial experiences of five users of power wheelchairs to describe examples of technologically and culturally conditioned imaginations of space.
16
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Literature and Geography

62%
Porównania
|
2020
|
vol. 27
|
issue 2
143-166
PL
Artykuł stanowi propozycję potraktowania literatury jako matrycy wyobraźni zbiorowej. Podstawą omówienia jest proza polska okresu 1986–2016, a teza główna mówi, że kultura polska dotarła do krańców wyobraźni geograficznej. Jest to rezultatem wyprowadzki z dotychczasowych większych całości, do których Polska należała bądź do których dążyła (osłabienie obecności w Unii Europejskiej, zniknięcie Europy Środkowej, zahamowanie procesu orientowania się na skandynawski model państwa i kultury obywatelskiej, kryzys w stosunkach z Litwą, Białorusią i Ukrainą). Osłabianie bądź zrywanie więzi z państwami sąsiedzkimi prowadzi do czterostronnej izolacji – czyli wspomnianych krańców wyobraźni geograficznej. Wyjście z impasu byłoby możliwe pod warunkiem wypracowania nowych narracji łączących Polskę z kulturami sąsiedzkimi i osadzających nasz kraj na europejskiej mapie.
EN
This article proposes to treat literature as a template of the collective imagination. The basis for discussion is Polish prose from 1986–2016, with the main thesis being that Polish culture has reached the limits of geographical imagination. This is the result of Poland withdrawing from the larger structures to which it once belonged or to which it aspired (its diminishing presence in the European Union, the disappearance of Central Europe, delayed efforts to pursue the Scandinavian model of the state and civic culture, the destruction of relations with Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine). Weakening or breaking ties with neighboring countries has led to isolation from all four sides. In order to get out of this impasse, it is necessary to develop new narratives that would link Poland with the neighboring cultures and would once again put our country back on the European map.  
17
62%
EN
This critical essay is devoted to Franco Moratti’s book Graphs, Maps, Trees: Abstract Models for a Literary History, whose Polish translation came out in 2016. Its critical focus rests mainly on the first figure of the triad proposed in the title, and assesses the Stanford comparativist’s strategy for carrying over methodologies from the empirical sciences to the study of literature. The essay’s commentary provides an opportunity to interrogate contemporary links between the humanities and the hard sciences. These reflections ultimately prompt us to question this division and, following in Moretti’s footsteps, help us unearth new approaches to literary studies that take their cue from the discursive practices of the hard sciences. This essay does not take as its point of reference the experimental approach that Moretti proposes, but instead an approach of creative experimentation - provoking an attitude of openness and the impulse to cultivate new, counter-intuitive methods for revisiting classical philological concepts.
PL
Szkic krytyczny poświęcony przełożonej na język polski w 2016 roku książce Franca Morettiego Wykresy, mapy, drzewa. Abstrakcyjne modele na potrzeby historii literatury. Krytyczny ogląd koncentruje się przede wszystkim wokół pierwszego członu tytułowej triady i poddaje pod rozwagę sposób zaaplikowania metodologii nauk empirycznych do badania literatury, który zaproponował komparatysta z Uniwersytetu Stanforda. Prowadzone rozważania stają się okazją do postawienia pytania o dzisiejsze relacje między naukami humanistycznymi i ścisłymi. Odpowiedź na nie prowadzi ostatecznie do zakwestionowania owego podziału i, idąc w ślad za propozycją Morettiego, sprzyja wyłonieniu się nowego, zainspirowanego dyskursywnymi praktykami nauk ścisłych podejścia w badaniach literackich. Nie ma tu jednak mowy o podejściu eksperymentalnym, jak sugerował włoski badacz, a raczej eksperymentatorskim – propagującym kreatywność, otwartość i poszukiwanie nowych, zaskakujących metod, omawiania klasycznych, filologicznych zagadnień.
EN
Among the graphic representations found in the books are maps. One type of print in which they also appear are religious schematisms (directories). Schematisms (lat. schematismus, elenchus, catalogue) are official lists of the clergy of a particular ecclesiastical administration unit (diocese, religious province). Despite the popularity that religious directories gained in the first half of the nineteenth century, it is only from the second to third decade of the twentieth century that we can speak of the maps included in them. In order to show the variety of representations, this article discusses some of the maps from religious schematisms stored in one of the largest collections of this type of prints in Europe, and thus in the world, namely in the University Library of the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (BU KUL). The subject of the analysis was cartographic representations, their content, and forms of their production on the example of religious prints from the region of Central and Eastern Europe.
EN
Among the graphic representations found in books are maps. One type of print in which they also appear are religious schematisms (directories). Schematisms (lat. schematismus, elenchus, catalog) are official lists of the clergy of a particular ecclesiastical administration unit (diocese, religious province). Despite the popularity that religious directories gained in the first half of the 19th century, it is only from the second to third decade of the 20th century that we can speak of the maps included in them. In order to show the variety of representations, this article discusses some of the maps from religious schematisms stored in one of the largest collections of this type of prints in the world, namely in the University Library of the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (BU KUL). The subject of the analysis was cartographic representations, their content and forms of their production on the example of religious prints from the region of Central and Eastern Europe.
Gwary Dziś
|
2021
|
vol. 14
277-288
EN
The issue under discussion concerns the methodological issues pertaining to the cognitive and scientific values of an entry in a dialect dictionary, viewed from the point of view of practical usefulness of dialectal, regional and local dictionaries and their practicality in a dialogue between generations and in the region’s promotion. The essence of the dictionary entry is the number and arrangement of its components, their representativeness and ability to exert influence; the dictionary contains also maps and illustrations, until recently reserved for other kinds of publications. In general, maps and illustrations should be part of an entry, providing geographic information, allowing at the same time to locate a lexeme in a region’s dialect structure and to arrive at its multifaceted visualisations. Keeping in mind its practicality, an entry should be provided with contextual information, using standardised and uniform spelling; it should also include the phonetic, morphological and syntactic peculiarities of a regional dialect. The qualifiers should point to the socially-determined status of a lexeme and form the basis for an entry’s interpretation in its chronological, social, cultural and civilisation-related dimensions.
PL
Przedmiotem rozważań są problemy metodologiczne związane z wartością naukową i poznawczą hasła słownikowego, rozpatrywane w aspekcie praktycznej użyteczności słowników gwarowych regionalnych i lokalnych oraz ich przydatności w dialogu pokoleń i promocji regionu. Istotą hasła słownikowego jest zarówno liczba i układ poszczególnych jego segmentów składowych, ich reprezentatywność i możliwość oddziaływania, jak i włączenie do słownika mapy i ilustracji, zarezerwowanych jeszcze do niedawna dla innych publikacji. Mapa i ilustracja powinny zostać wkomponowane w hasło, zgodnie z założeniem pozwalającym na pełne wykorzystanie informacji geograficznych, a jednocześnie na uchwycenie miejsca danego leksemu w strukturze gwarowej regionu z wszechstronną wizualizacją desygnatu.
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