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1

Liberalization without a Regulator. The Rail Freight Transport Market in Poland in the Years 1996-2009

100%

Król M.

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

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2010

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vol. 3(3)

165-178

EN

This article focuses on the liberalization process of the railway freight transport market in Poland between 1997 and 2009. It shows that the increase in traffic and the fall in prices that occurred in this period took place not because of ‘effective regulation’ but despite its absence. This can indicate that introducing competition in railway freight transport could be profitable where there is significant demand for bulk and containers freight services and the railway infrastructure is well-developed.

FR

L’article se concentre sur le processus de libéralisation du marche de transport ferroviaire de fret en Pologne dans les années 1997-2009. Il montre que l’augmentation du trafic et la baisse des prix dans cette période, n’ont pas eu lieu à cause de la “régulation efficace”, mais malgré son absence. Cela peut indiquer que l’introduction de la concurrence dans le transport ferroviaire de fret pourra être profitable s’il y a de la demande pour les services du trafic en vrac et par conteneur et si l’infrastructure ferroviaire est bien-developpée.

2

Need for Competition Law – Discussing the Case of Georgia

75%

Gvelesiani Z.

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

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2015

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vol. 8(11)

13-34

EN

The article deals with the question whether the market needs to be regulated and if competition law is a desirable regulatory instrument for developing countries such as Georgia. This issue is not merely theoretical in nature, but reflects Georgia’s actual developments throughout the last decade when the country first repelled its existing antimonopoly law, since it was seen as unnecessary and hindering economic development, and yet later reintroduced it once again. For years Georgia was not regulating its market and, as the newly set up Competition Agency is starting to take its first steps, the question of the rationality for pro-competitive state intervention raises again. The chosen jurisdiction is unique for its unusual development path and history. It is even more special because of this particular point in time, witnessing the birth-phase of yet another competition law jurisdiction and the launching of its competition law enforcement authority. The article is dedicated to questions which are widely disputed in society, among politicians, in the media, within the local NGO sector etc. However, the academic community has not yet written much about them. This paper aims to fill this gap and encourage further academic discussion on this topic. Due to the limited number of academic sources and case-law in this field, a variety of sources has been used in this paper including: dissertations, reports of international organizations and local NGOs, personal interviews, blogs and so forth. The article is divided into sections. It starts by reviewing the evolution of competition law in Georgia and demonstrates its illogical development pattern. It moves on to outline the background and motivations present in Georgia at moments when breakthrough decisions were taken regarding its competition law regime. The article describes and analyses processes that took place on the un-regulated Georgian market in the last ten years. Based on the findings, it researches the question of the desirability of competition law, that is, whether Georgian market needs such state intervention, and what are the main challenges facing the effective enforcement of its recently adopted competition law.

3

Proces utraty pozycji monopolistycznej przez Pocztę Polską

75%

Modliński A., Wadlewski A.

Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne

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2015

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vol. XCVII

291-302

PL

Celem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie przyczyny posiadania przez Pocztę Polską uprzywilejowanej pozycji rynkowej oraz wskazanie determinantów, które przyczyniły się do jej stopniowej utraty. Autorzy, wykorzystując zasoby internetowe w postaci artykułów prasowych, komentarzy oraz relacji dokonali próby charakterystyki procesu liberalizacji na polskim rynku usług pocztowych. Następnie przedstawiona została analiza porównawcza skutków takich działań z wykorzystaniem niemieckiego DHL, francuskiej La Poste oraz brytyjskiego Royal Mail. W opracowaniu uwzględnia się przyczyny organizacyjno-prawne i konkurencyjno-technologiczne jako główne czynniki, które doprowadziły do liberalizacji rynku usług pocztowych w Polsce. Wykorzystanie aktów prawnych i danych z raportów zagranicznych spółek pocztowych pozwala zrozumieć sam proces liberalizacji rynku w tym obszarze i porównać go z analogicznymi zjawiskami w innych krajach.

EN

The main goal of the article is to point out the factors which have contributed to the monopoly position of Polish Post in the past and the determinants which has recently brought about its loss. The authors are using such online sources as press articles, comments and reports to characterize the process of Polish postal service market liberalization. Then, there is presented the juxtaposition of the process’ results where Polish Post is compared with German DHL, French – La Poste and British – Royal Mail. In the article, the focal points are the organizational and legal as well as competitive and technological factors which have caused the loss of monopoly position by Polish Post. The use of legal acts and numeric data from the reports of foreign postal companies enable to conceive the process of liberalization in this area and to compare it with analogical phenomenon in other countries.

Refine search results

2 Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

1 Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne

1 Gvelesiani Z.

1 Król M.

1 Modliński A.

1 Wadlewski A.

2 2015

1 2010

Liberalization without a Regulator. The Rail Freight Transport Market in Poland in the Years 1996-2009

Need for Competition Law – Discussing the Case of Georgia

Proces utraty pozycji monopolistycznej przez Pocztę Polską