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1

Moral Theory and Disaster

100%
Bilasová V., Smatanová A.
Human Affairs
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2015
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vol. 26
|
issue 1
43-51
EN
Renewing the deontology tradition of moral obligation requires, especially in relation to catastrophe and disaster, a broader methodological perspective which would enable deontology to transcend its own limits. The demand for pluralistic research approaches brings with challenging requirements that have to be considered when shaping a hybrid moral theory that incorporates a proactive approach. The personalist approach to the individual, based on the principles of integrity, responsibility and solidarity and seeking the wellbeing of a person, may prove inspirational in shaping such a proactive approach.
2
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Dostępność do ambulatoryjnej opieki zdrowotnej na wsi w Polsce. Ujęcie przestrzenno-czasowe

86%
Krawczyk-Sołtys A.
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
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2014
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issue 2(32)
EN
The purpose of this article was to determine changes in the availability of outpatient health care in rural areas in Poland in terms of space-time. Among the subjects of ambulatory care healthcare institutions and medical practices providing health care services exclusively within the framework of public funds were analysed. Summing up the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the availability of health care facilities and medical practices in the country in the investigated period increased. This growth was much slower than in the city, which was particularly evident in the case of health care institutions. Despite the increasing number of these entities per 10 thous. population, their percentage in the country during the period was steadily decreasing. Regional differences in terms of access to outpatient care were also meaningful. In the case of medical practices, the percentage in the country and their number per 10 thous. population was increasing during the period.
PL
Celem artykułu było ustalenie zmian w dostępności do ambulatoryjnej opieki zdrowotnej na wsi w Polsce w ujęciu przestrzenno-czasowym w latach 2000-2011. Wśród podmiotów ambulatoryjnej opieki zdrowotnej analizie poddano zakłady opieki zdrowotnej oraz praktyki lekarskie świadczące usługi zdrowotne wyłącznie ze środków publicznych. Reasumując wyniki analiz, można stwierdzić, że dostępność do zakładów opieki zdrowotnej oraz praktyk lekarskich na wsi w badanym okresie wzrosła. Wzrost ten był jednak znacznie wolniejszy niż w mieście, szczególnie w odniesieniu do zakładów opieki zdrowotnej. Mimo zwiększania się liczby tych podmiotów w przeliczeniu na 10 tys. mieszkańców, stale malał ich udział procentowy na wsi w badanym okresie. Z kolei udział procentowy praktyk lekarskich na wsi oraz liczba na 10 tys. mieszkańców rosła w badanym okresie. Wykazano duże zróżnicowanie regionalne pod względem dostępności do ambulatoryjnej opieki zdrowotnej.
3
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Do workers’ health surveillance examinations fulfill their occupational preventive objective? Analysis of the medical practice of occupational physicians in Catalonia, Spain

86%
Rodríguez-Jareño M. C., Molinero E., de Montserrat J., Vallès A., Aymerich M.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2017
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vol. 30
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issue 6
823-848
EN
Objectives Although routine workers’ health examinations are extensively performed worldwide with important resource allocation, few studies have analyzed their quality. The objective of this study has been to analyze the medical practice of workers’ health examinations in Catalonia (Spain) in terms of its occupational preventive aim. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an online survey addressed to occupational physicians who were members of the Catalan Society of Safety and Occupational Medicine. The questionnaire included factual questions on how they performed health examinations in their usual practice. The bivariate analysis of the answers was performed by type of occupational health service (external/internal). Results The response rate was 57.9% (N = 168), representing 40.3% of the reference population. A high percentage of occupational physicians had important limitations in their current medical practice, including availability of clinical and exposure information, job-specificity of tests, and early detection and appropriate management of suspected occupational diseases. The situation in external occupational health services – that covered the great majority of Catalan employees – was worse remarkably in regard to knowledge of occupational and nonoccupational sickness absence data, participation in the investigation of occupational injuries and diseases, and accessibility for workers to the occupational health service. Conclusions This study raises serious concerns about the occupational preventive usefulness of these health examinations, and subsequently about our health surveillance system, based primarily on them. Professionals alongside health and safety institutions and stakeholders should promote the rationalization of this system, following the technical criteria of need, relevance, scientific validity and effectiveness, whilst ensuring that its ultimate goal of improving the health and safety of workers in relation to work is fulfilled. Other countries with similar surveillance systems might be encouraged by our results to assess how their practices fit the intended purpose. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6):823–848
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