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EN
The article presents the results of the research on the private book collection of J.I. Kraszewski whose historical novels were inseparably related to his gathering-antiquarian and scholarly editorial interests. The writer possessed a perfectly organized research workshop in the form of a rich and large library. It consisted of 10 233 items that included 14 389 volumes, 2 300 of which concerned the history of Poland. The analysis of historical novels allows for stating that while working on such books, Kraszewski used numerous sources and historical studies. He focused on sketching the background of the depicted epoch, presenting authenticcharacters and events. He paid less attention to purely romantic, fictitious elements that were the figments of imagination. His behaviour was in accordance with his theoretical views on historical novel. Kraszewski paid special attention to chronicles. The article presents the results of an analysis of one of the chronicles, namely the Chronicle written by a German prior, later a Merserburg bishop, Thietmar, which was written in the years 1012–1018 and a historical novel by Kraszewski Lubonie (1876). In the book, the author described the reign of Mieszko I, and focused on two important events: the attempts of concluding an alliance with Bolko and the issue of christianization of Poland. These events connect two dates: year 965 (arrival of Dubrawka to Poland) and 973 (the death of the Emperor Otto). It was established that the Chronicle by Thietmar provided Kraszewski with factual material that was used for presenting historical episodes, scenes and characters. Similarity of some fragments of the novel to the excerpts from the Thietmar’s chronicle (a few examples are provided) proves that Kraszewski used the chronicle while writing his book.
EN
Author of the study presents, on the basis of the analysis of the modifications of the story on the origins of the Přemyslid dynasty in medieval narrative sources (Legend of Kristián, Chronicle of Kosmas, Old Czech Chronicle of the so called Dalimil, ...) as well as their comparison.
EN
The Rani, a west Slavic tribe based on the island of Rugen, built an empire existing until 12th century. In 1168 Rani were defeated by Danish king Valdemar I, resulting in the conversion of the tribe to Christianity. The Chronica Slavorum by Helmoldus and Gesta Danorum by Saxo Grammaticus are quite commonly quoted sources in the debate concerning Slavic paganism and the attempts of its Christianization. What constitutes high-value Helmoldus’ and Saxo’s works is the fact that the chronicles are an essential and primary sources when it comes to the history of the Polabian tribes – their territories and their neighboring peoples. It is also a vital link in the account of the course of Christianization on the Polabian territory. After the invasion of The Danish king Valdemar I the pagan temple, situated on the island, was destroyed and both the territorial and religious autonomy of the Rani ended. At the tip of Arkona in recent centuries, the cliffs have collapsed into the sea and the chronicles still remain as witnesses of the Slavic history of Rugen.
PL
Rugianie, zachodniosłowiańskie plemię zamieszkujące wyspę Rugię, utrzymali znaczącą, niezależną od ekspansywnych Niemiec i Danii pozycję aż do XII w. Wówczas Rugia została podbita przez duńskiego króla Waldemara, co nieodłącznie wiązało się z przyjęciem przez pogańskich Rugian chrześcijaństwa. Kroniki Helmolda i Saxo Gramatyka są powszechnie cytowanymi źródłami w rozważaniach dotyczących słowiańskiego pogaństwa i procesu chrystianizacji plemion słowiańskich. To, co stanowi o dużej wartości obu kronik, mimo subiektywnych ocen dokonywanych przez samych autorów, to zakres ich wiedzy na temat połabskich plemion, w tym Rugian – ich znaczenia wśród innych Słowian, roli kapłanów, wyglądu czczonego wśród nich bóstwa. Przede wszystkim jednak kronikarze szczegółowo opisali podbój Rugii przez Duńczyków, co skutkowało przeorganizowaniem władzy na wyspie i umożliwiło rozwój chrześcijaństwa. Jak dotąd tytułowe kroniki pozostają głównymi świadectwami tych wydarzeń.
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