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Sprachliche Konstruktion positiver und negativer Bilder im politischen Diskurs

100%
Palašić N.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
|
2022
|
issue 21
205-217
EN
The topic of this work relates to the way in which politicians construct mental images with the help of language (better yet: manipulate the audience) by using certain terms in a targeted manner to express the liking for their own side or the public’s dislike for the political opponent to secure. This manipulative use of language can be seen most clearly in the political election campaign, where one can find a number of implicit and explicit persuasive and manipulative utterances. For the purposes of this work, Croatian and Austrian election campaigns were compared, or specific excerpts from the election campaigns, that best present the problem under investigation. In doing so, an attempt is made to point out how language shapes human thinking and how carefully chosen terms and their frequent repetition contribute to the formation of opinions and emphasize the already immanent polarity between the political opponents. In this analysis, the emphasis is placed on discovering which linguistic means the politicians have used in their public appearances in order to activate certain (already existing) mental images in the electorate. An attempt is also made to determine in which election campaign were used more negative statements, i.e. whether it was Croatian or Austrian politicians who set their campaign focus on defamation of the political opponent.
2

ПРО МЕХАНІЗМ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ ПІЗНАВАЛЬНОГОПРОСТОРУ ОСОБИСТОСТІ В ПРОЦЕСІ МИСЛЕННЯ

86%
Тетяна Є., Володимир Н.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
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2017
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issue 3(67)
168-178
EN
The articleis dedicatedto the mechanisms of cognitive process from the viewpoint of neurodynamic concepts. The concept of neurodynamic processes is studying the modes of localization, synchronization, stabilization of metastable chaotic structures in the reticular formation neural network. Such dynamics characterizes the process of the formation of the models of the mental images in a neural network of the brain. The articleuses the assumption that the functional metastable structures in the phase space of the neural network are the model representations of mental images. Each metastable state corresponds to the certain mental image. It is noted that the relaxation process of the system triggers the process of reflection of the metastable structures of the model presentations of the mental images as the functional mod in the cognitive space. The metastable structure of the phase space of states is a model representation of the image. Cognitive space of the model representations of the images is defined as the phase space of the functional mod. The articleargues that functional regime forms the static manifold in the phase space as part of the cognitive space of the memory. The mechanism of the influence of the functional modes on the formation of the model representations is investigated. The articleidentifies the mechanism for creating of the model representations of the image of the chaotic nature of time variation of the parameters of the system. The author believes that the unpredictable mental images in the cognitive space should be interpreted as the elements of metacognition in the processes of students’ thinking. The detailed study of the mechanisms of formation and development of the cognitive space of the memory, as the subsets of the phase states, will give the new impulse in the understanding of approaches to the development of students’ thinking in the process of mathematical and professional training. The emergence of the elements of the metacognition in the processes of thinking stimulates cognitive system of the individual to further development, increasing mathematical and professional culture.
3
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Jasio-Jeżyk braci Grimm i Jeż Katarzyny Kotowskiej jako szkolne lektury. Inny i oswajanie przez miłość

72%
Michułka D.
Filoteknos
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2020
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issue 10
282-306
EN
The article presents comparative analysis of two literary works: Grimm’s Hans My Hedgehog [Hans mein Igel] and Katarzyna Kotowska’s Jeż [Hedgehog] as “otherness” in fairy-tale seems natural and acceptable, the Hans my Hedgehog story constantly instigates new interpretations. Particularly, when it is juxtaposed to other stories that are structured in a similar manner: Grimm’s 19th century fairy tale and Kotowska’s contemporary fairy tale – parable about adopted boy belong to the group of stories with a child protagonist who is half-human and half-animal. The protagonists of both stories are odd and lonely, but only Grimm’s one becomes rejected. From the perspective of psychoanalysis, especially in the view of emotional ambivalence and related “reasons” and “motives” for actions, these two tales may be good examples of child’s confrontation with the basic inner life problems (like adopted child in Kotowska’s story) and illnesses (Hans My Hedgehog). As part of the reader’s identification with the protagonist, they may be helpful in recognizing problems and finding appropriate solutions, may support during the difficult period of adolescence and formation of one’s personality, and may also facilitate positive thinking and self-confidence. Easily discernable in both examples is the process of inner development – the protagonist’s individualisation, – that is equalled to the formation of their personality. Kotowska’s poetic fable about overcoming barriers between a child and its parents corresponds to the image of a happy family, assumes the perspectives of understanding and naming the “Other’s” feelings, and of resolving differences between children and adults. In Grimm’s fairy tale, the plot is based rather on the protagonist’s actions with emphasis on the theme of rejection and re-acceptance. Both tales feature a happy end: the boys – as animal-children – face their “otherness”, are active in their fight for love, which, by losing their spines, they eventually win.
4

ТЕМПОРАЛЬНІ МАСШТАБИ МЕХАНІЗМІВ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ КОГНІТИВНОГО ПРОСТОРУ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

72%
Ємельянова Т., Климова І.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
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2017
|
issue 8(72)
275-284
EN
This article is dedicatedtothe mechanisms of cognitive process from the viewpoint of the concept of neurodynamic systems with involving information about the neurophysiological processes of activity. Understanding cognitive mechanism as the result of nonlinear dynamic processes in a neural network leads to the necessity of introducing a temporal scale of time parameters of activity of the cognitive mechanisms. It is shownthat the functional metastable structures of the dissipative dynamic system are the model representations of mental images. Each mental image corresponds to the metastable structure of the integrated signal with a phase portrait which becomes part of the work space memory and is associated with cognitive space of memory. Phase portrait of the signal in the form of integrated metastable structure appears in the cognitive memory space as the functional mode. Mode saves all the information for reconstructing of the image signal in the “working” memory space. This article is dedicatedto the mechanism of creating model representation of the image-information taking into account the temporal nature of the parameters of the neural network. It is noted that dynamic processes in neural ensembles are characterized by “fast” time scale, but the change of dynamical regimes of neural ensembles is happening in “slow” time scales. Therefore, in the model representation of the signal is formed by multi-scale temporal information, respectively, the functional mode of the cognitive memory space contains “time codes” of the received signal. It is known that in long-time memory information is “lost” or changed so that it becomes “unrecognizable”.The authors offer a hypothesis about the mechanism of transformation in cognitive space memory of the image of signal. Attention is drawn to the need for the further research of the mechanisms of formation and development of cognitive space, since knowledge of these processes will give an impetus to the emergence of new technologies for professional and cultural development of the individual.
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