Search results - CEJSH

1

Метафора в образном строе „Псалтири” (по синодальному переводу)

100%

Sklârevska G. N.

Stylistyka

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2020

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vol. 29

165-177

EN

The article gives a brief understanding of the metaphor within the modern theory of conceptual metaphor, as well as puts forward arguments substantiating semantic, syntactic and structural differences between the metaphor and the comparison. This is indeed important for the study of the figurative system of the Old Testament, since in translation many metaphors are given in the form of comparison. At the root of any metaphor lies the sense of analogy, which makes one look for links between most distant entities and not just between objects of the sensually perceived world, but also between concrete objects and abstract notions. A systematic analysis of the metaphor (based on texts of the modern Russian language) has shown that such links are formed in strictly defined directions. Moreover, they are countable and quite concrete as in the following pairs: object→object; object→man; object→physical world; object→psychic world; object→social world; object→abstraction; animal→man; man→man; physical world→psychic world. The extensive material analyzed in the article demonstrates that the Psalter, with all its semantic and stylistic sophistication and remoteness of biblical notions from modern ones, makes use of the same laws of metaphorization as we do today except for one crucial circumstance: anthropocentricity of the modern times is substituted with theocentrism, thus making the central object of the metaphor not man, as in modern languages, but God: But You, O LORD, are a shield for me; His wrath is kindled; Grace is poured upon Your lips; It is God who arms me with strength; The LORD my God will enlighten my darkness and so on.

2

The Case of Interactive Metaphor

96%

Kiklewicz A.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2011

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vol. 53

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issue 2

35-47

EN

The author analyses the limits of metamorphosis, i.e. possibility of an utterance with idiomatic or non-conventional, disturbing selection requirements of syntagmatic components being considered as metaphorical. The phenomena of metaphor and metonymy are interpreted from the point of view of condensation of surface structure of a sentence, as well as from the point of view of intentional semantics. The author presents elements of metaphor theory as a pragmatic re-codification, treating metaphor as a kind of "multi-vocality" or an intertext.

3

Funkcja semantyczna terminów w postmodernistycznym paradygmacie nauk humanistycznych – szkic problemowy

77%

Woźniak-Wrzesińska E.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2021

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issue 13

347-358

EN

The aim of the article is to consider the meaning (description of semantic function) of terms in the humanities sciences. The author assumes that the terms in scientific texts in the field of humanities should be considered differently from those in natural sciences, and this is primarily due to the specificity of the object of research, which is dealt with by humanists. In the central part of the argument, the characteristics of humanities are presented in relation to the subject of its research, then the characteristics of the term referring to such, and not another, object of research. The author concludes that in the process of searching for the meaning of terms of the humanities sciences, one should first of all refer to the tradition in which the term exists. It turns out that the meaning of the term is not related to its denotation.

4

Embodied Criticism. Theoretical Foundations of Cognitive Poetics

77%

Żukowska K.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2016

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issue 2(112)

102-111

EN

The aim of the paper is to discuss the cognitive approach to metaphor launched by Lakoff and Johnson, which turns out to be also the key question to the problem of intersubjective communicability of literary work. Based on this approach, the literature can simply be considered a kind of language using spatial metaphors with additional emotional content.

5

Diskursmetaphorik und ihre sprachlichen Indikatoren sowie Textmuster im literarischen Diskurs „Ich und Kaminski“ von Daniel Kehlmann

77%

Péter-Szabó R.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2021

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issue 19

449-462

EN

Metaphors were considered the research privilege of literary studies for a long time. However, with the cognitive turn of the 1980s a new approach emerged in modern linguistics, and linguists, for the first time, turned sharply away from the classic rhetorical understanding of metaphor. With Lakoff and Johnson’s cognitive metaphor theory („Metaphors we live by,” 1980), a new linguistic discipline emerged that recognized metaphors as conventionalized linguistic units and even extended their capacity for understanding the human cognition. Although the cognitive approach brought an innovative direction to linguistics, it was viewed critically mainly by discourse linguists, who, unlike cognitive linguists, argued for a contextual interpretation of linguistic metaphors. As a result of the lively critical exchange between the two approaches, the metaphor analysis of the discourse dynamics framework emerged, which examines linguistic metaphors in their discourses in a context-dependent manner and conceptualizes them on the basis of their discourse metaphoricity. This study analyzes metaphors in this discourse metaphorical sense and aims to elaborate discourse metaphoricity of the source domain darkness and to represent the identified discourse metaphoricity with the help of linguistic indicators. In doing so, the paper addresses the so-called gradability of metaphoricity, which, to the best of my knowledge, has not yet been explored in the sense of this study. The paper analyzes discourse metaphors based on the cognitive tension between their source and target domains, answering the following questions: Are the identified metaphors strong and active ones („first-level metaphors”) or linguistically (strongly) conventionalized ones, whereby they unfold their metaphoricity only through discourse dynamics („second-level metaphors”)? By which linguistic indicators do metaphors become noticeable and how are these indicators to be described? Methodological means of the analysis are the metaphor identification method MIPVU with my own study-specific operationalizations, working methods of the discourse dynamics framework and discourse linguistic results on discourse dynamics. The corpus is the German literary text „Ich und Kaminski” by Daniel Kehlmann. As a result of the analysis, it was found that discourse metaphors also manifest below the text surface and are capable of becoming noticeable through a variety of indicators.

6

Sprachliche Krankheitsbilder und emotionale Metaphern bei der Krebserkrankung

77%

Guławska-Gawkowska M.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2020

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issue 18

109-135

EN

Of all present diseases, the most cancer is metaphorized. The ancient name for the disease is already a metaphor that provides a certain frightening picture and awakens strong emotions. The brilliant essay “Illness as a metaphor” of Susan Sontag and the popular science book “The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer” of Siddhartha Mukherjee provides a compilation of metaphors that relates not only to cancer but also to their treatment and beyond to doctors, scientists and patients. These metaphors are presented from the linguistic point of view in this article and analyzed in terms of the long metaphor research, which is not the case in the two sources.

7

“When the Stars are Glittering with Gold up in the Sky...”. Jewellery Metaphors in Descriptions of the Sky Phenomena in Roman Literature

77%

Piętka R.

Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae

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2017

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vol. 27

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issue 3

275-291

EN

The paper traces the use of metaphors and comparisons concerning jewellery in the descriptions of the sky in Roman literature, most of all in poetry. As it is shown in the paper, many of those poetic devices served as a means highlighting the vividness and perfection of the natural sky phenomena. Analysis of jewellery imagery helps also to demonstrate the occurrence of some changes in descriptive conventions and aesthetic attitudes in Roman literature.

8

Karmi, żywi, byt zapewnia. O metaforyzacji ziemi i jej plonów w słownictwie mieszkańców powiatu kłobuckiego związanych z rolnictwem – analiza porównawcza

77%

Falana-Jafra A.

Poradnik Językowy

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2022

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vol. 791

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issue 2

93-102

EN

The aim of the paper is to determine the ways of metaphorising land and its crops by inhabitants of the Kłobuck county associated with agriculture. The metaphor is understood according to the assumptions of the cognitive stream of linguistics, i.e. as a linguistic means of conceptualising reality, and not only as a stylistic means. The analyses are aimed not only at describing the lexical resources of the subjects, but above all at determining the forms of their thinking and acting. One hundred inhabitants of the Kłobuck county took part in the survey. A half of them were between 20 and 40 years old, while the other half were at least 65 years old. The research tool was an interview questionnaire consisting of four questions. The questions were open-ended in order to decode the metaphor of land and its crops. The research made it possible to draw unambiguous conclusions about the conceptual tendencies manifested by both groups of respondents.

9

DNA — księga życia. Jak metafora wpływa na znaczenie wyrazów?

77%

Zawisławska M.

Język a Kultura

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2015

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vol. 25

177-188

EN

The main purpose of the present paper is to describe some chosen metaphors which are used in the field of genetics. In my analysis I use the cognitive definition of a metaphor, which is described in most general way as understanding one conceptual domain in terms of another conceptual domain. I concentrate on the following lexemes: DNA (acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid), gene, genetic, genome. Another problem described in the article is how a particular way of thinking about the DNA and its metaphors affects the understanding of other concepts, which are connected with it directly or indirectly, and therefore also affects the definitions of corresponding lexical items. In the present article I focus on the analysis of the concept of ‘man’.

10

Typology of metaphors with the gustatory target domain in Polish wine discourse

77%

Zawisławska M., Falkowska M.

Crossroads. A Journal of English Studies

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2017

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vol. 17

EN

Although wine culture is quite a new phenomenon in Poland, Polish wine blogs on the Internet are numerous, and a specific wine language is rapidly emerging. The Polish lexical field of taste is rather poor compared to other perceptual fields. It is obvious that the limited lexical repertoire does not suffice to describe such a multidimensional experience as wine tasting. Polish wine discourse is permeated with various kinds of metaphors, starting from basic terms like ciało wina ‘the body of a wine,’ through more creative, but still lexicalised metaphors, e.g. leciutka nuta korkowa ‘a light note of the cork,’ to intricate, elaborated, semi-narrative metaphors, e.g. Tyle innych burgundów z lat 90-tych cierpi na sklerozę i haluksy ‘So many other burgundies from the 1990s suffer from sclerosis and bunions.’ A number of metaphoric wine terms have of course been borrowed from French or English, but there are also many new metaphors, specific for the Polish language and culture. The material for the analysis consists of blog excerpts taken from “Synamet”—a corpus of synesthetic metaphors in Polish. The paper aims at examining taste metaphors that are used in Polish wine blogs and proposing a preliminary typology of metaphors recurring in wine discourse.

11

GAEA- PRINCIPE PASSIF; LA SYMBOLISATION SOCIALE DU MYTHE

77%

Dărăbuş C. C.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2010

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vol. 2

75-91

EN

The paper Gaea – Passive Principle; the Social Symbolization of the Myth observes, in the Naturalistic esthetic context, with realistic nuances, the relationships of the characters with property. The Earth, a strong symbolic presence in universal literature becomes a metaphor of germination, of the opposition with the sky. The Earth structures communities and individual destinies in a circular construction in the novels The Earth by Emile Zola and Ion by Liviu Rebreanu, but then becomes again the primordial chaos. Masculine and feminine principles are in perpetual confrontation; at the symbolic-anthropological level, earth, life and death are in a cosmic connection, viewed as a condition of the eternal revival. The human regnum, the animal regnum and the vegetal regnum are, more often than not, indistinct in their vibrations. Apparently a passive principle, the earth provokes in the human being all his latent instincts, ready for the Dionysian exultation and for death.

12

Paula Meehan’sCell: The Imprisoned Dialogue of Female Discourses

77%

Poloczek K.

Research in Language

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2014

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vol. 12

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issue 4

401-421

EN

The paper discusses Paula Mehan’s play Cell with focus on the female discourses present in the context of this literary work and the multifold metaphorisation that both the title of the work and the contents invite. The discourses are analysed against the relevant social background and critical literature. The focal types of discourses under discussion involve imagery from maternal and familiar discourse, the “biological” discourse related to hygiene, the sexual discourse, the mock feminist discourse, the discourse of the military and the propaganda of the common good, and the discourse related to the animal world.

13

Metaphors and Legal Language: a Few Comments on Ordinary, Specialised and Legal Meaning

77%

Wojtczak S., Witczak-Plisiecka I.

Research in Language

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2019

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vol. 17

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issue 3

273-295

EN

The present text offers a few comments on the metaphorical dimension of legal language and the nature of legal language as such. The authors discuss selected metaphors in the context of the Polish legislation with the aim to show how the metaphorical dimension of language can be used and abused. It is also demonstrated that the metaphorical dimension of language can cross-cut the interface between language and law on different levels. There are metaphors in legal texts that can be deliberately used to emphasise or cover selected aspects of meaning, and others that can just happen to act irrespective of any premeditated action on the part of the legislator. Finally, in a wider perspective, it is shown that the relation between ordinary language and the language of the law, i.e. ordinary meaning and legal meaning, may itself be seen as a relation between two domains within which metaphorical mapping takes place. It is claimed that the divide between the realm of law and the “real world” goes beyond a trivial division relative to expertise in the law and expertise in legal discourse, but can be better understood as the division between the legal community and the non-legal community including the academia where linguists reside.

14

A multimodal perspective on metaphors and metonymies in art: A case study of the artwork Agora by Magdalena Abakanowicz

77%

Dąbrowska D.

Crossroads. A Journal of English Studies

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2016

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vol. 13

EN

The article is a semiotic study of the artistic installation Agora designed by a famous Polish sculptor Magdalena Abakanowicz, based on the theoretical grounds of Cognitive Semantics. Metaphor and metonymy are conceptual processes whose communicative function is discussed in the paper, in particular, their role in deciphering possible meanings of the artwork. The paper also demonstrates how the multimodal analysis of the verbo-visual material can give rise to diverse interpretations of the figures.

15

Wielkość i nędza metaforyki

77%

Mech K.

Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

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2022

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vol. 50

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issue 1-4

195-211

EN

The article poses a question about the ontic status of metaphorical statements. The answer to this question will affect not only the way of understanding metaphor itself, but will ultimately also affect the shape of anthropological research (including the study of religion). The starting point for these considerations is Ricoeur's theory of metaphorical expressions, which draws on the interactive school of reflection on metaphor (Ivor Armstrong Richards, Max Black, Monroe C. Beardsley). Research on the ontic status of metaphor is founded on the distinction between the sense and the reference of a metaphorical statement. The key thesis around which these considerations revolve is as follows: metaphorical expressions say something new about reality. The text ends with analyses devoted to the question of the truthfulness of metaphorical statements.

16

Tomasz Różycki. Uniendo geografía e imaginarios

77%

Farré X.

Studia Iberystyczne

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2011

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vol. 10

255-265

EN

The present mini essay analyses the literary output of Tomasz Różycki, a Polish poet belonging to the middle generation, who occupies now the central position among the poets of his generation. Różycki diverges from other poets because of his specific understanding of the poetic tradition and its development in modern times.

17

La reconstruction d’un univers merveilleux. Autour de la traduction des métaphores d’Angela Carter en français et en italien

77%

Monti E.

Między Oryginałem a Przekładem

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2017

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vol. 35

65-81

EN

This essay sets out to analyze the re-construction of a marvelous world in the translations of Angela Carter’s works (1940-1992). It does so by focusing on metaphors, seen as cognitive and stylistic elements which are both relevant in the construction of such world, and emblematic of the overall translation strategy. Our parallel corpus consists of a selection of stories from Angela Carter’s The Bloody Chamber and other stories (1979) and their three translations (two into Italian, one into French). The stories in this collection offer a profound rewriting of Perrault’s tales and subvert the canon by adding an explicit sexual dimension to these stories and questioning male supremacy. We shall illustrate the strategies implemented by the Italian and French translators to recreate the uncanny images and associations that deliberate metaphors can trigger in the minds of their readers. We aim at drawing a few tentative conclusions about the construction of marvelous through metaphors, as well as on the translation approaches to such elements and works.

18

Children’s Metaphors – an Inspiration to Change the Thinking of Cognitive Development and Logopedic Therapy

77%

Jęczeń U.

Logopedia

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2018

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vol. 47 EN

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issue 1

151-167

EN

The article presents selected results of the author’s studies on the metaphorical description of emotions by six-year-old children. The studies show that the presentation of meaning through metaphors makes it easy for children to explain difficult concepts. Children’s metaphors allow us to illustrate the different nature of thinking in children, and, as a result, their highly original definitions. The article is an attempt to show a new perspective in logopedic therapy based on cognitive abilities, children’s imagination and their metaphorical skills. The presented suggestion addressed to therapy from the pragmatic angle only outlines the problem.

19

Концептуализация вращательного движения в русском и польском языках

77%

Narloch A.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

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2017

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issue 22/1

75-89

EN

In recent years, linguistic studies have laid great emphasis on the semantic side of linguistic expressions. The subject of this paper is an attempt to introduce the term of “circular motion” in common verb patterns and set phrases in Russian and Polish. The description concerns the problem of creating metaphors based on circular motion verbs. The paper distinguishes between four metaphor types which have been presented by the comparative method between Russian and Polish.

20

Metaphorical Representation of the European Union in Political Cartoons in English and Latvian

77%

Liepa S., Šaudiņa V., Oļehnovičs D.

Research in Language

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2021

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vol. 19

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issue 4

389-400

EN

The study is carried out in the framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory, but since it considers political cartoons that, apart from linguistic, involve also other modes, the findings of theoreticians researching visual and multimodal metaphors are applied. The purpose of the present study is to identify and analyse the visual and multimodal metaphors encountered in cartoons focusing on the European Union matters and to find out if political events are presented in cartoons in English and Latvian on the basis of the same conceptual metaphors.

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