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XX
Review article of Jacek Kowalewski's book, "Creations of the past, Sketches on the anthropology of history".
XX
Repritn: Historiografia dziejów społecznych Polski w XX wieku po 1989 r.: perspektywy i możliwości badawcze, metodologia, [w:] Spojrzenie w przeszłość, t. 2, Wiek XIX, XX, red. zespół, Warszawa 2009, s. 219–227.
Historia@Teoria
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2017
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vol. 1
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issue 3
201-209
EN
The article consists of three parts. It begins with a short characteristics of the lodz historiographic centre; the Author discusses the three generations of researchers who carried out research in the fi eld at the University of Lodz (UŁ). Th e second part is devoted to characterizing the interests and research achievements of the current members of the Department of the History of Historiography and the Auxiliary Sciences of History. Th e doctors promoted in the recent years were also included. Th e fi nal part of the article presents the courses in the history of historiography currently being held at the Institute of History, UŁ.
PL
The article consists of three parts. It begins with a short characteristics of the lodz historiographic centre; the Author discusses the three generations of researchers who carried out research in the fi eld at the University of Lodz (UŁ). Th e second part is devoted to characterizing the interests and research achievements of the current members of the Department of the History of Historiography and the Auxiliary Sciences of History. Th e doctors promoted in the recent years were also included. Th e fi nal part of the article presents the courses in the history of historiography currently being held at the Institute of History, UŁ.
EN
This paper analyses the possibilities of application of some elements of translation studies into historical investigation. When analyzing a historical source, a historian works also as a translator and often, unaware of this, changes the meaning of the original information, that will eventually reshape the results of his final results [?]. History as a science does not use the language separated from the original terms (for example concerning institutions, laws, religions), therefore the risk of mistake in the process of decoding the source is serious, as emphasized by Marc Bloch. The functionalist approach in translation, presented by German scholars Christiane Nord and Hans J. Vermeer and the theory of equivalence by Eugene Nida, prove helpful in the historical analysis of Spanish 16th-century military treatise Discurso sobre la forma de reducir la disciplina militar a mejor y antiguo estado. Using the military charges and early modern military law as examples, we can see how translation studies can improve the fidelity of historical analysis of sources.
EN
In this article, the author discusses the unanswered subject of the methodology of researching the history of safety. The starting point of his deliberations is the presen-tation of safety issues, the subject of safety history and discussion of the directions and methods of history research indicated in the literature. Next, the author justifies the necessity to start work on the methodology of safety history, then indicates the emer-gence of separate safety subdisciplines such as: safety philosophy, sociology of safety, safety psychology, safety culture. The natural consequence of this development of science, which is safety, should be the introduction of a safety history. An additional argument is the conduct of a subject in this field at Polish universities. In the further part of the article periodical patterns of history are presented. It is intended as a starting point for conducting safety history research. Finally, the author analyses the pos-sibilities of the research.
XX
The article is an introduction to the Editors' understanding the relationship between cultural anthropology and history, and thus, the anthropology of history. The "Yearbook of Anthropology of History" is to build a permanent space for the development of cooperation between historiography and cultural anthropology and the corresponding methodologies in the field of multifaceted research on the past and the functioning of its images in human cultures. Magazines will be open to representatives of other disciplines of the humanities, especially literary studies, religiology, philosophy or sociology, which undertake research on the past and its representations in the cultural key.
EN
The place of the history of historiography in Topolski’s comprehensive oeuvre has not been subjected to a holistic analysis yet. I will try to highlight some of the key topics rather than propose an exhaustive interpretation of them The article concentrates on the analysis of both the notion of historiography itself, as well as interpretation the main historiographic work of the Poznan historian.
PL
The article presents a critique of a research method whereby historical sources could not have possibly lied as they were targeted at the addressees who knew the actual course of the events described or referred to. This attitude toward the sources has its antecedence in Snorri Sturluson’s argument on the reliability of skaldic poetry. To his mind, the poems were biased but still valuable, in a way, as they were declaimed before the rulers who would have perceived an untrue account “as a mockery, rather than a praise”. The question arises, what kind of a situation Snorri tried to preclude: one where a mean warrior would have been shown as a great hero? Or, perhaps, one where a defector would have been portrayed as a warrior bravely marching in the first rank? The story of Giffard from the Morkinskinna saga seems to offer the answer. Giffard fled from the battlefield but had a praise poem dedicated to him, which the (real) character aptly deciphered as derision aimed at him.
Praktyka Teoretyczna
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2017
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vol. 23
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issue 1
24-61
EN
This article presents a critique of mechanisms employed by conservative historiography. It is grounded in an analysis of selected discussions in the field of social history which focus on the last period of the Ancien Régime. Furthermore, the article presents a methodological and conceptual analysis of contemporary historical polemics. The aim is to transform problems that are typically considered as strictly historical into philosophical problems and to identify their political stakes. As a result, schemes implicit to conservative narration are sketched, and ideas for an interdisciplinary, emancipatory historiography are discussed. The envisioned perspective would simultaneously draw from the achievements of history from below, leftist macro-history and a philosophical critique of history.
PL
Artykuł stanowi próbę krytyki mechanizmów konserwatywnej historiografii na przykładzie wybranych dyskusji w obrębie historii społecznej dotyczących ostatnich lat ancien régime’u. Współczesne spory historyków i historyczek zostają zanalizowane pod kątem metodologicznym i pojęciowym. Celem artykułu jest ufilozoficznienie problemów przypisanych do pola historycznego oraz rozpoznanie ich stawek politycznych. Efektem tych analiz jest wypracowanie bardziej uniwersalnych schematów krytyki narracji konserwatywnej w historiografii oraz przedstawienie paru wskazówek do pisania interdyscyplinarnej historiografii emancypacyjnej, która twórczo czerpałaby z tradycji lewicowej makrohistorii, filozoficznych krytyk historii i historii oddolnej.
Porównania
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2012
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vol. 10
173-188
EN
The paper is focused to comparative analysis of the novels Muza dalekich podróży by Teodor Parnicki (“A Muse of Distant Journeys”) and Lód (“The Ice”) by Jacek Dukaj. The author compares the artistic techniques as well as the historiosophical consciousness and the awareness of the historical process in the aforementioned novels. The two writers belong to different cultural and literary generations and employed different poetics, still, it is possible to compare the historiosophical and methodological aspects of their works and their ways of thinking about Polishness and cultural myths. The two novels may be treated as realizations of the alternate history genre. Muza dalekich podróży called by the author himself a “historical-fantastical novel”, includes a part entitled “It could have been like that” („Mogło być właśnie tak”) describing the rebirth of Poland after a successful November Uprising. In Jacek Dukaj’s science-fiction novel history “froze” in 1908. Poland still remains divided in the years 1924–1930, never freed after the Partitions. For both Parnicki and Dukaj, creating alternative versions of Polish history was the way to criticizing the model of writing “to uplift hearts” introduced by Henryk Sienkiewicz. Their attitude towards the methodology of history is worth deeper analysis. Parnicki, who lost his enthusiasm towards the 19th century type of history á la Ranke, rejected the idea of historical truth preserved in historical sources. Dukaj, on the contrary, created a postmodernist methodology of history out of the paradigms of the 19th century historiosophy, thus undermining the status of the historical knowledge as “science”. 
PL
Artykuł ma na celu analizę porównawczą powieści Teodora Parnickiego Muza dalekich podróży i Lodu Jacka Dukaja, w zakresie technik artystycznych oraz świadomości filozofii i przebiegu procesu historycznego. Mimo iż pisarze ci przynależą do zupełnie innych formacji kulturowych, pokoleniowych i literackich i dzieli ich warsztat pisarski, to obie powieści łączy zainteresowanie historiozofią i metodologią historii oraz literacki namysł nad polskością i jej mitami. Powieści te zaliczyć można do gatunku historii alternatywnych. Powieść Parnickiego zwana przez niego samego powieścią „historyczno-fantastyczną”, zawiera cześć pt. Mogło być właśnie tak, w której to autor testuje możliwość odrodzenia się Polski po zwycięskim powstaniu listopadowym. Jacek Dukaj, pisarz science-fiction, tworzy zaś świat, w którym historia uległa zamrożeniu w postaci z roku 1908. Powieść rozgrywa się w latach 1924–1930, a Polska wciąż jeszcze znajduje się pod zaborami i nie odzyskała niepodległości. Obaj twórcy piszą swe historie alternatywne w trybieveta wobec sienkiewiczowskiej idei „pokrzepienia serc”. Szczególnie interesujący jest stosunek obu twórców wobec metodologii historii. Parnicki zniechęcony do historii w pozytywistycznym sensie (á la Ranke), odrzuca możliwość dotarcia do zdeponowanej w źródłach prawdy historycznej. Dukaj zaś, sięgając właśnie po paradygmaty XIX-wiecznej metodologii historii nicuje je tak, by uzyskać z ich materii postmodernistyczną filozofię historii, podważającą status naukowy historii i jej możliwość wnioskowania o historii.
EN
In the paper, the author comments on some ideas recently presented by Marek Smolak. The aim of the paper is to define the notions of ‘brute presupposition’ and ‘institutional presupposition’ of legal texts. In the first section three main issues of the theory of law where the category of presupposition has been applied are indicated. They are as follows: the notion of obligation, the reflecting of reality in directives, and the reading of legal texts at different levels of meaning. In the second section the notion ‘brute presupposition’ is defined and its potential usefulness in jurisprudence is investigated. The analyses show that the usefulness of the semiotic category of presupposition is, for several reasons, quite limited in the theory of law. Nevertheless, the notions of brute and institutional presupposition may be of some heuristic use when one wishes to define the place of the history of law among other historical studies.
PL
W tekście autor nawiązuje do niedawno przedstawionej idei Marka Smolaka i szkicuję możliwe zastosowania pojęciowego rozróżnienia presupozycji surowych i presupozycji instytucjonalnych tekstu prawnego. W pierwszej części wskazuje się na wybrane problemy prawniczych zastosowań semiotycznej kategorii presupozycji. Są to: konceptualizowanie pojęcia obowiązku, odzwierciedlanie rzeczywistości w wypowiedziach dyrektywalnych oraz odczytywanie tekstu prawnego na różnych poziomach znaczeniowych. W części drugiej wprowadza się pojęcie presupozycji surowej i rozważa możliwe zastosowania tego pojęcia dla charakterystyki nauk prawnych. Na gruncie teorii prawa rozróżnienie to ma ograniczoną użyteczność, może natomiast mieć zalety heurystyczne przy definiowaniu miejsca nauk historycznoprawnych pośród nauk historycznych.
15
71%
EN
On September 25-26th 2014 the Institute of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, has organized a conference „Christianization of Europe. The Church at the turn of the first and second millenium”. It was the first of planned three conferences which preceed the 1050 anniversary of the baptism received by Polish prince Mieszko I in 966 and the official introduction of Christianity to Poland. Prof. Strzelczyk was one of the main organizers of this conference and the discussion reported below touches the subjects related to his professional career as a historian, focusing on the study of the history of Christian missions in Middle Ages.
EN
The article discusses the bases of the contemporary concept of the theory of sources. I have made an attempt at re-interpreting this basic concept of historical methodology based on the semiotic concept of signs and reality.
Historia@Teoria
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2017
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vol. 4
|
issue 6
87-96
EN
The paper discuss the regulatory principles which might be included into discussion on the controversy over the uses and misuses of contemporary history in Poland. The main proposals are as follow. We need greater methodological awareness that sources we are using whilst describing and interpreting the history are not refl ecting the whole past (which is simply impossible). While observing divergent versions of reconstructed past one should notice that the most divergent matt ers are connected with ethics. Three levels of ethics and moral judgments are listed: professional ethic of historian (is he a judge or observer), ethics/moral judgments of the past we investigate, moral judgment about the past. However tempting, metaphorical use of language should be limited at least at this stage of controversy, for there are not a commonly agreed set of metaphors, thus their use might only complicate the exchange of opinions.
EN
The study intends to build on the one hand on the methodology of historical science and on the other hand archival science, namely in the specific area of the so-called archival appraisal of records, or historical sources. After we focus in the first step on the recently deceased Canadian archival thinker and theoretician Terry Cook (1947–2014) and the theory he elaborated of the appraisal/selection of records called the macroappraisal theory, the author will in the second part systematize several levels on which the future potential importance of the historical sources will be constituted and from which it is also possible to interpret. The study concludes with the author’s proposed conception of the so-called “archival hermeneutic circle” as one of the outcomes of reflections on the relationship between historical and archival science.
EN
The article is an attempt to look at the mediaevalist work of Jacek Banaszkiewicz through the prism of statements of other scholars using the comparative method (including M. Handelsman, M. Małowist, M. Tymowski, K. Modzelewski). The aim is to answer the question of whether there is a set of guidelines that every comparatist should follow. The specific issues discussed here include the role of difference and similarity in comparison, the notions of function, analogy and homology, geographical and chronological limitations of comparative studies, and the role of influence and reception.
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