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EN
The increase in migration at the international level also increases the number of religiously mixed marriages. The Catholic Church advises against entering into such marriages because this issue refers to the laws of God and the question of preserving faith. The Catholic Church approves of mixed marriages in terms of nationality or race because belonging to the Church is primarily determined by faith in Jesus Christ and baptism in the name of the Holy Trinity. Independently of canon law, progressive social secularization is noticeable on that subject matter.
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EN
In this paper we study the effects of cultural determinants on the migration flows across countries and the financial flows back to the country of origin of the migrants in the form of remittances. We present econometric models for migration and remittances and test the relations between migration and remittances on one hand and cultural dimensions on the other hand. We find that collectivist countries produce more migrants per one inhabitant. This finding corresponds to social reason for migration - to be closer to family or friends, or social networks. In addition we find that countries with more pronounced long-term orientation and countries with pronounced indulgent values attract more remittances from abroad.
EN
Migration is a mass phenomenon of our time, a permanent phenomenon which takes many forms, affects all continents and all countries. This phenomenon is one of the most important social and international issues of the modern world. In this context, the Russian Federation is not free from problems arising from migration processes. Migration policy of the Russian Federation is a very important part of that country’s geopolitical game. Location Russia between the European Union and China creates considerable scope to influence the shape of migration processes not only regional but also global. Russia has become a country of immigration. There are two very important aspects in the migration policy of Russia: the internal and external aspects. The internal aspect relates to such phenomena as the fight against the demographic crisis and related deficits in the labor market, national and religious revival of ethnic groups living in Russia, the low level of social integration of immigrants. In terms of external migration policy is treated as an instrument of pressure on the countries of the former Soviet Union, a way of shaping relations with China and the element of national security. Russian migration policy is an active instrument for solving problems within the country, as well as a very important foreign policy wizard. Pejorative side of this policy is that it is planned from above, without taking into account the needs and nature of various Russian regions.
EN
The traditional ideas of citizenship, both republican and liberal, as well the conceptions of immigrant integration that are deeply rooted in them, are undergoing a serious crisis when we analyse them from the perspective of global migration. In modern multinational states and societies at the super-diversity stage, which are emerging as a consequence of migrations, citizenship viewed through the prism of membership of a country, including the rights and obligations towards the state as well as civic competence, has become a topic of ideological debate and deliberation on the integration of immigrants. The social issues that follow from the assumptions of two basic conceptions: integration as assimilation based on the idea of republican citizenship and multinational policy based on the tradition of liberal citizenship, have enlivened the idea of transnational (cosmopolitan) citizenship. The main thesis of the article, involving the dysfunctionality of the established integration models related to classical ideas of citizenship, has been presented against the background of an analysis concerning changing legislation in terms of migration policies in France and Great Britain. The concept of transnational citizenship has also been related to EU legislation.
EN
The census of population conducted in 2002 and 2010 in Russia, not only gave a detailed demographic picture of the country and the possibility of analysis of various aspects of population dynamics (birth rate, mortality, migration), but also the possibility of analysis the dynamics of ethnicity (ethnic composition and its structure), social dynamics (employment activity), and more. Comparing with the data of the Russian census of 1897 was realized in order to provide a picture of embeddedness for more than a century of various ethnic groups in the surveyed areas of the state. For comparison, the specific data of the Russian census of 1897 was used to provide a picture of embeddedness within more than a century of the various ethnic groups in the surveyed areas of the state. To study the statics and dynamics of national-ethnic composition of the population in the three surveyed regions studied in the framework of the project RSF Tyumen, Nizhny Novgorod and Krasnodar in the last five years (2010-2014), data from the territorial statistical bodies is used, as well as secondary data of sociological studies conducted in these regions. The main objective of the study is to identify the opportunities and constraints in strengthening Russian identity living in different Nations on the basis of demographic, ethnic and social factors, reflecting the current socio-economic processes in the state and outside it. The main result of the paper is the claim that when making strategic socio-economic, legal, political projects and country’s development programs their demographic and ethnic aspects need to be considered. The study was conducted with support from the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 15-18-00093.
EN
In our paper we consider two questions. In the first part, we discuss some philosophical and legal contexts of security. In the second part, we analyze three topics like health policy, migration, and security of supply chain. We argue these three topicswill constitute? key challenges to the guaranteeing of the global security.
EN
This paper explores the meaning of identity and nation, home and belonging, through the study of internal and international migration in three novels. In doing so it encoun- ters the construction of collective identity in Manzu Islam’s Song of our Swampland, the dystopian dislocation in Neamat Imam’s The Black Coat and the concept of meta-home in Tahmima Anam’s The Bones of Grace. The complex, unstable space of diaspora seems ever evolving and forever shifting. Here ‘home’ becomes what Homi K. Bhabha has ex- pounded as “a mythic place of desire.” In this fluid construction of diasporic existence the paper examines the concepts of “de-territorialization,” “unhoming,” “dislocation,” “iden- tity,” and “belonging.”
EN
Challenges to co-operation with parents in Centers for Early Education in GermanyThe mandate of public services in early education and care is discussed in view of social inequalities in Germany. The paper focusses on the so called ‚educational partnership between professionals and parents’and analyses its challenges and potentials under the given legal and social structures. Special emphasis is set on chosen life situations of children and families such as migration and poverty. Current approaches to parent-teacher partnership are discussed against the setting of historic development in parent cooperation. The paper closes with a critical acclaim of the challenges innate to the concept of parent-professional partnership.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony został roli, jaką odegrać może prawo międzynarodowe publiczne w zmierzeniu się z globalnym problemem kryzysu migracyjno-uchodźczego. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie genezy, procedury przyjęcia oraz materialnego substratu zatwierdzonych w 2018 roku na forum ONZ Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration oraz Global Compact on Refugees, by następnie na tej podstawie spróbować udzielić odpowiedzi na pytanie: czy w przypadku tak specyficznego w swej istocie porządku, jakim jest prawo międzynarodowe publiczne, można w ogóle mówić o jego wychowawczej funkcji? A jeśli tak, to na czym konkretnie w międzynarodowym prawie migracyjnym miałaby ona polegać? Na potrzeby powyższego wywodu ukazano również (choć jedynie w zarysie) zagadnienie funkcji prawa z perspektywy teoretycznej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem specyfiki funkcji wychowawczej na tle pozostałych.
EN
The article is devoted to the role that public international law can play in confronting the global problem of the migration and refugee crisis. The purpose of the paper is to bring closer the genesis, procedure of adoption and material substrate of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration and the Global Compact on Refugees, approved at the UN forum in 2018, and then to try to answer the question whether it is possible to discuss the educational function of the public international law taking into consideration the specificity of the order. And if so, what exactly would it consist of in the case of international migration law? For the purposes of the above, the issue of the functions of law was also presented (although only in an outline) from the theoretical perspective, with the emphasis on the specificity of the educational function of law in comparison with the others.
EN
In this article, examples of the literary work of two Polish authors: Stanisław Bieniasz and Henryk Sekulski are presented. Bieniasz and Sekulski are contemporaneous writers who spent part of their life in Germany. In their books they illustrate the Polish immigrant community in East and West Germany in the 1970s and 80s. Bieniasz was a Silesian who portrayed his experiences in North Rhine-Westphalia, while Sekulski came from a small village in eastern Poland and lived for several years as an unskilled worker in Leipzig in the GDR. In these different Germanys their culture and customs were confronted with a new, strange world. Their observations bear witness to the failure of many Polish people to live in Germany as citizens on equal terms. The mainly pessimistic views of Bieniasz and Sekulski are contrasted with Günter Grass’s journalistic essay on the unification of Germany and with the analysis of the German soul by the French author: Bernard Nuss.
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EN
The outbreak of the war in Ukraine on February 24, 2022 resulted in the introduction of regulations in Poland containing a number of facilities for Ukrainian citizens, including full access to the labour market, including labour market services and instruments. On the one hand, the fact of the arrival of Ukrainian citizens to the territory of Poland may constitute a positive impulse for the Polish labour market, e.g. by filling the current labour shortages in certain occupations and industries. On the other hand, the question arises whether the mass influx of Ukrainians may limit Polish citizens' access to jobs, especially those that do not require high qualifications. The article presents Polish and European legal regulations, their changes after the outbreak of the armed conflict and an analysis of the available data on Ukrainian citizens in the labour market.
PL
Wybuch wojny na Ukrainie 24 lutego 2022 r. spowodował, że w Polsce wprowadzono regulacje zawierające szereg ułatwień dla obywateli Ukrainy, m.in. pełny dostęp do rynku pracy, w tym do usług i instrumentów rynku pracy. Z jednej strony fakt przybycia na terytorium Polski obywateli Ukrainy może stanowić pozytywny impuls dla polskiego rynku pracy, m.in. poprzez uzupełnienie istniejących aktualnie niedoborów pracowników w niektórych zawodach i branżach. Z drugiej strony pojawia się pytanie, czy masowy napływ Ukraińców może ograniczyć obywatelom polskim dostępność do miejsc pracy, w szczególności tych, które nie wymagają wysokich kwalifikacji. W artykule przedstawiono przepisy prawne polskie i europejskie, ich zmiany po wybuchu konfliktu zbrojnego oraz analizę dostępnych danych na temat obywateli Ukrainy na rynku pracy.
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