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EN
The article presents the “do it yourself” (DIY) phenomenon which is popular in culture nowadays. It constitutes a distinctly noticeable sign of the return to craftwork based on manual work. The author treats this phenomenon as a modern continuation of old handicraft and craft traditions, while at the same time she notices its new functions and socio-cultural meanings. The author recalls historical contexts of the “do it yourself” philosophy in the culture of the West, as well as in native cultural traditions; she also presents current examples of activities of this kind, taken from websites and internet blogs. In the author’s view, the DIY phenomenon is situated in the circle of current trends of design, it is an expression of the criticism of consumerist society and is an ecological attitude towards the natural environment. It also remains strongly connected with the outlook of the involved people and social groups, as well as constituting evidence of people’s creative involvement in their relations with the material world.
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PL
W artykule rozważono różne aspekty funkcjonowania pojęcia mistyki i tekstów mistycznych we współczesnej kulturze. Jego celem jest wskazanie tych przestrzeni współczesnego życia, w których najbardziej dostrzegalna jest obecność języka mistycznego. Jak się jednak okazuje, pojęcie mistyki nie jest rozumiane jednoznacznie – jego popkulturowy obraz jest dość daleki od znaczenia teologicznego (chrześcijańskiego), a często wręcz z nim sprzeczny i przynależny raczej fałszywej mistyce. Wskazany w tytule problem dotyczy dzisiejszego odbioru mistycznych treści zapisanych przez autorów z dawnych lat. Z jednej bowiem strony chętnie sięga się po teksty mistyczne z uwagi na ich inność i niezwykłość, z drugiej zaś mało kto umie je rozumieć i przejmować do swojej sobistej praktyki duchowej. Ukazuje to zatem ogromną potrzebę dobrze przygotowanych katechetów, rekolekcjonistów czy duszpasterzy, którzy umieliby odpowiednio przekazać zawarte w tych dziełach treści. Prowadzone rozważanie wykazało także, że mistyka przeżywa w obecnych czasach swego rodzaju odrodzenie – staje się coraz popularniejsza zarówno w kręgach popkulturowych, jak i naukowych (teologicznych, filologicznych) czy kościelnych. Obserwacje te wskazują na duże zapotrzebowanie współczesnego człowieka na pogłębianie swojej duchowości.
EN
The article considers different ways of the presence of mystic and the mystical texts in the modern culture. As we proofed, the term ‘mystic’ has many meanings. Its pop cultural picture is often opposite to its theological, Christian meaning. ‘The problem’ indicated in the title concerns the level of understanding of mystical works – their language and their contents. We can see, that these texts can attract with their curiosity and supernatural origins, but there aren’t many people who want to read them as a spiritual doctrine. The presence of this works depends on good preparation and atmosphere, created specially during the retreats, for example. But we have to admired – we can see the renascence of the mystic nowadays. It is very popular not only in the pop cultural stream but also in the university knowledge (in theology, philology, psychology) and in the pastoral work of the Church. All this facts say that in our century there is a high level of spiritual demands
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EN
The article is a review of viewpoints suggested by the authors of the collective volume Norwid w świecie wartości. Z „Dni Norwidowskich na Białołęce” (Norwid in a World of Values. From the „Norwidian Days in Białołęka”), ed. T. Korpysz. Fundacja „Ziarna Ocalenia”. Warszawa 2012. The book contains sketches by well-known and recognized scholars studying the life and work of Cyprian Norwid as well as by young researchers gathered around the Warsaw Norwidological Circle: Jadwiga Puzynina, Jacek Leociak, Rev. Antoni Dunajski, Tomasz Korpysz, Joanna Trzcionka, Marta Ewa Rogowska, Karol Samsel, Marcin Będkowski. To a large degree the volume has a character of an academic one designed for the general public, which does not belittle its importance or value, as it is supposed to induce reflection on values not only in the life of Norwid, but in the lives of all the readers of the book. The scholars have taken up the problems of the truth as a value (autotelic and sacralized), of “the ethics of speech” – responsibility for one’s own words and for another man, of Norwid’s connections with Christianity, of searching for values in history of Europe’s culture and the 19th century philosophy. Reproductions of artistic works by pupils of primary and post-primary schools who received awards at competitions organized on the occasion of “Norwidian Days in Białołęka” are a separate part of the volume. The articles contained in the book prove that the axiological issues in Norwid’s works, despite the fact that there are a lot of publications on this subject, are still worth studying.
EN
Hendrykowska Małgorzata, O szczególnych powinowactwach literatury i kina w refleksji Stefanii Zahorskiej [Particular Affinities between Literature and Film in Stefania Zahorska’s Reflections]. „Przestrzenie Teorii” 32. Poznań 2019, Adam Mickiewicz University Press, pp. 167–178. ISSN 1644-6763. DOI 10.14746/pt.2019.32.8. The author provides an in-depth analysis of and original essay written by the Polish film critic Stefania Zahorska in the middle of the 1930s. The essay deals with socio-cultural and aesthetic theory regarding the mutual connections between cinema and literature.
EN
The objective of this article is to define place and role of antique motives in modern art and design. Due to variety of creativness in XX/XXI century, created in different trends and beyond them, considerations were limited to sculptural art and design, based on creativness of French artist Léo Caillard and Israeli designer Ayala Serfaty. Interpretation of information, which was collected based on study of artists’ works of art, lead to conclusion that, despite different approach to antique tradition, both artists strive to similar targets and their intention is not imitation, but concept based on creation of surprising or even shocking links and juxtapositions. Research of contrasts between tradition and modernity is intended to provoke and encourage viewer to deeper and conscious interpretation of works of art and reflection about position of art in modern culture. It is essential to study esthetic contexts, circumstances of creation of works of art and motivation. The most important feature of this art is to induce strong impressions. Relations between viewer and work of art have crucial meaning. Approximation and logic of thinking, which are characteristic for each research orientations in history of classic and modern art, represents theoretical background of this article. In this context, there are references to Joachim Winckelmann, recognized as creator of methodological basics for researchment on ancient art. There are references to Franz Wickhoff, Aby Warburg and Erwin Panofsky who dealt with iconographical and iconographical-iconological methods.
PL
W artykule poruszono kwestię roli tradycji biblijnej w transferze i adaptacji idei nowoczesności na gruncie kultur prawosławnych. Przedmiotem namysłu jest narracja o św. Klemensie z Ochrydy, najsłynniejszym uczniu św. św. Cyryla i Metodego, oraz jej literackie parafrazy z okresu międzywojennego w Bułgarii - rozpatrywane w kontekście modernistycznego odczyt(yw)ania Biblii, a także ambiwalentnego doświadczenia sekularyzacji ze strony lokalnych elit intelektualnych.
EN
The paper raises the question of the role of Biblical tradition in the transfer and adaptation of modern ideas in cultures rooted in Eastern-Orthodox tradition. The subject of reflection is the narrative about St. Clement of Ohrid, the most famous disciple of SS. Cyril and Methodius, and its various literary paraphrases during the interwar period in Bulgaria, in the context of modernist reading of the Bible, as well as the ambivalent experience of secularization among the local intellectual elites.
DE
In vorliegender Studie ist die Entwicklung der Soziallehre der Kirche von Rerum Novarum an im Schlüssel der Reaktionsfähigkeit oder Reaktionsunfähigkeit der Kirche auf die gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen und in Hinblick auf die Entwicklung dieser Lehre von der ideologischen Konfrontation mit den modernen Ideologien zu den letzten Enzykliken, die in den Vordergrund die Zivilisation der Liebe und Barmherzigkeit stellen, als spezifisches christliches gesellschaftliches Paradigma ohne Ambition, dass die Kirche an der Macht partizipieren würde, vorgestellt. Auf jeden Fall beeinflusst die Soziallehre mit ihren Grundprinzipien in allen Zeiträumen die Entwicklung der europäischen Kultur und ihrer Rechtsordnung. Akzentverlagerung von der Alternative zu den bestehenden Gesellschaftssystemen auf die ethische Rolle der Soziallehre der Kirche stärkt zunehmend die Bestrebung für die Durchsetzung der Religionsfreiheit als ein grundlegendes Menschenrecht. Und gleichzeitig eine klare Unterscheidung zwischen der Mission der religiösen und politischen Institutionen sowie der zentralen Rolle des Staatsbürgers und Gläubigers in einer demokratischen und pluralistischen Gesellschaft.
EN
The article presents the development of the social teaching of the Church from Rerum novarum onwards from the view of responsiveness or non- responsiveness to the social changes and regarding the development of the teaching from ideological confrontation with modern ideologies to the last encyclicals which put emphasis on the civilization of love and charity as a specific social paradigm without the ambition that the Church would be in power. In any case, in all periods, the social teaching with its basic principles has influenced the development of the European culture and its legal order. The shift of focus from the alternative to the existent social systems to the ethical role of the social teaching of the Church has strengthened the endeavours to establish religious freedom as a basic human right. And at the same time, the clear differentiation between the mission of religious and political institutions and the central role of a citizen and believer in a democratic and pluralist society.
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