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1
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Interdependence Among Creativity, Education, and Job Experience: A Municipal Company in Poland

100%
Jabłoński M.
Central European Management Journal
|
2019
|
vol. 27(4)
48-70
EN
Purpose: The technological progress of production processes causes changes in the social structure of work, i.e. modifies the content of most, if not all, workplaces. In that respect, the identification of changes in the intensity of creativeness, the level of education, and the experience of employees in production processes and occupational tasks is a particularly important issue. The article investigates the interdependence among work creativity, education, and job experience of employees of one of the municipal companies operating in Poland. Methodology: The study employs firm-level data covering over 2,200 observations. The study gathered data from three major internal sources of information: the scopes of responsibilities of organizational positions, personnel documentation regarding the individual level of education and professional experience, and the results of interviews with executive staff and employees on particular posts. The research proceedings base on document analysis, structured interviews, teamwork methods, and a classification technique. Results: Research revealed that the complexity of work increased in the company. Jobs requiring higher levels of creativity are occupied by employees with relatively higher education. However, their average level of education in the analyzed period decreased as opposed to jobs that require relatively lower levels of creativity. The analysis of interdependence between creativity and job experience identified that there emerged a relatively shorter average job experience for employees who perform cognitive work. Moreover, the average job experience increased in the group of employees who perform routine manual and non-routine cognitive work. Implications: The study refers to the job polarization issue by confirming the tendencies of labor markets. It also addresses issues concerned with technological progress, although they are not confirmed by research in this paper. Originality/Value: The main contribution of the paper is the interesting dataset gathered. Furthermore, the paper addresses an interesting question where empirical research at the firm level is lacking, particularly municipal company.
2
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Przyczyny odmowy udzielenia radnym gminy informacji o działalności spółki komunalnej

88%
Zięty J. J.
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
|
2021
|
issue 3(71)
55-78
EN
The subject of the article is the analysis of the rights of councillors regarding an individual oversight of municipal companies. The article identifies interpretation problems that may arise in the exercise of these powers. Doubts may concern the definition of entities obliged to provide information, linking the scope of information with the mandate exercised by a gmina (commune) councillor. Additionally, the problem of refusal or failure to provide information to councillors arises. If such information is classified as public, councillors may attempt to obtain it only according to the relevant statute. However, if this qualification is taken into account, the introduction of separate provisions, which are not sanctioned, raises doubts.
3
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Assessment of the efficiency of municipal companies based on local collective transport

88%
Wąsowicz K.
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
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2018
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issue 2(44)
56-70
EN
The main objective of this article is to determine the effectiveness of enterprises providing municipal services and a model approach for processes related to the provision of local public transport services in Poland. In particular, the identification included methods of organisation and implementation of public utility tasks as well as organisational and legal forms and forms of ownership in the case of local collective transport. An attempt has been made to determine the effectiveness of enterprises providing urban transport services in cities in Poland, assessing their operational, financial, technical and social effectiveness. The research design and methods used in this article are based on the assessment of the effectiveness of enterprises using taxonomic methods of grouping e ntities according to selected characteristics and efficiency measures. The use of the k-means method with the number of clusters determined on the basis of the hierarchical Ward method, in which the contribution of variables to the differentiation of clusters was determined on the basis of a one-way analysis of ANOVA variance, to obtain groups of companies with similar efficiency indicators. The findings, based on the conducted research, present the relationship between the economic efficiency of public transport companies and their organisational and legal form as well as the type of ownership. Recommendations from empirical studies indicate that public enterprises operating in the field of municipal services provide public utility services with a higher level of economic efficiency than other distinctive groups of carriers. The added value is that the research methods presented in this work can be successfully applied to other sectors of the economy and other countries in order to verify the effectiveness of individual organizational, legal and ownership forms of enterprises.
4
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Determinants of choice in the form of conducting municipal economy by local government units

88%
Kosek-Wojnar M., Maj-Waśniowska K.
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
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2018
|
issue 4(46)
92-107
EN
Objectives: This paper aims to address a problem that includes the managing of the municipal economy by local government units (LGUs). The research issue raised regarded, in particular, the rules and organisational-legal norms for managing a municipal economy. Its expression is the posed hypothesis according to which what matters significantly for LGUs in the choice of form for conducting a municipal economy is both the character of the task as well as whether this form is recognised as a subject of the public finances sector, and, what follows, whether its indebtedness is subject to statutory restrictions and influences the financial situation of LGUs. Research Design & Methods: To verify a hypothesis formulated in such a way, firstly theoretical and legal aspects of managing a municipal economy by LGUs have been put forward. Next a comparative analysis for forms of managing a municipal economy by LGUs was conducted, i.e. a local self-government budgetary establishment and a municipal company, and the most significant characteristics of the discussed forms, as well as their effects being a result of their choice by LGUs, were indicated. Comparative and descriptive analysis has been used in this paper; it included analysis of financial data regarding the management of a municipal economy by LGUs, but in strict correlation with institutional and legal conditions for the realisation of public tasks and their conditioning. Findings: As a result of the research conducted, it has been concluded that changes taking place in the scope of forms of managing a municipal economy point towards more and more common tasks realised by LGUs both in the field of public utility as well as outside of the public utility zone in the form of commercial law companies. Contribution: Basic kinds of risks associated with the realisation of tasks by the budgetary establishment and municipal company have also been defined. Moreover, research results show that possibilities for such a wide operation result first and foremost from imprecise legal regulations, which are at the same time the only source of risk associated with the operation of such companies.
5
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Dopuszczalność powierzenia komunalnej spółce prawa handlowego zadań z zakresu utrzymania czystości i porządku w gminie

75%
dr hab. Wołowiec T., dr Cienkowski M.
Jedziemy do wód w...
|
2014
|
issue 4
35-47
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza dopuszczalności powierzenia samorządowej jednostce organizacyjnej wykonywania zadań z zakresu utrzymania czystości i porządku na terenie gminy. W opracowaniu uwzględniono ostatnią nowelizację ustawy z dnia z dnia 13 września 1996 roku o utrzymaniu czystości i porządku w gminach (tj. z dnia 17 lutego 2012 r. (Dz.U. z 2012 r. poz. 391), która weszła w życie 1 stycznia 2012 roku. W tym zakresie, szczegółowej analizie został poddany nowo wprowadzony art. 6 d powołanej ustawy, który obliguje burmistrzów do organizowania przetargów na wykonywanie działań objętych zakresem jej regulacji. W analizie tej uwzględniono także stosunek wskazanej ustawy do innych aktów regulujących pozycję ustrojową gminy w systemie administracji publicznej oraz jej wpływ na dotychczas obowiązujące zasady funkcjonowania jednostek samorządu terytorialnego.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze the admissibility of entrusting the local unit of the tasks related to the maintenance of cleanliness and order in the municipality. The study takes into account the latest amendment to the Act of 13 September 1996 on maintaining cleanliness and order in municipalities (Act of 17 February 2012. (Journal of Laws of 2012. Pos. 391), which entered into force on 1 January 2012. In this regard, a detailed analysis has been newly introduced art. 6 d of the Act, which obliges the mayors to organize tenders for the execution of actions within the scope of its regulation. In this analysis takes into account the ratio of the Law to other acts regulating the systemic position of municipalities in the system of public administration and its impact on the previously existing rules of functioning of local government units.
6
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Charakter prawny zadań z zakresu uruchomienia i prowadzenia miejskiego systemu wypożyczalni rowerów oraz hulajnóg elektrycznych

63%
Sylwestrzak D.
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne
|
2020
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vol. 18
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issue 1
131-144
EN
The author briefly presents the issue of implementation of tasks in the field of launching and running a municipal bike rental system and electric scooters by municipalities. She analyzes the legal nature of these tasks and the forms and methods of their implementation.
PL
Autorka przedstawia w zwięzły sposób zagadnienie realizacji zadań związanych z wprowadzeniem i obsługą systemu wypożyczalni rowerów miejskich oraz skuterów elektrycznych przez władze samorządowe. Analiza obejmuje prawne aspekty tych zadań, formy i metody ich realizacji.
7
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Glosa do wyroku NSA z 12.03.2019 r., I OSK 657/19, dotyczącego kontrolowania spółek komunalnych przez radę gminy (glosa częściowo krytyczna)

63%
Zięty J. J.
Przegląd Ustawodawstwa Gospodarczego
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2020
|
issue 7
40-47
EN
The subject of the gloss is the ruling of the Supreme Administrative Court and the preceding ruling of the Provincial Administrative Court in Gorzów Wielkopolski. In these judgments, the court came to the conclusion that the municipal council had the power to directly control municipal companies. This judgment is a breach of the previous jurisprudence, assuming that the supervision and control by the audit committee of the commune council takes place indirectly through the control of the activity of the executive body of the commune. The article analyses the arguments presented by the court both against the background of the previous jurisprudence and statements of the doctrine. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the position of the Court that allows for the control of municipal companies by audit committees is not supported by the applicable legal status. Even if it is assumed that the board may indicate such an object of control, there are no legal instruments forcing the company to submit to such control. The only instrument envisaged by the legislator is the right to individual control of companies by councilors.
PL
Przedmiotem glosy jest orzeczenie Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego oraz poprzedzającego go wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim. W wyrokach tych sąd doszedł do przekonania, że rada gminy ma kompetencje do bezpośredniego kontrolowania spółek komunalnych. Wyrok ten stanowi wyłom w dotychczasowej linii orzeczniczej, przyjmującej że nadzór i kontrola sprawowane przez komisję rewizyjną rady gminy następują pośrednio przez kontrolę działalności organu wykonawczego gminy. W artykule poddano analizie argumenty przedstawione przez sąd zarówno na tle dotychczasowego orzecznictwa, jak i wypowiedzi doktryny. W konsekwencji autor dochodzi do przekonania, że stanowisko sądu dopuszczające kontrolę spółek komunalnych przez komisje rewizyjne nie znajduje oparcia w obowiązującym stanie prawnym. Nawet jeżeli przyjąć, że rada może wskazać taki przedmiot kontroli, to nie istnieją instrumenty prawne zmuszające spółkę do podporządkowania się tej kontroli. Jedyny instrument, jaki przewidział ustawodawca, to uprawnienia do indywidualnej kontroli spółek przez radnych.
8
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Wpływ nowych zasad zarządzania mieniem państwowym na kształt rady nadzorczej i zarządu spółki komunalnej

51%
Stec M.
Przegląd Prawa i Administracji
|
2018
|
vol. 114
371-385
EN
The act on the management of the state property adopted in 2016 significantly transformed the entire system of management of state property, including its functional and structural-organisational aspects. As part of this reform, some provisions of the municipal economy act were also amended, which is understandable given affiliation of both types of property (state and municipal) to one category of public property. This article answers the question — what are the consequences for the self-government sector and economic agents operating within it (entrepreneurs acting on the basis of municipal property) of the changes made relating to the status, composition, appointment and operation of the supervisory board and board of directors of municipal company.
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