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EN
Aim. The aim of the study is to find out students’ perspectives on the necessity, readiness and disturbing factors of implementing musical activities in preschool. The theoretical part of the paper describes the particularity of preschool teachers’ work, the children’s interest in musical activities, and the benefits of implementing musical activities in preschool.  Method. The empirical study involved 168 students (N=168), of which 132 students (N=132) are already working as preschool teachers in parallel with their study at the university. The study identified three questions: why do preschool teachers use musical activities? What factors prevent a preschool teacher from using musical activities? Is there a relationship between the competence of a preschool teacher in the field of music and the implementation musical activities in preschool? In order to answer the study questions, a questionnaire consisting of twelve statements was created, which had to be assessed on a four-point Likert scale. Results and conclusion. As a result of the analyses of the data obtained in the study, it was ascertained that preschool teachers use musical activities to make children happy and improve their abilities. The use of musical activities is connected with preschool teacher’s willingness to do that. One of the key factors that hinder the implementation of musical activities is an insufficient material base in the preschool. The study also found that there is a correlation between the competence of a preschool teacher in the field of music and the implementation of musical activities.
EN
The contribution deals with the equal opportunity of education that shall be provided to the fullest potential of all children, including intellectually gifted children in Slovak ele-mentary schools. The authoresses believe that it is important to raise the potency of these children by focusing on their creative self-fulfilment and creating motivational conditions in educational process. They focus on musical activities as a tool that can encourage the development of intellectually gifted children by inducing pupils to express themselves in a creative way using musical activities in the main school subjects mathematics and Eng-lish language, with non-musical educational goals. Authoresses conclude their contribution by two examples of this possible pedagogical intervention.
EN
The study examines relationships between flow experience in musical activities, life meaningfulness and subjective well-being. Life meaningfulness belongs to eudaimonic good life, subjective well-being belongs to hedonic good life and flow seems to be combination of both approaches. It is supposed that flow experience in musical activity and life meaningfulness should have positive impact on subjective well-being. The research sample consisted of 96 university music students (37 males, 59 females) from the Music and Dance Faculty, Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava, Slovakia. Dispositional Flow Scale-2, which measures nine dimension of flow, was used for measuring frequency of flow experience. Life Meaningfulness Scale, which measures three dimensions of life meaningfulness, was used for measuring meaningfulness of life. Positive and Negative Affect Schedule measured affective components of subjective well-being, and Satisfaction with Life Scale measured cognitive component of subjective well-being. Categorization revealed that the most favourite performing musical activities are creative musical activities, such as reproduction and production, during which music students relatively often experience flow. The results of correlation analysis showed that total scores of flow experience, life meaningfulness and components of subjective well-being, significantly correlate each other. Aspects of flow, clear goals and autotelic experience are positively related to cognitive and motivational dimension of life meaningfulness and also to positive affectivity. Loss of self-consciousness and autotelic experience are positively related to emotional dimension of life meaningfulness. Challenge-skill balance, action-awareness merging, clear goals, concentration on task at hand, sense of control and autotelic experience are negatively related to negative affectivity. Challenge-skill balance and autotelic experience are related to satisfaction with life. Correlation coeficients of these relations showed that flow experience is relatively equally associated with life meaningfulness and subjective well-being. It suggests that flow experience is partly hedonic and also eudaimonic concept. Next, all dimensions of life meaningfulness correlate positively with positive affectivity and satisfaction with life, and negatively with negative affectivity. Multiple regression analysis revealed that life meaningfulness significantly contributes to all components of subjective well-being, and experiencing flow significantly predicts only negative affectivity. Thus, life meaningfulness brings good feeling and creates in one's mind order just like flow does it on its own way and in shorter time period. Flow experience rather prevents experiencing unpleasant affects. Considering specific research sample, generalizations of the results are limited. This is quantitative research which does not enable to examine phenomenological nuances of flow experience that are usually examined. Qualitative research, but also personality characteristics, age of musicians and length of musical practise would give another view on examined relations. Despite some limitations, our results confirm theoretical assumptions and research studies. They refer to the function of flow experience in musical activity and especially to life meaningfulness as important factor of subjective well-being.
EN
The article reviews the subjects of music in the field of pre-school and early school education proposed by selected universities. The characteristics of selected courses with a music profile were carried out, taking into account the number of hours devoted to their implementation, and the objectives and curriculum content included in the course cards were also discussed. Attention is paid to the components of pedagogical qualifications necessary in conducting music education classes – the teacher is the key to the proper functioning of the educational system and the future of the pupils depends on their competences, motivation and personality. Conclusions from the conducted analysis are presented in the end.
PL
W artykule dokonano przeglądu proponowanych przez wybrane uczelnie wyższe przedmiotów o profilu muzycznym na kierunku pedagogika przedszkolna i wczesnoszkolna. Przeprowadzono charakterystykę wybranych kursów o profilu muzycznym z uwzględnieniem liczby godzin przeznaczonych na ich realizację, omówione zostały również cele i treści programowe zawarte w kartach kursów. Zwrócono uwagę na komponenty kwalifikacji pedagogicznych niezbędne w prowadzeniu zajęć umuzykalniających – nauczyciel bowiem jest kluczem do właściwego funkcjonowania systemu edukacyjnego i to od jego kompetencji, motywacji i cech osobowościowych zależy przyszłość wychowanków. W zakończeniu przedstawiono wnioski z przeprowadzonej analizy.
EN
The author exposes theoretical substantiation as well as practical utilization of new integrative musical-dramatic activities which have become a part of the latest textbooks and methodical handbooks of musical education in Slovak elementary schools. He brings forth basic information on the method of creative drama as well as its application in both school and after-school musical education.
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