Search results - CEJSH

1

Rechtsextremismus – Seine Bezüge auf die germanische Kultur und die nordisch-germanische Mythologie

100%

Gondek A.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2022

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issue 22

437-442

EN

In the review article is the book by Georg Schuppener disscused under the title “The shadows of the ancestors. The reception of Germanic culture on the German-speaking far right”. This is the next book by the author, in which on the one hand he touches on topics related to the language of German far right, on the other hand he points out the different references, e.g. to Germanic history, culture or mythology, which right-wing extremists use to form their identity, tradition and to legitimize and underpin their beliefs and activities. As an introduction, the author explains the current state of research and what he believes to be the research deficits, as well as the concept and organizational forms of the far right. Georg Schuppener takes the diverse material for his research from social media, websites of right-wing extremist groups and their forums, and also analyzes song lyrics of the far-right bands. However, the author goes further in his research and examines the websites of the Internet shops that offer the far-right propaganda publications, clothing and music. Based on the corpus, he explains how and for what purposes various references to Germanic culture and Norse-Germanic mythology are realized by the far-right scene. He analyzes the wide range of T-shirts, jewellery, everyday objects or stickers that are used as carriers of symbolism related to Germanic cultural history or that convey messages of violence.

2

Rzecz o wiernej Penelopie. Reinterpretacja mitu o Odyseuszu jako propozycja lekcji o żeńskiej perspektywie

100%

Miksiewicz N.

Filoteknos

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2022

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issue 12

147-160

EN

The protagonists created by the Canadian writer Margaret Atwood are characterized by a constant struggle for survival, searching for identity and the voice that was taken away from them for various reasons. One of such protagonists is Penelope, immortalized in history thanks to Homer and addicted to the story of a man – her husband Odysseus. The article aims to present Penelopiada not only as a reinterpretation of a myth but also as an interesting reading proposal for high school students, which can be presented as an interpretative context when discussing texts from antiquity.

3

The Symbol of the Phoenix in the Catacombs of Priscilla in Rome and Its Transformation in Early Christianity

100%

Kardis M., Tlučková D.

The Biblical Annals

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2022

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vol. 12

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issue 1

65-88

EN

The presented study deals with the oldest Christian depiction of a phoenix found in the Catacombs of Priscilla in Rome. Since catacomb art is a narrative depiction of biblical stories, it is important to incorporate the motive of phoenix into historical context. The study performs analysis and comparison the links and connections of the phoenix symbol in pagan and Christian thought. As Christian iconography is associated with allegorical symbols, the intention is to anticipate the meaning, origin and etymology of the phoenix symbol. The article therefore summarizes how the symbol and position of the phoenix found in the catacombs evolved from Egyptian myths through Greek and Roman culture to the transformation in Christian literature and Christian thought, especially in the Gospel of John, which connects the symbol of the phoenix with the palm and Lazarus.

4

Społeczno-religijne uwarunkowania wczesnej kultury chińskiej

100%

Kierzkowski K.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

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2014

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vol. 12

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issue 1

117-132

EN

The claim that all living creatures constitute a wholeness in the world of nature is a primary thought of the Chinese philosophy. It links both cosmological and anthropological motifs. Living creatures are interconnected and interdependent. The world of nature is tao. Tao is wholeness. The world of nature is in constant flux set by progressive cycles in which individual changes take place. When the world of nature remains stable, it reaches equilibrium. Life can develop in a harmonious way. Chinese anthropology treats the human as a microcosm of the world of nature. Man is an intermediary between Heaven and Earth and a descendant of the interpolating cosmic and earthly powers. An ideogram, found in China, presents the human figure as a tree rooted in the Earth, with hands outstretched like branches towards Heaven, deriving power from both above and below.

5

Atlantyda jako mit nie-grecki, czyli o mitach w kulturze popularnej

100%

Czarcińska K., Warszawski U., Katarzyna Czarcińska − the University of Warsaw t. I. o. C. S. B.

Collectanea Philologica

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2015

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vol. Numer specjalny

EN

The article focuses on the issue of reception of ancient myths in popular culture. As popular culture is known for vast use of different ancient myths in many productions, the question may be raised, if they can be still named as ‘ancient’. With the example of the drowned peninsula of Orr in Guild Wars video games, which is compared with the Atlantis isle of Plato, the article proves that despite structural similarity of the story, these two are different myths. The myth of Atlantis is shaped by the Greek culture, which is oriented on the past, with strong conviction that the human race is heading towards destruction. The story of Orr reflects immersion in present time and the need to bury the past once and forever. Therefore, popular culture creates its own mythology, which is named as the mythology of popular culture.

6

Causa „Černoboh bamberský“

100%

Podolan P.

Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

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2015

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vol. 18

83-99

EN

Ján Kollár (1793 – 1852) was well known Slovak representative, celebrated poet and ideologist. However his scientific career is still not well illuminated. This paper focuses on Kollár's interest in history and his discovery of the supposed Slavic pagan idol. During the honeymoon in autumn 1835 Kollár visited town Bamberg in Germany. Near entrances of the Bamberg cathedral he found two ancient sculptures of lions and copied supposed runic inscription. He believed that they represent Slavic deity "Černoboh" [Dark/Evil God] and that the inscription is evidence of the runic letters of the ancient Slavs. About his discovery he wrote to friends. Pavel Jozef Šafárik (1795 – 1861) informed the scientific spheres and also German scientists began to occupy themselves with problems of the sculptures and inscription. Although the final achievements proved that the inscription was not real Slavic relic and sculptures were created in the Middle Ages, Kollár believed in their authenticity for the rest of his life. The discovery also influenced his later scholar activities, when he became a professor of Slavic archaeology and occupied himself with problems so-called "Prillwitz idols".

7

Muutide ja muistendite roll prantsuse antropoloogias

100%

Fournier L. S.

Mäetagused

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2012

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vol. 51

49–58

EN

The article introduces research into myths and legends in French anthropology, giving a general theoretical and historical overview of the discipline and its trends. Among the approximately five hundred abstracts, which have recently been published in “Fichier Central des Thèses”, the database of French higher educational institutions, and which include the word “myth” either in the heading or the body of the text, less than 5% are researches into ethnology or anthropology, whereas the others come from the field of literary studies, psychology, sociology, linguistics, politology, etc. This proves that myths cover a considerably wider range of disciplines than anthropological studies. This brief overview presents only a part of the diverse and complicated French myth and legend studies. From the point of view of terminology, it would be essential to establish if all the authors who discuss the notion of the myth mean one and the same thing. The article focuses on anthropology, disregarding research into stories and legends in literary disciplines and myth-critical trends, as well as myth studies carried out by psychologists. Recent studies using myths in a figurative meaning – for instance, politology – have not been included either. Only printed materials have been used, leaving aside cultural activities, including museums, where myths, folk tales and legends find wider response than among the readers of academic publications. The facts presented in the article direct the reader to the key texts, in order to arouse curiosity and interest in this so far poorly studied topic in the era where anthropology is meant to regulate, above all, social and intercultural problems.

8

Divine Wrath in Ancient Egypt

100%

Joseph A.

Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)

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2018

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vol. XXXI

27-65

EN

This article aims at examining the theme of divine wrath according to Egyptian religious beliefs, in connection with deities and worshippers. It is a matter of theological concern to examine the theme of divine wrath in various texts describing the rage of deities. The paper thoroughly discusses the theme of divine wrath, its addressees, effects, purposes, provocations, and the possibility of avoidance and pacification, as well as the linguistic expressions of wrath. It discusses the notion of wrath, its perceived consequences and infliction on the deities, living humans and the deceased. It also examines divine wrath in relation to the experience of suffering and affliction as well as that of protection and welfare. The analysis provides information on the core of the Egyptian religion investigated from the perspective of wrath.

9

Lexicon of Albanian mythology: areal studies in the polylingual region of Azov Sea

100%

Novik A. A.

Slavia Meridionalis

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2015

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vol. 15

EN

Lexicon of Albanian mythology: areal studies in the polylingual region of Azov SeaFour villages with Albanian population are located in the Ukraine: Karakurt (Zhovtnevoe) set up in 1811 (Odessa region), Tyushki (Georgievka), Dzhandran (Gammovka) and Taz (Devninskoe) set up in 1862 (Zaporizh’a region). The analysis of lexica of the Albanian subdialect of the Ukraine shows the continuation of the use of mythological terminology between the districts of the South-Eastern Albania (Korça, Devoll, Kolonja) and the Albanian-speaking villages of the Azov Sea region.The Albanian subdialect of the Ukraine has no collective lexeme to designate all the representatives of the demonic world. The most common forms of denotation are these: nok janë të prastúrë (lit. ‘they are unclean’), shpírti nok i prastúrë (lit. ‘unclean spirit’).There are a large number of stories about the transformation of people into the animals – dogs, cats, goats, foxes, chickens etc. and even into things (the most common plot variant is about transformation of a man into a wheel).Also we observe the personification of the steppe wind among the Albanians of the Ukraine. Thus there is a special word for such a kind of wind in this subdialect – varalluzhg/ë, –a (‘varaluzhga’).The Balkan peoples believe that the fate of every individual is assigned by three mythological characters. Most of them, including the Albanians, consider that these three characters are female. They appear several hours after the child’s birth and assign its fate. The Albanians of the Ukraine keep these beliefs, but according to their system of mythological images, there are three men determining the child’s fate instead of three women. As the native consultants claim, these are three huge, tall and strong black men (tri burre qysh japin fatnë). Another variation on this theme comprises the stories about Christ’s disciples, the apostles and their followers, who can also determine the child’s fate. Leksyka mitologii albańskiej. Badania arealne w wielojęzycznym regionie Morza AzowskiegoNa Ukrainie znajdują się cztery albańskie wsie: Karakurt (Zhovtnevoe) założona w 1811 roku (rejon Odessy), Tyushki (Georgievka), Dzhandran (Gammovka) oraz Taz (Devninskoe) założone w 1862 roku (rejon Zaporoża). Analiza leksyki gwar albańskich na Ukrainie wykazuje kontynuację terminologii mitologicznej z terenu południowo-wschodniej Albanii (Korça, Devoll, Kolonja).W gwarze albańskiej Ukrainy brak wspólnej nazwy na istoty ze świata demonów. Najczęściej używa się określeń: nok janë të prastúrë (dosłownie ‘są nieczyste’), shpírti nok i prastúrë (‘duch nieczysty’).Istnieje bardzo dużo opowieści o przemienianiu się ludzi w zwierzęta – psy, koty, kozy, lisy, kurczaki i in., a nawet w przedmioty (najczęstszy wątek mówi o przemianie człowieka w koło). Istnieje także motyw personifikacji stepowego wiatru – w omawianym dialekcie nosi on nazwę – varalluzhg/ë, –a.Na Bałkanach popularne było wierzenie, że los każdego człowieka związany jest z trzema mitycznymi istotami. Większość narodów bałkańskich, w tym Albańczycy, uważają, że istoty te są rodzaju żeńskiego, zjawiają się w kilka godzin po narodzinach dziecka i określają jego przyszłość. Albańczycy z Ukrainy zachowali samo wierzenie, lecz w ich mitologicznym uniwersum istoty te są rodzaju męskiego. Są to, według miejscowych informatorów, trzej potężni, wysocy i silni czarni mężczyźni (tri burre qysh japin fatnë). Inny wariant tego wątku mówi, że mogą to być uczniowie Chrystusa, apostołowie i ich następcy.

10

Язык государствообразующего народа. Об одной поправке к российской конституции в контексте мифологической функции законодательного текста

88%

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2021

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vol. 2

213-224

EN

In the conditions of a rule-of-law state, the Constitution is the main reference point of its legal system, while in the realities of modern society living in a state governed by the rule of law, it may also have significant symbolic functions. The new wording of Article 68 of the Russian Constitution, proposed in the law of 2020 on the amendment to the Constitution, defines the state language – Russian – as "the language of the state-forming nation belonging to the multinational union of equal nations of the Russian Federation". In this article, this term is analyzed as evidence of the strategy to impose mythological functions on the legislative text. In case of the concept of "Russian language", this strategy manifested itself already in 2005 in the federal law on the State language, which established the status of the Russian language as a tool to "strengthen inter-ethnic relations in a unified multi-ethnic State". The law on the amendment of the Russian Constitution goes beyond the very introduction of mythological components into the legal text and presents a strategy to legitimize mythology through an act of general vote.

11

Zvieratá a svet nadprirodzena v slovenskej a slovinskej frazeológii

88%

Kmecová S.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2021

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issue 21

35-52

EN

Phraseological stocks of all languages contain numerous phrasemes with zoonym components. Inthe paper the author deals with Slovak and Slovene zoonym phrasemes which demonstrate ancient ideas of ancestors about interconnections between animals and the world of the supernatural, in relevant cases she also deals with other phenomena related to the subject of the paper. A number of phraseological units reflect the belief that animals used to have the ability to sense upcoming events, predict the weather, misfortune or death. The units listed in the paper are often rather archaic, however, many of them are still in use or the idea they represent is still alive. The analysed language material has shown similarity not only between Slovak and Slovene languages but also between the mental concepts which form the language picture of the world of their users.

SL

Frazeologické fondy všetkých jazykov obsahujú početnú skupinu frazém so zoonymickými komponentmi. V štúdii sa autorka zaoberá slovenskými a slovinskými zoonymickými frazémami, ktoré akýmkoľvek spôsobom reflektujú starobylé predstavy predkov o prepojení medzi zvieratami a svetom nadprirodzena, v relevantných prípadoch sa venuje i samotným názvom zvierat či ďalším fenoménom súvisiacim s témou príspevku. Množstvo frazeologických jednotiek odráža vieru, že zvieratá mali schopnosť vycítiť nadchádzajúce udalosti, predpovedať počasie, zvestovať nešťastie či smrť. V príspevku uvedené jednotky sú často staršieho dáta, mnohé z nich sa však ešte stále bežne používajú, alebo je živý s nimi spojený myšlienkový obsah. Analýza jazykového materiálu preukázala nielen príbuznosť slovenského a slovinského jazyka, ale i mentálnych konceptov, ktoré spoluutvárajú jazykový obraz sveta ich nositeľov.

12

Erotic Date-Palms in Ammianus Marcellinus (Res gestae, XXIV,3,12–13)

88%

Hilton J.

Listy filologické (Folia philologica)

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2015

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vol. 138

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issue 3-4

213-229

EN

Herodotus, Theophrastus, Pliny the Elder, Achilles Tatius, Philostratus, and other writers in antiquity provide similar descriptions of the fertilization of date palms in Mesopotamia. However, although all these narratives bear a general resemblance to one another, none can be proven to be the direct source of Ammianus Marcellinus’s version (Res Gestae, XXIV,3,12–13). Instead this article argues that his account was influenced by contemporary oral retellings of an Assyrian fertility myth.

13

EARTH MOTHER AND SKY FATHER GENDERED ARCHETYPES IN NORTHROP FRYE’S WORK

88%

TÓTH S.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2014

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vol. 6

23-41

EN

This paper proposes a reading of Northrop Frye‘s work in the context of certain conflicting claims of feminist theories. On the one hand, postmodern thinkers advocating gender scepticism question the legitimacy of comprehensive communal symbols; on the other hand, building on the binaries of gender, feminists continue to perform a useful critique of the extremely ―masculine‖ values of Western culture. I argue that Frye‘s unique distinction between primary concern (mythology) and secondary concern (ideology) can be used to theorize the difference between archetype and stereotype, and thus to distinguish the ideological and oppressive from the nourishing and liberating aspects of gendered imagery in our culture. And ultimately, Frye‘s typological dialectic provides a way of going beyond the binaries of gender towards the interpenetration of masculine and feminine, subject and object, culture and nature.

14

Ciemności egipskie, kimeryjskie, zewnętrzne. Znaczenia jednostek frazeologicznych na tle porównawczym

88%

Breyvo N.

Poradnik Językowy

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2023

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vol. 801

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issue 2

91-104

EN

This article discusses the origin of Polish phraseological units for complete darkness (ciemności egipskie, ciemności kimeryjskie, ciemności zewnętrzne) compared to their Russian and English equivalents and presents the peculiarities of their meanings perceived from the angle of their sources and a texts of many varieties.

15

Julius Zeyer i Stanisław Wyspiański. Modernistyczny projekt krytycznej mitologii narodowej

88%

Mielczarek J., Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza I. F. l. S., Ph.D. b.

Collectanea Philologica

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2014

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vol. 17

EN

The Czech and Polish modernistic project of the critical national mythology is, in general, a form of the artist’s discussion with his own cultural tradition which was represented by the common, collective awareness. This collective awareness was, at that time, deprived of official form, due to the lack of state independence. In the works of Stanisław Wyspiański and Julius Zeyer, we can see the aspiration to achieve the recent, non-fixed look at the national tradition in its literary shape. There was the idea of tragic conflict which has been used by Wyspiański, first of all, in the cycle of his historical plays: Bolesław Śmiały and Skałka. Julius Zeyer’s most famous work, the epic poem named Vyšehrad, refers to the most important tradition of Czech romanticism, namely, to the way of the functioning of folklore in literary tradition. Zeyer also took up the discussion with the tradition of the alleged medieval manuscripts (the so-called Rukopis královédvorský and Rukopis zelenohorský) and suggested a critical using of national mythology. Critical – in this case – means: non-particular, non-provincial, opened to influence and reinterpretation.

16

Moc bezmocných jako legitimizační vyprávění

88%

Češka J.

Miscellanea Posttotalitariana Wratislaviensia

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2015

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vol. 3: Elity w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej po roku 1989

157 - 169

EN

The article is concerned with an analysis of Václav Havel’s essay The Power of the Powerless from the perspective of narratology and of the Barthean mythology. The persuasive power of the essay derives not only from Havel’s diagnosis of the collective mendacity in the “normalized” Czechoslovakia but above all from the author’s deft use of various literary devices. From this vantage point The Power of the Powerless cannot be considered an accurate mirror of Czecho-slovak society but, instead, a closely knit symbolic field which projects a specific semantic perspective. This paper focuses on the narrative techniques employed by Havel to create such a perspective.

17

О личним именима митолошких бића у неким словенским клетвама и фразеологији

88%

Раденковић Љ.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2012

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issue 3

EN

The topic of the paper is the interpretation of the motivation for the personal names of certain mythological beings in curses and phrases of Slavic peoples. Curses, as well as certain phraseologisms, can preserve the names long-forgotten in the mythical and religious systems. However, due to their lapidarity and lack of ritual context, these names create the opportunity for different interpretations. The paper analyzes the meanings of names, with a mythological connotation: Maren, Ivan/Jovan,Andjelija,Jana/Janja, and Vid/Vidok.

18

Art, Mythology and Cyborgs

88%

Nolasco A.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2015

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issue 1

104-111

EN

We aim to understand how different conceptions of the world coexisted, were creat-ed and maintained, and to understand the differences between classical and contempo-rary mythology in the art context. Are we living in post-mythological times? Is there a pattern or a semblance of structure in both classical mythology and contemporary myths such as the cyborg? Can we stretch the definition of mythology so that it encom-passes everything that in some way tries to imbue a sense of order in the chaos of human life?

19

Přínos jednotlivých vědních oborů ke studiu slovanské mytologie

88%

Mačuda J.

Národopisný věstník

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2009

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vol. 26_(68)

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issue 1

240-251

EN

This contribution brings survey of historical sources, findings of archaeology, linguistics, religionistics and especially ethnography. It also includes an informative survey of research evolution with references to essential literature. It tries to point out that synthesis of findings of humanities is absolutely neccessary because none of the mentioned disciplines can continue in separate research effectively. Only interdisciplinarity can bring successful findings in the future.

20

Mity i archetypy w badaniach nad organizacją

88%

Izak M.

Prakseologia

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2013

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issue 154

33-71

EN

This paper explores the role of myths and archetypes in organizational research. The notion of myth is introduced and theories regarding the origins of mythology are discussed. Myth’s typical features and its role in shaping social reality are considered to better understand the role of mythology in modern organizations. The role of archetype in organizational myth is also emphasized. Analysis of examples of organizational mythologies is combined with methodological insights regarding the ways in which myths and archetypes can be studied in different organizational contexts. The study not only aims to improve comprehension of key assumptions, theories and concepts involved in studying organizational mythologies, but also to enhance the ability to apply this method of organizational analysis.

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