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Painajakogemusest raakimine internetifoorumites

100%
Reet H.
Mäetagused
|
2015
|
vol. 59
51-74
EN
The article focuses on sharing nightmare experience on Internet forums. The author discusses how people, who, as a rule, are not active carriers of a consistent nightmare lore, speak about this phenomenon, how and on the basis of which sources they define and interpret their experience, and which dynamics become manifest in solving ideological arguments. One of the objectives of the article is to find out if we could, in spite of the fact that nightmare forum users are rather random and with very different backgrounds, regard them as a lore community, who, in their interaction, verbalise and interpret an individual’s experience as consistent with the existing tradition. Also, the material obtained from the forums is compared with older nightmare texts, in order to highlight the features inherent in present-day material. In light of the forum material concerned with nightmare lore, we could agree with Susana Arroyo Redondo (2006: 2), researcher of culture and literature, who has stated that old legends, protective phrases, evil spirits and deities have evolved in the same rhythm as new technologies, and the Internet has provided them with a privileged circulation platform (Redondo 2006: 2). As nightmare experience is intensely perceptible both physically and mentally, it is hard to ignore. Discussions about nightmares on Internet forums abound in references to a number of different belief and cultural traditions (older Estonian folklore, New Age literature, horror movies, medical explanations), which are creatively combined within forum discussions. The discussants are connected by means of a similar experience and related emotions, as well as exchange of information and disputes about defining their experiences and protective measures, and the wish to free them from this experience, which is regarded as abnormal and morbid – so, communication processes on the forums can be compared to those occurring in classical lore communities. Yet, the folklorisation process of present-day nightmare experiences is influenced by explanation versions with many more motifs and a multicultural background, and the variability of helpful measures is much higher (for example, self-created incantations and protective measures borrowed from other cultures). Archival texts mainly reveal the narrator’s firm understanding of what kind of being caused their supernatural experience, whereas present-day forum posts show ample hesitation in defining the experience and its causes. The shapes in which the nightmare appeared were also different. While in older lore the nightmare could have appeared in the shape of an animal, then the contemporary nightmare is almost exclusively depicted as anthropomorphic. It could be noted that even if many motifs known from older Estonian lore were repetitive in forum conversations, the specificity of forum conversations created a novel group dynamics (for instance, certain patterns in opposing other users). Unlike older texts, forum discussions present also parallel discourses of modern science and medicine; however, the main emphasis still lies on magical and supernatural nightmare experience.
2
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Vybavování snů a nočních můr ve vztahu ke kvalitě spánku a vnitřním hranicím

72%
Šídlová V.
E-psychologie (E-psychology)
|
2015
|
vol. 9
|
issue 2
14-25
EN
The dream is a mental activity which is proceeding while somebody is sleeping. One of the research options is the dream recall frequency. The aim of this work is to find out the relation of the dream recall frequency to some personal characteristics, using the quantitative research. 223 adults got involved in the research. Several types of questionnaires were used, such as: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Boundary Personality Questionnaire and the Questionnaire of Dreams. It was demonstrated by the correlational analysis that there is a relationship between dream recall frequency and the permeability of inner boundaries, the interest in dreams and the age. There was also found a relationship between the quality of sleep and the dream recall. It was also demonstrated that women recall dreams statistically significantly more often than men. A specific type of dream is a nightmare – it is typical with its negative content and with the retirement awakening. There was found a correlation between the frequency of nightmares and the permeability of inner boundaries, the dream recall frequency and the quality of sleep. Moreover, there was found a relation of the frequency of nightmares with the age and sex.
CS
Sen je mentální aktivita probíhající ve spánku. Jednou z možností zkoumání snů je frekvence jejich vybavování. Cílem této práce bylo zjistit pomocí kvantitativních metod vztah frekvence vybavování snů k některým osobnostním charakteristikám. Výzkumu se zúčastnilo 223 dospělých osob. Použity byly tyto dotazníky: Pittsburský index kvality spánku, Dotazník hranic osobnosti a Dotazník týkající se snů. Korelační analýzou byl prokázán vztah mezi frekvencí vybavování snů a propustností vnitřních hranic, zájmem o sny a věkem. Byla nalezena souvislost mezi vybavováním snů a kvalitou spánku. Též bylo prokázáno, že ženy si vybavují sny častěji než muži. Specifickým snem je noční můra, typická negativním obsahem a předčasným probuzením. Byla zjištěna korelace mezi frekvencí nočních můr a propustností vnitřních hranic, frekvencí vybavování snů a kvalitou spánku. Dále byla nalezena souvislost frekvence nočních můr s věkem a s pohlavím.
3
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Teatr w kalejdoskopie – od bajki do koszmaru (kilka uwag o roli teatru w trylogii Podwójny teatr Nikołaja Jewreinowa)

72%
Gracla J.
Studia Wschodniosłowiańskie
|
2021
|
vol. 21
23-31
EN
In the presented sketch, the author indicates the problem of changing the approach to the role of theater in human life in three works by Nikolai Yevreinov: A Beautiful Despot, What is Most Important and The Theater of Eternal War. The author initially perceives theater as an attempt to build an artificial reality for his own convenience and whim, so it is an escape from reality. In subsequent plays, his image changes – at first it becomes a beautiful fairy tale, an attempt at therapy and making people happy using theatrical methods. In the final part of the Double Theater trilogy, it becomes a method of revealing the true face. However, as the author points out, this is not the only way to understand the role of theater – it can also be just theater – another artificial reality.
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