This article refers to lacuna as an ethnopsycholinguistic research category. Absolute language lacunas, which are revealed in the comparison of the German and Polish language and culture in relation to lexis, will be characterized in more detail. Their presence is both a sign and a cause of non-equivalence. They can be eliminated in the delacunisation process by applying concrete translation strategies.
This article deals with the current state of development of two main categories of modern translation theory: “untranslatability” and “non-equivalence”. Untranslatability belongs to translation-theoretic universals and is a binary category. The essence of the phenomenon, its nature, as well as such concepts as “translation losses”, “untranslatable units”, “translatological classification of text types” are considered. The differences in the meaning of the concepts “untranslatability” and “non-equivalence” are described. The article objective is to show actuality and pecularity of their manifistation in the context of the Russian and German languages.
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