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EN
Autobiographies – it’s not only literary phenomenon – it’s connected with society and media as well. Can we think about this kind of publications like about every different kind of books: focus on style, value writers technique or the only one important criterion is truth and the best measure of success is popularity in media based on scandalous facts from life? How are autobiographies connected with Polish and global literature? Why do people already well-known because of their work, skills or success in art or Policy decise to write abort themselves? Are polish readers ready to see real faces of important, famous people, authorities? Here in this article an author is trying to find answers for all those and more questions abort (auto)biographies.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy tendencji demaskatorskich w polskim teatrze dokumentalnym. W pierwszej części Autorka podejmuje próbę ujęcia differentia specifica teatru dokumentalnego i rozważa przyczyny zwiększonego zainteresowania tym nurtem zarówno ze strony profesjonalnych krytyków, jak i potocznych widzów. Druga część tekstu stanowi analizę spektaklu Zakonnice odchodzą po cichu, zrealizowanego w opolskim Teatrze im. Jana Kochanowskiego. Przedstawienie powstało na kanwie głośnego reportażu Marty Abramowicz, która przeprowadziła dwadzieścia rozmów z byłymi mniszkami. Twórczynie spektaklu poszerzyły jego spektrum tematyczne o problem aktorstwa i poszukiwały analogii pomiędzy powołaniem zakonnym i misją społeczną aktora. Rozważając problem demaskatorskiego charakteru nagrodzonego Złotą Maską dzieła teatralnego, Autorka konstatuje, iż dotyczy ono kwestii tabuizowanych w publicznym dyskursie i dlatego generuje tak silne emocje widzów. Relacje sióstr, które odeszły z zakonu to ich subiektywna prawda, to zwierzenia intencjonalnie hiperbolizujące ciemną stronę zakonnej rzeczywistości. Niemniej przełamują one milczenie na temat realiów zakonnego życia i animują dyskusję dotyczącą podrzędnej roli kobiet w strukturach Kościoła. Teatr dokumentalny ma zatem potencjał odkrywania treści niepopularnych, traktowanych jako społeczne tabu.
PL
Przypadek hrabiny Cornelii Zangheri ne’ Bandi w dwóch tekstach XVIII w. z punktu widzenia gatunku non-fiction Streszczenie Artykuł przedstawia dwa teksty z XVIII w. dotyczące wydarzenia, które miało miejscew mieście Cesena w 1731 r.: Parere sopra la cagione della morte della Signora ContessaCornelia Zangheri ne’ Bandi cesenate esposto in una lettera al signor co. Ottolino Ottolini daGiuseppe Bianchini canonico di Verona oraz Relazione del funestissimo evento della SignoraCornelia Zangheri ne’ Bandi occorso li 20 Marzo 1731 in Cesena (anonimowy rękopis, któregoautorem jest prawdopodobnie Scipione Maffei). Te dwa teksty zostały poddane analiziez punktu widzenia gatunku non-fiction, aby odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy stanowią oneprzykład tego gatunku, chociaż ante litteram. Słowa kluczowe: non fiction, Giuseppe Bianchini, Cornelia Zangheri, XVIII w., kronika   The case of the Countess Cornelia Zangheri ne’ Bandi in two 18th century worksfrom non-fiction point of view Abstract The article presents the 18th century texts regarding an event that occurred in Cesena in1731: Parere sopra la cagione della morte della Signora Contessa Cornelia Zangheri ne’ Bandicesenate esposto in una lettera al signor co. Ottolino Ottolini da Giuseppe Bianchini canonicodi Verona oraz Relazione del funestissimo evento della Signora Cornelia Zangheri ne’ Bandioccorso li 20 Marzo 1731 in Cesena (anonymous manuscript whose author is most probablyScipone Maffei). Those two texts were analyzed from the non-fiction point of view in order toanswer the question whether they are examples of said genre, even if ante litteram. Keywords: non fiction, Giuseppe Bianchini, Cornelia Zangheri, 18th century, chronicle
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Narracje faktograficzne w światach dystopijnych

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The herein paper explores dystopian storyworlds in terms of factual narratives. However, the factual element among the fictional world does not necessarily refer to an actual world (e.g. “Our Ford” from the Huxley’s Brave New World). It is rather a being that is claimed to be factual from the fictional universe’s perspective. Hence, a variety of fictional diaries, archival recordings, private notes of fictional characters or definitions from non-existing encyclopedias – however fantastic they may be from the realistic perspective – they are factual in terms of what is real and what is not within the fictional storyworld. Consequently, the Wookiepedia (encyclopedia of Star Wars) is purely fictional within an actual world (however, it still exists in the “real” Internet) but is obviously factual for any citizen of the Star Wars universe. The paper examines how the “factual” narratives existing within the fictional dystopian storyworlds influence the whole story and what are the most popular forms of their appearance in such a novels.
EN
Iwona Chmielewska’s picturebook abc.de published in 2015 has been called a ‘dictionary’, ‘primer’, ‘ABC book’ and it has been compared to an encyclopaedia. Early-concept or concept books have been mentioned in its context, as well as the title of other books by Chmielewska, ‘thinking ABC’, this time as a specific name for a particular type of work. The terms ‘rebus’, ‘puzzle’, ‘riddle’, ‘intellectual game’ also appear frequently. All this together suggests how complex and multi-layered the book is and how much it draws on various forms. The aim of this article, therefore, is to look at what forms, in what way and for what purpose Iwona Chmielewska uses in abc.de and how it all relates to contemporary trends in the development of non-fiction picturebooks.
EN
The article confronts two ways of organizing the memory of Spanish Transition: one represented by Javier Cercas (Anatomía de un instante, El impostor), who turns to a novel without fiction, and the other proposed by Jordi Évole in Operación Palace, which is a fake documentary. The analysis allows to detect the great thematic axes of the memory of Transition, especially that of consensus, and go deeper into its potential subversive load.
EN
The paper focuses on genealogical aspects of three interwar novels by Jalu Kurek – Andrzej Panik, Grypa szaleje w Naprawie, Woda wyżej) – which have often been described by critics as “reportage novels”. The author examines the past critical reception of the novels and the intentio auctioris. The main goal of the article is to suggest a more capacious genealogical term: the journalistic novel.
EN
The article is dedicated to ways in which authors of the socialist realism novel used the poetics of the non-fiction literature (mainly reportage). Perceiving a work of art as a cultural fact of political character had serious consequences. The literary creation was to be replaced by a reportage storyline. The outer reality was depicted in accordance with top-down guidelines of propaganda. Two strategies were used: linking poetics of documentary with belles lettres and incorporating elements typical of non-fiction literature to fiction. At the same time genological “light-heartedness” of authors of socialist realism makes it now difficult to decide about typological affiliation of those works.
EN
In the present paper the discourse of sexuality in writers’ diaries of the 20th century is presented: how the authors wrote about love and passion, what the difference between masculine and feminine discourses was and what influenced the forming of these discourses. It was proved that women, due to their depressed sexuality in patriarchal society, perceived sexual attraction as a display of love and endowed it with mysticism which included the desirable and the forbidden, whereas men separated love from passion, wrote openly about sex, had a disrespectful attitude to their mistresses and tried to humiliate women who refused them.
EN
The paper is devoted to the study of mediation and mediators in ego-documentary prose. The are nine possibilities of mediation formation in the diary (Taras Shevchenko’s “Diary” is taken as a sample): 1) by means of memories, 2) as dictated by heart, 3) by means of emotional temporitum, 4) through the actualization of personalities, 5) as an imitation of the previous genre form, 6) as revision of the past, 7) in dreams, 8) by means of language expression, 9) by using the Bible. Shevchenko’s journal is characterized by the movement of everyday life to the realm of the transcendent. If in the literature of Romanticism the mediators are usually located in the transcendent, then in Shevchenko to this classical landmark of the Romantics is added everyday life as dreamed and transcendent.
EN
The paper is focused on the memory books by czech writer Ignát Herrmann, especially on the problem of border between nonfiction and fictional narrative. Herrmann drawn up his memory books as factual narrative, however but in some parts of his texts we can observe interesting narrative techniques, which shifts the narration towards fictionality. Our goal in this study is detected this parts and analysis them on the background not only the others parts, which are represented factual narration, but in compare with fictional narration by Jan Neruda.  
CS
Studie je zaměřena na vzpomínkové knihy Ignáta Herrmanna, zejména na problematiku hranice mezi non-fikčním a fikčním vyprávěním. Herrmann svoje knihy vzpomínek koncipoval jako faktuální vyprávění, nicméně v některých jeho částech lze pozorovat zvláštní narativní techniky, jež fikcionalizují vyprávění. Naším cílem je tyto části detekovat a analyzovat na pozadí nejen ostatního Herrmannova faktuálního vyprávění, ale také ve srovnání s fikčním u Jana Nerudy.
EN
This article aims to analyse so-called non-fiction on the basis of opinions (particularly those voiced in the daily press) of Juan José Millás (1946), Javier Cercas (1962) and Antonio Muñoz Molina (1956). The preference for this type of literature and the intense journalistic activity of these authors give rise to more general reflection about the role of literature and the writer today in the face of unfavourable changes in the humanities.
ES
El artículo se propone reflexionar en torno a la llamada literatura sin ficción a partir de opiniones (especialmente las expresadas en la prensa diaria) de Juan José Millás (1946), Javier Cercas (1962) y Antonio Muñoz Molina (1956). La predilección por este tipo de literatura, así como una intensa actividad periodística de estos autores, dan lugar a una reflexión más general sobre el papel de la literatura y del escritor en la actualidad, frente a los cambios poco favorables a las humanidades.
EN
L’area della letteratura non-fiction per l’infanzia coinvolta nel trattamento di temi sensibili per l’educazione ecologica ha recentemente mostrato notevoli segni di trasformazione, puntando su una divulgazione all’insegna del piacere e della scoperta, ma mantenendo allo stesso tempo una chiara attenzione per il rispetto di una comunicazione fondata su informazioni scientificamente controllate. Alcuni fattori rilevanti di tale recente evoluzione hanno riguardato la crescente enfasi sugli elementi visivi ed una rinnovata perizia nell’intessere i contenuti della divulgazione scientifica all’interno di soluzioni narrative appassionanti per il lettore. In tal modo, la funzione di divulgazione risulta sempre più contestualizzata dentro forme di racconto capaci di mettere sapientemente in gioco costrutti immaginativi e di stimolare il pensiero critico. Il superamento del paradigma comunicativo di taglio prettamente informativo-contenutistico, tradizionalmente evocato dalla nozione di “letteratura di divulgazione”, e l’integrazione di nuove pratiche di scrittura sensibili alla forma letteraria e narrativa, indicano nel complesso una tendenza utile alla formazione di una “mente ecologica”, capace di valorizzare sapienti intrecci tra le dimensioni del sapere scientifico e il piano dell’assunzione di responsabilità per il destino del pianeta.
IT
The article analyses children’s non-fiction aimed at developing ecological and environmental awareness, with a particular focus on Italian publishing production. On examining recent trends in the domain, it is possible to observe significant elements of change: an increasing focus on the use of captivating narrative techniques and a great attention to the visual element of the book, which functions both as an aesthetic element and as demonstrative evidence. Observably, communication in non-fiction is more and more premised on narrative approaches that cleverly stimulate imaginative and critical thinking skills. Overcoming the purely informative and scientific content-based communicative paradigm, traditionally associated with the notion of non-fiction, and integrating new forms of narrative writing, recent non-fiction exhibits an emotional-affective dimension capable of stimulating critical reflection, ecological awareness and virtuous behaviour for the protection of the environment in all its aspects.
RU
Политическая деятельность Эдуарда Лимонова была направлена на воспитание нового поколения молодых россиян. Можно сказать, что Лимонов частично добился успеха: создал Национал-большевистское движение, притягивающее молодых людей, разочарованных в российской действительности 90-х годов и начала XXI столетия. Тексты, входящие в сборники «Лимонка» в тюрьму и «Лимонка» в войну, являются подтверждением тезиса о воспитании Лимоновым поколения готовых на все идейных молодых людей, активно стремящихся изменить Россию, несмотря на обстоятельства.
EN
In this article, the author shows that Eduard Limonov’s social and political activity was directed not only at achieving short-term political goals, but also at educating a new generation of Russians. As the head of the National-Bolshevik Party, he was a “godfather” to young people disappointed by the Russian reality of the 1990s and the early years of the presidency of Vladimir Putin. The testimonies in the collections entitled “Лимонка” в тюрьму and “Лимонка” в войну demonstrate that Limonov ultimately achieved his goal of shaping a generation of ideologists ready to sacrifice for their homeland.
Zeszyty Naukowe KUL
|
2018
|
vol. 61
|
issue 2
145-165
EN
Sołtysik’s story is devoted to the life and activity of Brother Albert Chmielowski. It is also a work about the phenomenon of holiness, which the author tries to diagnose and describe its distinctive features. Reading The Sign of Love allows us to say that the author of the work depended on the objective and material presentation of the figure of the Father of the Poor, so most of the descriptions and dialogues constructed by him were based on archival materials - documents, letters and opinions of Brother Gray or people directly knowing him. The storyline of this biographical setting is governed by the chronology of events, but the author first explores the themes of the Holy Life, which allow for a spiritual portrait of the hero, as well as answering questions about the source of his conversion, spiritual calling and holiness. Marek Sołtysik, developing the thesis that saints express their times and at the same time overtakes them, tries to convince readers that Brother Albert is also a man of our age, because his spiritual profile and apostolate indicate timeless and cross-generational values – faith, loveand human dignity.
PL
Powieść Marka Sołtysika poświęcona jest życiu i działalności brata Alberta Chmielowskiego. Jest to także dzieło o fenomenie świętości, które autor próbuje zdiagnozować i opisać jego charakterystyczne cechy. Lektura Znaku Miłości pozwala na stwierdzenie, że jej twórcy zależało na obiektywnej, rzeczowej, a tym samym wiarygodnej prezentacji postaci Ojca Ubogich, dlatego większość tworzonych przez niego opisów i dialogów opierała się na materiałach archiwalnych – dokumentach, listach i opiniach Szarego Brata lub osób bezpośrednio go znających. Fabuła tej biograficznej opowieści motywowana jest chronologią wydarzeń, ale autor najpierw bada tematy Świętego Życia, które pozwalają ukazać duchowy portret bohatera, a także odpowiada na pytania o źródło jego nawrócenia, duchowego powołania i świętości. Marek Sołtysik, rozwijając tezę, że święci wyrażają swoje czasy, a zarazem te czasy wyprzedzają, próbuje przekonać czytelników, że Brat Albert jest również człowiekiem naszej epoki, gdyż jego profil duchowy i apostolstwo wskazują na wartości ponadczasowe i ponadpokoleniowe – wiarę, miłość, godność osoby ludzkiej.
EN
Looking for new sources of inspiration, authors of crime stories begin to combine literary fiction with historical facts. Thanks to that they create quasi-documentary narratives in which crime serves as a pretext to show historical settings (in Hanna Sokołowska’s novel the setting are the 1970s). This way the reader can be culturally embedded in “post-memory.”
DE
Der Band enthält die Abstracts ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.
EN
Svetlana Alexievich, a Belarusian writer and journalist, an author of many books and theatrical plays, Nobel Laureate in Literature, deals in her writings with subjects connected with events in the USSR as well as the place and role of “a small human being” in the history of these events. Alexievich’s books discuss the themes of World War II, the war in Afghanistan, the Chernobyl disaster and so on. The author selects difficult themes in the centre of which is found the human being. In a lifethreatening situation the behaviour of man is, in Alexievich’s opinion, most true. The thematic oppositions: life-death, joy-sadness, Afghanistanmotherland, war-peace, truth-untruth enable the writer to show the changes that are taking place in the life and psyche of a person. The book Boys in Zinc is a presentation of talks with Russian soldiers who came back from the war in Afghanistan and the mothers of the soldiers who died there. The writer depicts the Afghan War as an amoral event both for the USSR and the Afghan nation. The brutal experiences in the front line, the undermined mental and physical health make up the core of the book. The naturalistic depiction of truth, fear of death, inner struggles of the heroes, the soldiers’ and their mothers’ dreams of meeting each other, all this is portrayed by Alexievich in a convincing and unique way in Boys in Zinc.
FR
Le numéro contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.
RU
Том содержит аннотаций на английском языке.
EN
The author writes about the new book of Wojciech Tochman’s reports for which Grzegorz Wełnicki has made photos. She confronts two different looking on poverty and so called True Manila – excursions organized in Philippines. The role of photo in report has been underlined in the article also. The author appeals for Roland Barthes’s theory about punctum and studium in photo. In the text other feature has been emphasized – Eli, Eli is also the report autothematic, is the metareport. The author writes about moral dilemas in the work of reporter and photographer.
PL
Autorka opisuje, nie omawiany dotąd szeroko, tom reportaży Wojciecha Tochmana, do których fotografie zrobił Grzegorz Wełnicki. Konfrontuje więc dwa różne spojrzenia na problem biedy i tzw. wycieczek True Manila organizowanych na Filipinach. W artykule podkreślona została także rola zdjęcia w reportażu. Autorka odwołuje się przy tym do znanej teorii Rolanda Barthesa, mówiącej o punctum i studium zdjęcia. W tekście uwypuklona została i inna cecha tomu Eli, Eli, jest to bowiem również reportaż autotematyczny, swoisty metareportaż. Autorka pisze także o dylematach moralnych towarzyszących pracy reportażysty i fotografa.
EN
This article is an attempt to answer the question: what is the specificity of the real existence, documented facts in a literary context. It examines the role of historical fact in the literature. It is alleged that the phenomenon of historical fact, included in the text, functions as an artistic image, that expanding the possibilities of the writer. That is why there is a need to study the fact with an additional of the image as well as understanding these facts as a means of artistic expression for a particular person in a particular historical period under specific circumstances.
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