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The besieged: Role and place of civilian population during a siege as presented in military treatises of Late Antiquity

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Różycki Ł.

Prace Historyczne

2018

vol. 145

issue 4

705-719

The purpose of the article is to present the psychological aspects of defending a city in Late Antiquity, with particular focus on the role of civilians during a siege, according to the military treatises. The analysis covered mostly fragments of Book IV of Vegetius’ work, Book X of Strategikon and passages from Syrianus Magister. The results clearly indicate that the authors of treatises knew well the significance of the soldiers’ morale and mental strength in a siege, seeing them as key components in ensuring the success of military operations and preventing the surrender of the defended positions. The analyzed writings also emphasize the involvement of civilians, who were supposed to not only seek protection from soldiers, but actually had a clearly defined role in the defence efforts. The authors also understood that civilians, much more vulnerable to external stress factors than soldiers, were untrustworthy and more likely to give in to despair, which was to be prevented by various tricks meant to manipulate their psychology.

Broń oblężnicza epoki średniowiecza i jej zastosowanie (XI –XII w.) w świetle najnowszych badań

80%

Juchimiuk H.

Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

2024

vol. 31

issue 1

19-32

The art and techniques of siege warfare were among the most important aspects of medieval military theatres. Tools for capturing cities and destroying enemy fortifications had been developed since ancient times. Unfortunately, due to the scarcity of sources, both written and unwritten, the state of knowledge is insufficient, affecting both source-critical research and experimental archaeology. The objective of this article is to systematize the available knowledge about medieval siege engines and then to explore its utility in the Piast army based on the available literature and sources, which for the early Piast era include: the Polish Chronicle by Anonymous called Gallus and Thietmar's Chronicle.

Sztuka i technika oblężnicza były jednymi z ważniejszych aspektów średniowiecznych teatrów wojennych. Już od starożytności opracowywano narzędzia służące zdobywaniu miast i niszczeniu umocnień przeciwnika. Niestety, ze względu na niewielką ilość źródeł, zarówno tych pisanych, jak i niepisanych, stan wiedzy jest niewystarczający i dotyczy to tak badań źródłoznawczych, jak i tych z zakresu archeologii eksperymentalnej. Rolą tego artykułu jest usystematyzowanie dostępnej wiedzy na temat przyrządów oblężniczych epoki średniowiecza, a następnie przybliżenie jej użyteczności w wojsku piastowskim w oparciu o dostępną literaturę i źródła, którymi dla epoki wczesnopiastowskiej są: Kronika Polska Anonima zwanego Gallem oraz Kronika Thietmara.

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1 Prace Historyczne

1 Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

1 Juchimiuk H.

1 Różycki Ł.

1 2024

1 2018

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The besieged: Role and place of civilian population during a siege as presented in military treatises of Late Antiquity

Broń oblężnicza epoki średniowiecza i jej zastosowanie (XI –XII w.) w świetle najnowszych badań