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1

Zmiany jakościowe wybranych olejów roślinnych przechowywanych w warunkach chłodniczych

100%
Kondratowicz-Pietruszka E.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie
|
2013
|
issue 912
49-72
EN
The factors that determine the quality of fats in oils during storage include, among other things, the chemical composition of the oil and the storage conditions. The aim of this study was to analyse these fatty acid profile of selected oils and to determine the changes in the quality of rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, pumpkin seed oil, stored for 360 days under refrigeration at a temperature of 8℃ and protected from light, in unopened packaging. It was found that the acid value did not change in any of the oil samples. The peroxide values underwent change for each sample. The processes are described by acceleration and growth functions in aw. It is assumed that the order of the descriptive function is n = 3.5 aw for all test processes. Functions were derived that describe changes in the increase in peroxide value with high accuracy, as confirmed by calculated em values not exceeding 5%.
2
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Prognoza rozwoju paliw płynnych

75%
Biernat K.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
|
2005
|
vol. 3
|
issue 1
307-328
EN
The article includes analysis o f basic terms an d definitions an d following issues: the directions of modification and development of the drive in the wheel vehicles, the forecast of development of standard fuels for internal combustion engines, the improvement of demands towards oils and fuel liquids, prospective fuel substances and  non-standard fuels.
3

Współczesny rynek tłuszczów ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem obrotu towarowego tłuszczami roślinnymi

63%
Kondratowicz-Pietruszka E., Białek J.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie
|
2013
|
issue 918
51-69
PL
W pierwszej dekadzie XXI w. dla człowieka i gospodarki wzrasta znaczenie roślin oleistych, co skutkuje zwiększającym się udziałem w strukturze zasiewów. Są one wykorzystywane do celów spożywczych oraz energetycznych. Wytworzone z nich tłuszcze spożywcze są wykorzystywane m.in. do produkcji olejów jadalnych lub stanowią surowiec do wytwarzania margaryn, wyrobów cukierniczych, piekarskich i konserw. Przetwórstwo surowców oleistych oraz produkcja wyrobów tłuszczowych w Polsce obecnie należą do dziedzin gospodarki najbardziej dynamicznie rozwijających się. Krajowa produkcja opiera się głównie na produkcji oleju rzepakowego i rzepikowego oraz margaryny. Polska stała się jednym z czołowych producentów oleju rzepakowego w Europie, natomiast w przypadku margaryny zajmuje drugie miejsce, posiadając 15% udziałów w produkcji margaryny w krajach UE-27. Celem artykułu było przedstawienie charakterystyki rynku tłuszczowego i obrotu towarowego produktami tłuszczowymi w Polsce na tle kształtowania się rynku światowego oraz Unii Europejskiej. Zaprezentowano import oraz eksport poszczególnych tłuszczów, skalę ich produkcji oraz spożycie. Wskazano, że konsumenci częściej wybierają tłuszcze roślinne niż zwierzęce, co wiąże się z promocją zdrowego trybu życia.
XX
In the first decade of the 21st century, oil plants gained in importance to humans and the economy thanks to their growing share in the overall crop structure. Oil plants provide seeds used for food and energy purposes. Edible fats obtained from the oil plants are used, among other things, to manufacture edible oils, or as a raw material for making margarines, confectionery and bakery products, and canned food products. The processing of oil containing raw materials and the production of edible fats are currently the most dynamically developing branches of the Polish food industry. The production of edible fats in Poland is determined mainly by the production of rapeseed and agrimony oils, and of margarine. Poland is one of the top manufacturers of rapeseed oil in Europe. From among the 27 countries of the EU, Poland produces the second highest amount of margarine, or 15% of the total. The paper characterises the fat market and trade in Poland, comparing it with the world and EU fat markets. It presents the import and export of individual fat types along with the scale of their production and consumption. It also notes that consumers more often choose edible plant fats over edible animal fats, a decision which can be attributed to the promotion of healthy lifestyles.
4
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[...] Odores, quos tener e terra divite mittit Arabs. Funkcja motywu wyperfumowanego i zamożnego Araba oraz wonnej i zasobnej Arabii w twórczości poetów rzymskich okresu augustowskiego

38%
Libowski Ł.
Littera Antiqua
|
2019
|
issue 14
5-29
EN
The purpose of this article is to determine the function of one of the minor literary motifs present in the Roman literature of the Augustan period, i.e., the motif of the perfumed and wealthy Arab and fragrant and rich Arabia. This goal is achieved here in two steps: first, the appropriate source material is compiled, and then the material is analysed and the conclusions are formulated. The source material in this case is seventeen extracts from Virgil, Horace, Tibullus, Pseudo-Tibullus, Propercius and Ovid. These fragments were divided into those, in which the respective fragrance motif was embedded in the axiological context (sixteen fragments), and those, in which the motif appears in the neutral context (one fragment). Among the first there were separated those, in which the positive axiological context is dealt with (ten fragments), and those, in which the negative axiological context is dealt with (six fragments). The fragments of the first type mention the value of a woman (four fragments), religious activities (three fragments), the Roman land (two fragments) and peace (one fragment), while the fragments of the second type express the worthlessness of wealth (five fragments) and remoteness from the loved person (one fragment). In turn, the analysis was carried out in two steps. First, it was found that Latin poets and writers of the Augustan period use the fragrance motif when they value, whether positively or negatively, people or things or situations, or activities, and that these writers use the motif discussed here to build images that appeal to the public. Secondly, it was established that the Arabic motif is expressed at the same time in a lot of different words, should all the fragments in which it appears, be taken together, and in few words, should each of the fragments should be considered separately.
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