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Progress in Health Sciences
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2011
|
vol. 1
|
issue 1
137-143
EN
Modern information technology has been incorporated into almost all aspects of life. As a consequence of computer and Internet accessibility, the percentage rise in their users, especially young people, has been observed. My professional experience of psycho-logical help for the youth has suggested that young people prefer anonymous virtual counselling, psychological and spiritual support (i.e. „virtual guardian angel”), where one can consult a psychologist anytime about various issues, to direct contacts. However, this attitude is not a hindrance to real contacts (direct or the so-called live contacts), designed to offer help and support. The paper attempts at analyzing some of the issues regarding online psychological help from the perspective of current challenges and expectations. It refers to methodology as well as practical and ethical issues and analyses the usefulness of this new type of help for enriching the achievements of clinical psychology and improving assistance tools
EN
This study investigates the process of designing the functionalities of an online learning platform put forward by three types of its users: students, academics and admin staff. Moreover, the study intends to get an insight into the impact the attitudes of the participants of the instruction process have on the process of the platform construction. The case study design was used to see if users of an online learning platform could contribute to defining its functionalities in the areas of creating and sharing classes remotely, conducting tests, tests and exams and advanced reporting of student activity. Moreover, the author wished to learn if different platform users would put forward similar platform functionalities. It was discovered that the parties involved in the platform construction processes may, first of all, have a lot to offer in terms of the platform functionalities and should therefore be involved in the platform construction process. Second of all, although their contributions as far as the functionalities of the platform are concerned may have a lot in common, there are certain aspects of the platform which only people involved in seemingly narrow areas can come up with.
EN
This paper offers a folkloristic perspective on the features and dynamics of sharing humorous content digitally within a family in the context of daily communication. The data, collected from 60 Belarusian families via oral interviews and an online survey (175 respondents), were subjected to quantitative and qualitative content and context analysis. The results suggest that sharing humour digitally within a family can take various forms, some of which parallel oral face-to-face interactions, while others complement them. The most preferable ways of sharing are those that ensure the privacy of conversation, thus providing family members with an opportunity to follow the customary patterns of communication while adapting them to the new spatiotemporal circumstances. Even though the process of selecting humorous content to share with one’s family does not necessarily involve conscious reflection on the sharer’s part, some tendencies clearly transpire from the data. For example, visual and generic forms of humour are more popular than textual and personal ones. Sharing such humour presupposes certain considerations about its recipients, thus making the fact that one’s audience is their family an important consideration in the practice of digital sharing.
EN
The aim of this study was to check whether an online n-back task conducted in the uncontrolled environment of the Internet can yield valid and reliable data. For this purpose, 169 participants completed an online n-back task with n1, n2 and n3 blocks on their home computers. The results have shown acceptable reliability for overall accuracy and reaction time indices across n1, n2, n3 blocks, as well as for reaction time indices for each n block. Unacceptable reliability has been found for separate n levels accuracy indices and for response bias indices. Confirmatory factor analysis has revealed that, among 8 proposed measurement models, the best fit for the data collected is a model with two uncorrelated factors: accuracy consisting of n1, n2, n3 indices and reaction time consisting of n2, n3 indices. The results of this study have demonstrated for the first time that a reliable administration of online n-back task is possible and may therefore give rise to new opportunities for working memory research.
EN
It is an uncontroversial statement to say that we live in an age of the enormous influence of information technology. The Internet in particular has been instrumental in shaping and reshaping modern reality. It harbours millions of communities and social networks, where people interact with each other on a daily basis. What are we to think of them? Do they represent a new Renaissance of social interactions or rather a demise of the traditional community? In the following article I argue that it is something entirely different. The Internet, I propose, should be viewed as a new, different environment for communities to form and thrive. Not only are those communities formed online, they also display a wide range of features, which make them legitimate communities, and not entities impoverished in the social sense. Those communities have a profound effect on the identity of their participants.
PL
Wzrost znaczenia nowych technologii i wirtualizacja przestrzeni życia społecznego zepchnęłyniemal każdą sferę funkcjonowania społecznego do internetu. Przemianom tymuległa również dziedzina świadczenia i otrzymywania pomocy w sieci. Poradnictwo online,przejawiające się w postać między innymi pomocy psychologicznej online, internetowychgrup wsparcia czy blogów, stanowi atrakcyjną formę nawiązywania relacji pomiędzyjednostkami znajdującymi się w podobnym położeniu. Umożliwia dzielenie się swoimdoświadczeniem bez względu ograniczenia czasowo-przestrzenne i przy zachowaniuanonimowości. W warunkach komunikacji zapośredniczonej są one skłonne darzyć sięwiększą sympatią i zaufaniem. Pomoc w sieci nie jest jednak wolna od licznych niebezpieczeństw.Zagrożenia związane z komunikowaniem się w sieci mogą wynikać zarównoz nieprawidłowych wzorów korzystania z internetu o charakterze jednostkowym (uzależnienia,utrudniony rozwój psychofizyczny), jak i wadliwych relacji z innymi użytkownikami(oszustwa, cyberprzemoc, naruszanie prywatności, ryzyko niezrozumienia).
EN
The growing importance of new technologies and the virtualization of the space of sociallife is pushing almost every sphere of social functioning onto the Internet. This transitionalso applies to an area of providing and receiving assistance, online counselling, manifestedin the form of, inter alia, online psychological help, online support groups or blogs,is an attractive form of establishing relationships between people in similar situations.The Internet allows to share experiences regardless of the constraints of time and spacewhile maintaining anonymity. In the conditions of mediated communication individualsare willing to bestow greater sympathy and trust. Nevertheless, online support is not free from dangers. Risks associated with communication on the Internet may be due to boththe misguided patterns of the Internet usage of an individual (addictions, difficult physicaland psychological development) and defective relations with other users (fraud, cyberbullying,invasions of privacy, the risk of misunderstanding).
EN
Background: In the contemporary culture we observed a kind of apology for the hybridization of cognitive activity. Nevertheless, we don’t know is it a real phenomenon or only a facade. To shed some new light on this issue, we investigated two qualitative studies on the hybridization of spontaneous cognitive activity.Methods: Three martial arts masters and four triathletes took part in these studies. A structured interview was used to collect data.Results: We found that professional and experienced athletes do not recognize a big potential for hybridization. They can’t imagine a strong hybridization of own, and their students, spontaneous cognitive activity, both in the current and the future technological reality.Conclusions: This study contradicts the idea of the superiority (in the cognitive contexts) of what online, over what offline.
EN
Theatre in the network is a relatively new phenomenon. In Poland, the first shows appearedon the internet only seven years ago, and along with them – a series of questionsabout the legitimacy of such a presentation of art. There were doubts as to whether the internetwill not cause the demise of the classic theatre scenes. Will the availability of showson the network not lead to the emptiness of theatre halls? And finally, how and to whatextent will the internet ensure the protection of creators’ and performers’ copyrights? Onthe other hand, maybe theatre in the network will make it possible to reach more viewers,especially young ones and those from outside the big cities, with limited access to cultural institutions? Is the network an opportunity to save the shows and performances fromoblivion which they would be doomed to on the traditional stage after just a few seasons?This article is an attempt to answer these questions, preceded by an outline of the historyof theatre network in Poland, including the ground-breaking events and institutionsdefining the Polish e-theatre. It is also an attempt to answer the question whether theatrepresented by the internet connection, giving limitless possibilities to the creators, and unlimitedaccess to the audience of a play, is inevitable future or just a passing phenomenon.
EN
Identity is a term that has sparked criticisms in the academic debates, with some scholars fully embracing this rather insufficiently defined concept, whereas others militate for its complete removal from the vocabulary of social sciences. However, in spite of the fierce criticism, identity research has become a central part of the social sciences. Striving to address some of the existing challenges in identity scholarship, the research presented in this article focuses on the diaspora identity narratives of Romanians in Ireland. By adopting a constructivist perspective on identity, this is a study of the continuously flowing boundaries between ‘us’ and ‘them’, as well as of the boundaries where the symbolic space is negotiated and identities are fiercely debated, constructed and re-constructed. While Romanians use a multitude of ‘other’ groups against which they construct their diaspora identities, one of the key markers used in their identity narratives is their relation with the ancestral homeland. Interesting findings have emerged, as Romanians talked about their mixed feelings towards their homeland and their fellow countrymen. As these narratives of the homeland unfold, it becomes clear they bear a strong imprint on their diaspora identity and feelings of belonging. The study presents an analysis of data collected over a six-year period (2004-2010) in the archives of the online discussion forum of the Romanian community from Ireland.
EN
E-learning is a type of learning by using electronic technologies to access an educational program outside of a traditional classroom. As conventional classrooms continue to be transformed into digital ones, teachers must deliver lectures through multiple learning modes. Digitally enriched content and personal learning should be the primary way of teaching, as well as collaborative and interactive learning. The paper presents issues relating to education in a virtual environment, the role of virtual reality, and artificial intelligence that is increasingly entering classrooms in developed countries. The paper explores what application of artificial intelligence means for the development and broader implementation of electronic learning in virtual classrooms around the world, as well as in developing countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper presents the advantages and opportunities that contribute to the improvement of e-learning in educational institutions and the benefits for students and other parties involved in the educational process, such as teachers and parents.
EN
The advent of online advertising has drastically changed how football is approached and funded. No doubt, Information and Communication Technology has had huge impact on sports development across the globe and also has created new vista for sports promotion, marketing, sports followership and revenue generation. This study examines the influence of online advertising in the promotion of Nigeria Professional Football League (NPFL). The technological determinism theory was used as theoreti-cal basis for this research work. Survey method of research was adopted with four hundred copies of questionnaire administered to respondents in four States in the North- Central zone of Nigeria namely; Niger, Kogi, Benue and FCT. It was found that the extent of online advertising usage by the League Management Company (LMC) and NPFL club sides is poor in compare to its usage by other league organizers and club sides in advanced nations. Therefore, this study recommends that the league han-dlers should, immediately, consider setting up a fully equipped social media marketing team. This should include; web designers, graphic artists, online media influencers and advert executives. The LMC should also ensure the employment of professional web designers to revamp the look-and-feel of the site. Make it more user-friendly and updated constantly. Also, the website should be fully commercialized. online, advertising, league, football, promotion, professional Pojawienie się reklamy internetowej radykalnie zmieniło podejście do piłki nożnej i jej finansowania. Bez wątpienia technologie informacyjne i komunikacyjne wywarły ogromny wpływ na rozwój sportu na całym świecie, a także stworzyły nowe perspektywy promocji sportu, marketingu, obserwowania sportu i generowania przychodów. Niniejsze badanie dotyczy wpływu reklamy internetowej na promocję Nigeryjskiej Profesjonalnej Ligi Piłki Nożnej (NPFL). Podstawę teoretyczną niniejszej pracy badawczej stanowi teoria determinizmu technologicznego. Przyjęto ankietową metodę badań, obejmującą czterysta kopii kwestionariusza udzielonego respondentom w czterech stanach północno-środkowej strefy Nigerii, a mianowicie; Niger, Kogi, Benue i FCT. Stwierdzono, że zakres wykorzystania reklam online przez League Management Company (LMC) i strony klubowe NPFL jest niewielki w porównaniu z ich wykorzystaniem przez innych organizatorów lig i kluby w zaawansowanych krajach. Dlatego w tym badaniu zaleca się, aby prowadzący ligę natychmiast rozważyli utworzenie w pełni wyposażonego zespołu marketingu społecznościowego. Powinno to obejmować; projektantów stron internetowych, grafików, osoby wpływające na media internetowe i specjalistów ds. reklam. League Management Company (LMC) powinno również zapewnić zatrudnienie profesjonalnych projektantów stron internetowych w celu zmiany wyglądu i działania witryny. Sprawić, aby była bardziej przyjazna dla użytkownika i stale aktualizowana. Strona powinna być również w pełni skomercjalizowana. online, reklama, liga, piłka nożna, promocja, zawody
EN
The authors in the article consider an actual problem of improvement of the training process with application of online testing for examination of students. The special attention is paid to kinds of computer tests, approaches and requirements to their creation and ways of use in educational process. The group of authors independently developed the computer testing shell on the basis of web programming (with the use of web pages toolset – php and database management systems – SQL) and shared it through the global network, requirements to its development and process of using the tests for estimation of students’ knowledge are described. A great advantage of this computer program for online testing is that there is no need to install it on a computer, it is necessary to have access to the Internet only. At any time a student can visit the website and pass a test using not only a computer or a laptop (Windows or Linux computer operating systems) but also by means of a smart phone or a tablet (Android operating system). Thus we see that this program is of great importance for introduction of the innovative way of estimation of students’ knowledge in remote education. A teacher having access to the system of editing (who knows a login and a password – the For the Teacher button) can see the browsing history with the following data: who, when, on what topic and what mark a student received having passed a test in this system of testing. The program works in such a way that questions in tests change the order (i.e. mix up) therefore it doesn't make sense to remember sequence of answers. Ukraine is intended to enter the European Union where the major part of study hours is intended for independent study therefore the program developed by the authors of the article is very relevant. This program has a set of advantages comparing with other programs (installation on a computer is not required, a student can pass test at any time, completely free, it is not necessary to license it, any operating system is acceptable), there is only one shortcoming – without the Internet access it will be impossible to interact with the testing program that means the ultimate efficiency of the developed program.
EN
As teachers we have to think about our capability of delivering both „Traditional” and „Future-oriented” content in the language of digital natives. The first requires broad sweeping material conversion and methodological change, while the second calls for additional new content and new thinking. Nowadays, when the digital competence of students far exceeds that of the average adult or even of teachers the most important task is the development of educational materials that are easy to process and work with. If we want to address our students successfully and keep pace with the times we have to rely on the latest information and communication technology and web 2.0 approaches. The forthcoming analysis of the learning styles of students and the information acquisition and teaching styles of instructors aims to increase the effectiveness of the teaching – learning process along with identifying the necessary background criteria. Additional goals include the examination of the most frequently used platforms and methods and the respective correlations both from the vantage point of instructors and students.
15
75%
PL
Spektakle teatralne w sieci są zjawiskiem stosunkowo nowym. W Polsce przedstawieniaw internecie pojawiły się zaledwie przed siedmioma laty, a wraz z nimi szereg pytańo zasadność takiej prezentacji sztuki. Pojawiły się wątpliwości: czy internet nie okaże sięgrabarzem klasycznych teatralnych scen? Czy dostępność spektakli w sieci nie doprowadzido opustoszenia teatralnych sal? I wreszcie, jak i na ile sieć internetowa zagwarantujeochronę praw autorskich twórców oraz wykonawców? A może teatr w sieci otworzy przednami nowe możliwości dotarcia do widzów, zwłaszcza młodych oraz tych spoza dużychaglomeracji, mających utrudniony dostęp do placówek kulturalnych? Czy sieć jest szansąna ocalenie od zapomnienia sztuk i aktorskich kreacji, które na klasycznej scenie skazanesą na niepamięć już po kilku sezonach?Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na te pytania, poprzedzoną przedstawieniemzarysu historii teatru w sieci w Polsce z uwzględnieniem przełomowych wydarzeńi instytucji stanowiących o polskim e-teatrze. To także próba analizy zagadnienia, czyspektakle prezentowane przez internetowe łącza, dające twórcom nowe możliwości, a widzom– nieograniczony dostęp do sztuki teatralnej, to nieunikniona przyszłość, czy teżzjawisko przejściowe.
EN
The aim of this article is to present a selection of novel tools used in organizing a foreign language competition. Particular attention will be focused on finalists’ and laureates’ opinions, expressed by means of a questionnaire administered for the needs of evaluation of innovative instruments used in the Spanish Language Competition. These include the Moodle platform, electronic tests, and a comprehensive website. Finally, we will present some recommendations for current and future organizers of foreign language competitions concerning the use of new technologies in their activities.
PL
W społeczeństwie polskim panuje stereotypowe przekonanie, że osoby niewidome i słabowidzące nie są w stanie samodzielnie korzystać z komputera. Tymczasem bardzo często nie tylko komputer osobisty, ale również urządzenia mobilne (telefony komórkowe, tablety) są dla osób niewidomych i słabowidzących dużą pomocą w życiu codziennym, a ich umiejętności w tym zakresie są nierzadko bardzo wysokie. Powoli następuje zmiana stereotypowego sposobu myślenia o korzystaniu z nowoczesnych technologii przez osoby z niepełnosprawnościami, a dzieje się to między innymi dzięki różnym programom mającym na celu informowanie o problemie wykluczenia cyfrowego i przeciwdziałanie jego występowaniu. Dotychczas nie stworzono rozwiązania dedykowanego osobom z niepełnosprawnością narządu wzroku, które pozwoliłoby im rozwijać kompetencje i kwalifikacje w sposób zdalny za pośrednictwem Internetu, niwelując tym samym bariery przestrzenne, jakie zazwyczaj napotykają w wypadku kursów stacjonarnych. Opracowana w ramach projektu innowacyjnego „E-learning na rzecz niewidomych i niedowidzących” platforma internetowa zmieniła ten stan rzeczy, oddając do dyspozycji osób niewidomych i słabowidzących, w pełni dostępny serwis zawierający kursy e-learningowe, giełdę pracy, komunikatory społeczne oraz informator prawny.
EN
In the Polish society there is a stereotypical belief that blind and partially sighted people are not able to independently use the computer. Meanwhile, very often not only a personal computer, but also mobile devices (mobile phones, tablets) are a great help in everyday life for people who are blind and partially sighted, and their skills in this area are often very high. Slowly the stereotypical way of thinking about the use of modern technologies by people with disabilities changes, and this occurs, inter alia, through various programs designed to inform about the problem of the digital exclusion and preventing its occurrence. To date, a dedicated solution for people with disabilities of eyesight have not been set up, a solution that would allow them to develop competencies and qualifications remotely via the Internet, thereby eliminating spatial barriers that are usually encountered in the case of fixed exchange rates. Developed as part of the innovation project „E-learning for blind and partially sighted” the Internet platform has changed this state of affairs, offering to the blind and partially sighted, the full access to a service containing e-learning courses, labor exchange, social messaging, and legal informant.
EN
The subject of this article is the topic of electronic insurance as well as of modern forms of dispute settlement in the light of European legislation tendencies. The analysis of problems resulting from the application of new technologies in the process of concluding and performing of the contracts, leads the authors to a certain conclusion. According to that conclusion, the increase of the number of transnational transactions, in particular cross-border insurance in Europe by using electronic means of communication will only be possible if new methods of dispute settlement are involved in this process. Intensive works aiming at implementation of such methods in the European Union are in course.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest problematyka ubezpieczeń elektronicznych, a także nowoczesnych metod rozstrzygania sporów. Kwestie te przedstawione zostały na tle europejskich tendencji ustawodawczych. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie problematyki ubezpieczeń elektronicznych w kontekście ich charakteru transgranicznego i powiązanych z tym kwestii prawa prywatnego międzynarodowego, w tym w szczególności wyboru prawa właściwego. Analiza prowadzona w kontekście problemów wynikających ze stosowania najnowszych technologii w procesie zawierania i wykonywania umów prowadzi autorów do wniosku, że pełne wykorzystanie elektronicznych środków komunikacji dla zwiększenia popularności transakcji transgranicznych, w tym w szczególności ubezpieczeń cross-border w Europie będzie możliwe dopiero wówczas, gdy w proces ten zostaną włączone także nowoczesne metody rozwiązywania sporów, nad wdrożeniem których prowadzone są w Unii Europejskiej intensywne prace ustawodawcze. Zdaniem autorów, funkcjonowanie rynku wewnętrznego w pełnym zakresie będzie możliwe dopiero wówczas, gdy ochrona ważności i efektywności umów zawieranych online rozciągnie się także na etap rozstrzygania sporów. Dlatego też kluczowe wydaje się zwrócenie uwagi na nowoczesne formy mediacji, w tym przede wszystkim możliwości transgranicznego świadczenia działalności mediacyjnej oraz rozwoju platformy ODR (online dispute resolution). Dla rozwoju elektronicznej sprzedaży towarów i świadczenia usług, w tym ubezpieczeń, szybkie zawieranie umów musi wiązać się z możliwością szybkiego rozwiązywania sporów z nich wynikających. Takie możliwości oferuje mediacja i ODR, których zalążki można obserwować w tekstach i projektach stosownych dyrektyw. Wydaje się, że trend ten jest nie do uniknięcia także na polskim rynku ubezpieczeniowym, który, biorąc pod uwagę terminy rozpatrywania spraw przez polskie sądy może jedynie na tym skorzystać.
EN
The project develops an online collection of Hispanic literary legends of the 19th century. The main objective is to provide researchers and companies dedicated to cultural tourism and any potential users with suitable material for the resignification of geographical areas. They may be used to widen perspectives with new literary and artistic creations for research from different fields (studies on tradition, identities, national literary geographies). For that, we focus on the study of literary legends from specific documentation: travel guides, gazetteers, and short tales published by 19th-century journalists.
|
2021
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vol. 40
|
issue 2
53-70
EN
The purpose of this paper is to identify the online tools used by Polish universities and analyse to what extent these tools are used for image-related, communication, and marketing purposes. Based on our own analyses and desk research, we listed and then compared selected image-related activities carried out online by the higher education institutions rated as Poland's top universities in the "Perspektywy Ranking". We also extended our analysis to the universities rated as the world's top universities, selected based on the Webometrics ranking, and identified a clear difference in trends. The online tools listed in this paper were evaluated in terms of their impact on the position of the higher education institutions in the education market.
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