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1
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Ostrov Cohnova rozhodnutí aneb krajina jmen v románu Bernarda Malamuda Boží milost

100%
Dvořáková Ž.
Acta onomastica
|
2011
|
vol. 52
|
issue 1
45-54
EN
Humankind was destroyed during a nuclear war. This is the beginning of the last novel of B. Malamud, God’s Grace. The only man who survived was Calvin Cohn. On a boat he found a speaking chimpanzee and then a group of chimpanzees and baboons on an island. Cohn as a new biblical Adam gave names to the monkeys. There are two different sorts of these names – biblical ones playing a role of nomen omen and describing characters on one hand and names of Cohn’s family members and friends on the other hand – names which were part of Cohn’s past life, his memory.
2
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Funkčný člen "individuálna charakteristika" v modelovej interpretácii živých osobných mien slobodných osôb v Papradi

80%
Kazík M.
Acta onomastica
|
2012
|
vol. 53
|
issue 1
134-141
EN
The article analyses individual characteristics in the living personal names of single persons in part of Paprad: Stará Turá Kopanica (western Slovakia). In this location and class are documented individual characteristics according to properties, occupation, previous owner or inhabitant of the house, origin and abode, nicknames arisen from surnames and individual characteristics with different or unclear motivation which make up to 40 % of functional elements “individual characteristics”. 66,67 % of the individual characteristics are without family motivation, 33,33 % are with family motivation, 66,67 % has family motivation after father and 20 % after mother. One of each characteristic is after grandfather and grandmother. Individual characteristic is the second least frequent functional element of single persons in Paprad.
3
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Příjmí a příjmení na Těšínsku od sklonku 17. do konce 19. století na základě jejich zápisů v matrikách

80%
Lipowski J.
Acta onomastica
|
2013
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vol. 54
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issue 1
178-193
EN
In this article there have been analysed the bynames and surnames of the South Teschen Silesia region in the period from the end of the 17th till the end of the 19th century. In this period the bynames and surnames were already morphologically formed, however their graphical form was unstable during the whole time. The period has been divided into four parts of evolution taking into account the morphological and graphical forms of the bynames and surnames. They are noted linguistic influences, especially of local dialect, official languages (German) and extralinguistic influences, e.g. the reason of migration. The number of different notations of a byname or surname was decreasing over the course of time. As concerns derived bynames and surnames, it is the most noticeable type with the suffix -ów that originally formed bynames and surnames with patronymical function (occurring only at the beginning of the period under revue) and the suffix -ko showing a falling trend. The suffix -ski which is typical of Polish surnames is not very productive in Teschen Silesia. In the last period concerned there are more surnames with the suffix -ski, but not for the reason of structural changes of the name type, but for the reason of the migration from Poland.
4
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Funkčný člen “meno domu” v modelovej interpretácii živých osobných mien v Papradi

80%
Kazík M.
Acta onomastica
|
2012
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vol. 53
|
issue 1
142-148
EN
This article reports the characteristics of the functional element “name of the house” in the living personal names in Stará Turá part of Paprad (western Slovakia). In functional element “name of the house” we distinguish: a) the name of the house with anthropobase of surname, b) the name of the house with anthropobase of name of the family, c) the name of the house according to location, d) the name of the house which is not identical with anthropobase of surname or anthropobase of name of the family and does not express even location. “Name of the house” is the least frequent functional element in Paprad.
5
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Funkčný člen "priezvisko" v modelovej interpretácii živých osobných mien slobodných osôb v Papradi

80%
Kazík M.
Acta onomastica
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2011
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vol. 52
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issue 1
83-91
EN
The article analyses another functional element of unofficial personal names in the Stará Turá Kopanica part of Paprad. Attention is focused to a class of single persons. Most of the functional elements have an official form and surnames appear often in a dialectic form with suffixes -éch and -ka. Four of them are in a dialecticaly changed form and they have also dialectical suffix -éch. There are surnames with relational motivation after father, mother, grandfather, grandmother and after friend. Only once the living name occurred with a surname like functional element only. Otherwise, the surnames always associate with other members. They are most frequent in living twice-member personal names. In one of these names two functional elements – surname after father and one after mother was noticed. This article records ways of forming the living names and the usage of cases in these names of single persons in Paprad.
6
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Modelové poňatie pragmatoným

80%
Garančovská L.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 2
470-496
EN
Pragmatonyms represent a not much investigated field of onomastics, which disposes of plenty of stimuli for scholarly research not only in the field of onomastics. We focused our attention to the formation of extra-linguistic (motivation models) features of pragmatonyms in dairy industry. One of the most frequent motivation models (regardless of whether it holds the function of a dominant or minor attribute) is the motivation model C (attribute, characteristic feature), within the scope of which we are able to distinguish following denomination motives: inherent (composition of the product, its shape, its size, taste /flavour/, quantity, packing, colour, texture, quality) and/or adherent features (identification of the product, its purpose, consumer character, healthy diet, fitness of the surroundings which the products come from, or traditional mode of production). Further, the motivation model B is present. It designates directly the specific type of product. Motivation model A is also relatively frequent. Geographical adherence to the respective producer, either direct or indirect (symbolic) constitutes a denominative motivation. Motivation model D that indicates possessive relation is less frequent. Proper names (anthroponyms, literary proper names and logonyms) and to a lesser extent the appellatives usually manifest possession. The analysed onymic corpus shows that it is impossible to establish clear motivation of certain pragmatonyms. Therefore, motivation model X is to be taken into consideration. It covers pragmatonyms with equivocal motivation sign.
7
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Some remarks on cultural connotations of urbanonyms and idiomacity in a contrastive perspective

80%
Szerszunowicz J.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 2
547-555
EN
Urbanonyms, such as street names, square names and names of other places in the city, can carry cultural connotations, which is of great importance in a contrastive perspective. Some urbanonyms have connotations of universal character, while the connotations of others are of national or local character. The typology of cross-linguistic equivalents of urbanonyms carrying cultural connotations is presented and discussed. The knowledge of connotations of proper names including urbanonyms is part of being bilingual and bicultural. The connotative potential of urbanonyms requires a proper lexicographic description which is vital in foreign lanaguge teaching and translation.
8
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Funkce literárních chrématonym (s využitím příkladů z her Divadla Járy Cimrmana)

70%
Kojetínová M.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
158-166
EN
The article is based on an analysis of chrematonyms which are used in fifteen plays written for the Jára Cimrman Theatre. Firstly the article deals with the difficulties with the analysis of this group of literary proper names. The main part of the article discusses the use of the functions of literary chrematonyms. Last part discusses real chrematonyms and fictitious chrematonyms.
9
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Historické aspekty urbanonymie Mnichova Hradiště

70%
Procházková L.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
210-236
EN
The study describes the historical development of urbanonyms in a small Czech town Mnichovo Hradiště in the 19th and 20th centuries. The first chronological part describes the major development trends, the second part applies several approaches to classification of urbanonyms. The names of streets were affected by political changes: each political regime preferred a different semantical type of the name.
10
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Literární vlastní jména a jejich překlad

70%
Dvořáková Ž.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
81-91
EN
Literary onomastics should pay more attention to the problem of translation of proper names in literature. In translation practice we can see three general attitudes: domestication (substitution of original names by Czech ones), exotization (leaving of original names unchanged because of their exotic atmosphere) or a mix of these methods (some names are translated, some are not). 1 have described several methods of translating proper names: caique (word-for-word translation), transcription (representing a name from one script in another), substitution (change of an original name), explication (adding of information) and generalization (change of a proper name into a common noun).
11
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Jména zvířat ve skautských přezdívkách

70%
Kvíčalová M.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
181-186
EN
We carried out a research in Czech scout groups in 2009 and we obtained rich linguistic material (1 000 nicknames). This paper discusses scout nicknames that have got inspired by animals. This type of scout nicknames is relatively frequent (18 %). We have tried to characterize them and show their diversity. The work was supported by the grant SW 2014-267402.
12
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Onomastyka w służbie zdrowiu, czyli o nazwach handlowych suplementów diety. Rekonesans badawczy

70%
Tomasik S.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
305-314
EN
This article presents proper names of Polish dietary supplements. The analysis demonstrates that the ways of nominalisation are based on onymisation and transonymisation, applied to different types of proper names. The presented classification is based on motivational models. The author attempts to answer the following questions: Who uses such names? Do those names carry any information?
13
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Výslovnost maďarských jmen u českých mluvčích : korespondence předchozí znalosti a realizované výslovnosti

70%
Jílková L.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
121-132
EN
This article illustrates the tendencies in pronouncing selected Hungarian names by Czech speakers. When choosing the names, two mam criteria were considered: 1) that the names were likely to be familiar to Czech speakers and simultaneously 2) that they contained a sound with problematic pronunciation. The selected names were incorporated in test sentences, which the respondents recorded on a voice recorder. The number of respondents was 65. After the recording, the respondents marked the names they had already known. The aim of my analysis was to find the extent to which previous knowledge influences pronunciation. In most cases, respondents with previous knowledge were more successful compared to those without any knowledge and achieved the appropriate pronunciation more frequently when employing the principle of phonological approximation, e.g. Sándor Petöfi [ſa:ndor pεtε:fi] and sometimes when employing the original pronunciation, e.g.[ſa:ndor pεtæ:fi]. However, in the case of the toponym Harkány, surname Rákóczi and first name Lajos, the previous knowledge did not play any role, and both groups of respondents pronounced these names almost equally, most frequently [harka:nı], [raikotſi], [la:joſ]. The most frequent principle employed was the spelling (graphic) pronunciation, e.g. Frigyes [frıgıjes], Sólyom [so:lıjom], Arany [aranı], Harkány [harka:nı], including a variety of modifications such as frequent changes in the vowel length, e.g. Sándor [sa:ndo:r]. Respondents without any previous knowledge of the names often showed a wide range of , pronunciation varieties.
14
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Seskupení přechýlených a podobných příjmení užívaných v České republice pomocí počítačového zpracování dat z registru obyvatel

70%
Šebek J.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
280-289
EN
Most strings of female surnames registered in the Czech Republic are lexically different from related male surnames. This article provides a method of grouping surnames by similarity and computing surname frequencies for these grouped surnames. The method reduces the 251,723 registered surname variants to 142,586 groups. Grouped surname frequencies can be used for linguistic research of similar surnames, determining geographic distribution of surnames, or by researchers which require surname frequencies irrespective of gender.
15
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Nazewnictwo miejskie, a wiejskie mikrosystemy toponimiczne

70%
Czaplicka-Jedlikowska M.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
53-60
EN
a1_The direct inspiration for my assessment of currently created rural toponymic microsystems was the change in property numbers and the naming of old country paths in my district of Koronowo and in the neighbouring district of Osielsko. New road and street names in rural areas are an addition to the toponymic resources. Having analysed selected examples of street names from rural toponymic microsystems, I observed a high repeatability rate. In the district of Koronowo, this refers to 30 names, and in the district of Osielsko to as many as 40! Consequently, the level of toponymic differentiation is low in these areas, both in terms of tradition and the organization of the social and cultural setting. The engagement of users in the naming process is minimal. A new trend is the domination of arbitral names, which constitute as many as 50 % of all road names in the district of Koronowo and nearly 80 % in the district of Osielsko. It is a testament to poor qualifications of the officials, who initiate the creation process of this system. They have difficulty in communicating with local residents with regard to the creation of the rural toponymic microsystem — being a new phenomenon as opposed to the long-established urban toponymy. It is a pity that they do not cooperate with linguists, onomasticians or historians of the region. Usually, the semantic and structural features used in new rural names are those that are common in the urban naming system. This means that the names of streets and roads (sometimes very small ones!) are - as can be seen in the examined material - a selective import from the urban culture. They do not fully express the character of the area, as they fail to make any reference to its historical or cultural heritage, despite the fact that these areas boast interesting historical backgrounds, related, for instance, to the struggle for independence in various periods, and are also full of geographical points of interest. Compared with politically-driven names of streets and new natural features (e.g. new lakes in the village of Kręgle, or the Grabina Park and the Wyczółkowski Grove), names commemorating historical events or topographical changes would simply have an associative value.
16
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Poznámka k přechylování příjmení v současné češtině

70%
Hlubinková Z.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
118-120
EN
The contribution deals with the feminization of surnames in contemporary Czech. In particular, it takes notice of names of the type Karolina Peak in which case their bearers have their surnames in the masculine form in concord with conditions of the registry law. After the wedding the bearers of two surnames can have the shared surname in the same form (the type Romana Jákl Vítova) provided that they also comply with the conditions.
17
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Funkčný člen „rodinné meno“ v modelovej interpretácii živých osobných mien vydatých žien v Papradi

70%
Kazík M.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 55
133-146
EN
In this article we characterize the functional element “name of the family” in the unofficial personal names of married women in Paprad settlement (a part of the town Stará Turá, west Slovakia). This is the second most frequent functional element and it represents 22,36 % of all functional elements. 61,6 % of functional elements “name of the family” has not the identical anthropobase with the surname, that is pointing to greater independence of the official naming. We distinguish “name of the family” with anthropobase a) identical with the anthropobase of the surname, b) identical with the anthropobase of the “name of the house”, c) different from the anthropobase of the surname and the anthropobase of the “name of the house”. Moreover the functional element “name of the family” does not need to be identical with unofficial personal name of the family as the separate family name.
18
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Tvoření detoponymických urbanonym (na příkladu urbanonymie hlavního města Prahy)

70%
Štěpán P.
Acta onomastica
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2011
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vol. 52
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issue 1
160-178
EN
On the example of the Prague urbanonymy, the paper analyses the formation of street names derived from toponyms. It has been shown that not all names of the analysed category are derived using the most usual suffix -ská and its variants. Also the suffixes -ná, -ní, -ová and -ova are occasionally used in the formation of detoponymic urbanonyms. A number of urbanonyms is derived from toponyms by a zero suffix. Some street names have been formed using irregural, unusual means of derivation. Besides the suffixation, also composition of urbanonyms is devoted some attention in the paper. The use of prefixation (combined with derivation) is rare in the analysed material, as well as the creation of multiple-word names.
19
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Apelatívny člen v modelovej interpretácii živých osobných mien v Papradi

70%
Kazík M.
Acta onomastica
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2013
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vol. 54
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issue 1
101-107
EN
In this article I concentrate my interest on the occurrence of confirmation names, their frequency motivation, in the locality Dabas near Budapest in Hungary. The extinct village was resettled by Slovaks. During the Rákoczi conflicts it became desolate, and before 1708 it even disappeared from the registration documents. In the year 1712 the Slovaks of Roman Catholic denomination, settled in Sara, can be considered as ancestors of the present inhabitants. After the year 1720 additional Slovaks settled here. In the year 1880 the village had 76,6 % of Slovak population. There is a Virgin Mary’s Assumption Church in the village. I observed the names in the confirmation register from 1942, participated by the oldest generation, as well as names in the registers from 2003, 2006, 2009 being the latest. On the basis of the registers we can speak about the excepted motivation by godparents or parents. From 1942 to 2009 we recorded a decline of confirmation names motivated by the name of a godparent, or inversely by unknown factors. In comparison with the past years the variability of names is higher.
20
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The place of slang toponyms in the toponymic system

70%
Győrffy E.
Acta onomastica
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2013
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vol. 54
|
issue 1
80-86
EN
Comparing slang toponyms with other toponyms we may note that they have a special role in the toponymic system of a language: their status is observable both in pragmatic and linguistic conditions of name giving. The article proves these statements by analysing the (colloquial and) slang name variants of the Hungarian settlement called Hajdúszoboszló. One of the most important features is that during slang name giving the denotatum already has a name and the motivation is to give a different name from the already existing one. The large scale of complexity in generating and functioning of these toponyms are also characteristics: they are supported by their relationship to the stock of toponyms in the mother tongue and in the foreign language, as well as to the stock of common words in the mother tongue and in the foreign language.
CS
Díky srovnání slangových toponym s ostatními toponymy můžeme konstatovat, že zastávají v toponymickém systému zvláštní roli: jejich význam můžeme pozorovat jak v pragmatickém, tak v jazykovém způsobu pojmenování. Článek dokazuej tato tvrzení prostřednictvím analýzy (hovorových a) slangových variant jména maďarské osady Hajdúszoboszló. Jedním z nejpodstatnějších znaků je, že denotát své jméno již má a motivací pro slangové pojmenování je dát toponymu jiný název, než již existující. Široká škála komplexních jevů při vytváření a fungování těchto toponym je rovněž charakteristcká: jsou podporovány svým vztahem k toponymii v mateřském a cizím jazyce, stejně tak jako ke slovní zásobě v mateřském a cizím jazyce.
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