Search results

1

Risk factors and the incidence of overweight and obesity in pre-school children from the southern part of Poland

100%

Katarzyna Dereń K., Sara Jarmakiewicz S., Aneta Sokal A., Edyta Łuszczki E., Elżbieta Motyka E., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Regina Kowal R., Artur Mazur A.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2018

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issue 2

97-102

EN

Introduction. In recent years there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in humans. It turns out that the problem is not limited to adults; excessive body weight is occurring in children more often. Aim. The main purpose of this work was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschool children from the Rzeszów district, and to determine risk factors for occurrence. Materials and survey method. The study was conducted among 200 preschool children (3 - 6 years of age) from the Rzeszów poviat area. Measurements of height, weight, and determination of BMI were performed and these values are standardized according to the WHO centile grids appropriate for each age group. Survey results. Normal weight was observed in 58% of the respondents, 11% were overweight, and 10.5% were obese, whereas 20.5% of children had undernourishment. Obese children were the largest group among 6-year-olds. Among 4 year old children, abnormal body weight were more frequent in boys. On the other hand, in children aged 5 years, undernourishment or overweight was found more frequently in girls. Conclusions. The study did not confirm a significant relationship between gender, place of residence and socio-economic situation of respondents, and the prevalence of overweight or obesity. The results of this study indicate that the problem of excessive body weight refers to the increasing number of children.

2

Psychologiczna charakterystyka kobiet z nadwagą i otyłością

100%

Chanduszko-Salska J., Ogińska-Bulik N.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2000

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vol. 04

3

Kwestionariusz Moje Zwyczaje Żywieniowe – konstrukcja i własności psychometryczne

100%

Ogińska-Bulik N., Putyński L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2000

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vol. 04

4

Assessment of the BMI, WHR and W/Ht in pre- and postmenopausal women

100%

Skrzypczak M., Szwed A., Pawlińska-Chmara R., Skrzypulec V.

Anthropological Review

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2007

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vol. 70

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issue 1

3-13

EN

The main goal of this study was to determine whether and how values of the BMI, WHR and W/Ht indicators change in pre- and postmenopausal women. The tested group consisted of 10,216 women aged 25-95 years. Data were collected during the national campaign "Fighting Obesity", organized by Hand-Prod Company between 2000-2002 across Poland, when adult women voluntarily filled in a questionnaire and participated in anthropometric measurements. The BMI, WHR and W/Ht values were calculated based on these measurements. The values of the BMI, WHR and W/Ht change with age. However, in each age group postmenopausal women have higher BMI, WHR and W/Ht than premenopausal women. Thus, the results obtained indicate that hormonal changes occurring in the climacterium period cause an increase in the analyzed index values. The BMI used herein is characterized by high accuracy in indicating obesity. Moreover, the WHR and W/Ht are also used as adiposity indicators, which may be useful in assessment of the risk of disease or death caused by hypertension, cardiac diseases, diabetes, or even cancers. However, they should not be used only in relation to obese women, because even a slight increase in visceral obesity, with body mass within normal limits, may contribute to unfavorable changes in the woman's metabolic profile, which in turn, may present a risk of illness.

PL

Głównym celem niniejszej pracy było określenie czy i w jaki sposób zmieniają się wartości wskaźników BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht u kobiet przed menopauzą i po menopauzie. Badaną grupę stanowiło 10.216 kobiet w wieku 25-95 lat. Dane zebrano podczas ogólnopolskiej akcji "Walczymy z Otyłością", organizowanej przez Firmę Hand-Prod w latach 2000-2002 na terenie całej Polski, podczas której zgłaszające się dorosłe kobiety dobrowolnie wypełniały ankietę, i którym wykonano pomiary wysokości, masy ciała, obwodu pasa oraz bioder. Na podstawie wykonanych pomiarów określono wskaźnik BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht.Niedowagę stwierdzono u 1,0% kobiet. Częstość występowania nadwagi w badanej grupie wynosiła 38,4%, natomiast otyłości 27,9% (ryc. 1 i 2). Prawidłowe wartości (poniżej predysponujących do wystąpienia chorób powiązanych z otyłością) dla WHR stwierdzono u 32% kobiet, zaś dla W/Ht u 22%. Stwierdzono pozytywne korelacje pomiędzy analizowanymi parametrami (BMI-WHR R=0,29, p<0,05; BMI-W/Ht R=0,79, p<0,05; WHR-W/Ht R=0,64, p<0,05). Zaobserwowano, że nawet wśród kobiet o prawidłowej masie ciała niemal połowa charakteryzowała się WHR≥0,8 oraz W/Ht≥05, zaś wśród kobiet z nadwagą oraz otyłych częstości te istotnie rosły (tab. 1).Do obliczenia wieku menopauzy wykorzystano metodę "status quo", która umożliwia wyeliminowanie błędu, jakim obarczone jest badanie retrospektywne. Wykorzystując analizę probitową, określono procent kobiet w każdej grupie wiekowej, które przestały miesiączkować, co najmniej 12 miesięcy przed poddaniem się badaniu. średnia probitowa wieku postmenopauzalnego dla kobiet po menopauzie naturalnej wynosi 51,74 lata (chi2= 6513,59, df =1, p<0,00).Chcąc zbadać, czy i w jaki sposób wraz z menopauzą zmieniają się u kobiet wartości parametrów morfologicznych określonych na podstawie wskaźników: BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht, w pierwszej kolejności przeanalizowano zmiany tych parametrów z wiekiem. W tym celu zastosowano analizę regresji, która wykazała, że wartości wszystkich wskaźników istotnie rosną z wiekiem (tab. 2 i 3). Następnie w celu zaobserwowania zmian wskaźnika BMI w grupach kobiet przed menopauzą i po menopauzie, przeprowadzono analizę wariancji. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, iż zmiany wartości wskaźnika BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht, w grupach kobiet przed menopauzą i po menopauzie, istotnie się różnią (tab. 4). Kobiety, które nadal miesiączkują mają wskaźniki BMI (wartość testu F=648,62 df=1, p<0,001), WHR (F=164.64 df=1, p<0.001) oraz W/Ht (F=18.24, df=1, p<0.01) niższe niż kobiety, znajdujące się w okresie pomenopauzalnym. Wartości współczynników zmienności wskazują na znaczną zmienność tej cechy, zarówno w grupie kobiet przed menopauzą, jak i po menopauzie. Jednakże w każdej grupie wiekowej kobiety po menopauzie mają wskaźniki BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht wyższe niż kobiety przed menopauzą (ryc. 3-5).Zmiany hormonalne zachodzące w okresie klimakterium powodują wzrost wartości wskaźników BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht. Niezależnie od wieku kalendarzowego menopauza przyczynia się do zmian w rozkładzie tkanki tłuszczowej u kobiet. Wykorzystany w niniejszej pracy wskaźnik BMI charakteryzuje się wysoką dokładnością w predykowaniu otyłości. Wskaźniki WHR oraz W/Ht, jako indykatory otłuszczenia, mogą być użyteczne do oceny ryzyka zachorowania lub śmierci z powodu nadciśnienia, chorób serca, cukrzycy a nawet nowotworów. Wskaźniki te powinny być wykorzystywane nie tylko w odniesieniu do kobiet otyłych, ponieważ nawet niewielki wzrost otyłości wisceralnej, przy masie ciała pozostającej w normie, może przyczyniać się do niesprzyjających zmian profilu metabolicznego kobiety, a tym samym stanowić ryzyko wystąpienia chorób.

5

Real world data supporting identification of the pharmacist’s role in obesity and overweight treatment in Poland – a preliminary report

100%

Mariola Drozd M., Lucyna Bułaś L., Monika Szkultecka-Dębek M., Agnieszka Skowron A.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2017

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issue 3

192-199

EN

Introduction. Obesity is a significant health and economic problem, both for the patient and the health care system. An essential element in the prevention and treatment of each disease is the engagement of all groups of healthcare professionals. In our study, we performed an analysis of the real world data, obtained from a survey of the medical and socioeconomic problems associated with overweight and obesity. We aimed to identify the pharmacist’s role in the management of overweight and obese patients, including their individualized education in an outpatient setting. Material and methods. The study material consisted of responses obtained from a specially designed questionnaire. Our findings indicate that the study patients had easy access to a pharmacist’s professional knowledge, relevant to comprehensive treatment of obesity. In addition, our data indicates a lack of patient knowledge of a healthy lifestyle and an inability to implement such knowledge in practice. Results. The community pharmacist should actively provide support to patients with obesity (including the primary obesity and those who want to lose excessive body mass for health-related and also for aesthetic reasons) and the management of their weight. The results of our study should be considered as an introduction to further research to facilitate the understanding of problems and expectations of patients and to prepare pharmacists to perform pharmaceutical care (PC) in this regard. Conclusion. One of the potential options to protect society against the obesity epidemic is an education about the risks inherent to obesity and promotion of a healthy lifestyle.

6

The role of obesity in modifying the course of periodontal diseases

100%

Walis M., Kłosek S.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 1

195-199

XX

Overweight and obesity constitute a serious social problem. They are considered hazards of developed countries. Overweight and obesity affect both adults and children. Numerous researches on the negative impact of obesity on the condition of oral cavity have been conducted. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the most recent data published and noted in PubMed database between 2007 and 2014, on the association between overweight and obesity and oral diseases, including caries and periodontal diseases, as well as to discuss their mechanisms. The majority of studies discussed in this paper demonstrate the existence of an association between obesity and the health of the oral cavity. An association between overweight and obesity expressed as various anthropometric indices, and oral cavity conditions should be the subject of further prospective studies.

7

Sociální chování a výkony předškolních dětí s nadváhou pohledem rodičů a učitelek MŠ

88%

Včelařová H., Cakirpaloglu P.

Psychologie a její kontexty

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2018

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vol. 9

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issue 1

3–14

EN

Objectives. Excess weight and obesity in children are associated with psychosocial complications and have the attributes of psychosomatic illness. The research followed on from Czech and foreign publications about families with overweight and obese children, about the peculiarities of cognitive and social development, and about the psychosocial circumstances that accompany this section of the populace. This paper maps out the existing state of knowledge in the above areas, too. The aim of the research was to verify findings of foreign studies relating to the experiences of overweight preschool children with prejudices about themselves by their peers also among the Czech population. Similar problem was also researched in terms of performance of these children in two cognitive tests and their estimates by adults. Methods. The study compared the results of the Pre-school Children Knowledge Test and of the Urban’s Figural Test of Creative Thinking in the group of children with overweight (N=52; BMI percentile ranged 92-95; converted to BMI values M = 18.18; SD = 0.36; age 4-6; M=4.62; SD=0.49), their estimates by parents and kindergarten teachers and in the control group of children with normal weight (N=46; BMI percentile ranged 11-72; converted to BMI values M = 15.38; SD = 0.52; age 4-6; M=4.53; SD=0.58). Observation of Social Expressions of both groups of children in a free play situation was performed, too. Results of cognitive tests, estimates and observations were evaluated in the mutual context. Processing the data. We carried out a descriptive analysis of all the variables. The standard significance level used in the statistical testing was ?=0.05. Multiple linear regression was performed in the form of a so-called generalized linear model (GLM) in order to underpin the influence of the quantitative variables of social behaviour and the categorical variables of the child’s weight on the difference between the real results of the cognitive tests and the results as estimated by the children’s mothers, fathers and teachers. From the original, complete set of regressors we gradually eliminated those which proved to be statistically insignificant. Results. In terms of the level of performance of both groups of children in both cognitive tests there were found no significant differences, while observed social expressions showed the one. Estimates of the performance of both groups of children in the two sets by adults were mostly tended towards overestimation. After customizing some of these results to social variables and in terms of estimates by adults the weight band lost in some cases its importance. Conclucions. The number of child respondents was affected by real number of overweight pre-school children in the Zlín region (see Discussion). The link between children’s weight and their performance as estimated by adults may be influenced by social and possibly by other types of variables. The difference in the social behaviour of the two sets of pre-school age children may be an indication of nascent differences in their psychosocial development. Several studies have confirmed that the relationships between problems with preschool peers have tendency to repeat in older peer groups and in some cases were confirmed relations with psychiatric disorders in adulthood, too. v

8

Psychologiczne wyznaczniki redukcji nadwagi u kobiet

88%

Chanduszko-Salska J., Ogińska-Bulik N., Instytut Psychologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2002

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vol. 06

EN

The purpose of the study was to investigate what psychological variables contribute to the prediction of reducing overweight in women. 78 women with overweight (M of BMI = 31.27), aged 35–55 years (M of age = 46.8); were examined twice, before and after the programme of reducing overweight based on psychological actions. Eight methods were used in the study: Stress Perceived Scale, Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale, Life Orientation Test, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, State-Trait Personality and Kuhl’s Action Control Scale. Self-efficacy beliefs, perceiving stress, coping with stress (task and avoidance oriented strategies) and optimism appeared predictors of reducing overweight in women.

9

Evaluation of fat mass and its correlation with abnormal blood pressure in children and adolescents

88%

Pirogowicz I., Ornat M., Pachołek K., Pawelak A., Domeredzka P., Jerczak B., Gojny Ł.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2017

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issue 3

256-260

10

The emergence of obesity among Australian Aboriginal children

88%

Phillips N., Henneberg M., Norgan N., Schmitt L., Potter C., Ulijaszek S.

Anthropological Review

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2013

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vol. 76

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issue 1

101-107

EN

Obesity is of significant and growing concern among Australian Aboriginal children, and is linked to patterns of child growth. The aim of this paper is to show diverse patterns of growth and obesity emergence among Australian Aboriginal children using historical anthropometric data. Child growth in height, weight and body mass index (BMI) is reanalysed for children aged 2 to 19 years in Australian Aboriginal communities spanning two distinct time periods (the 1950s and 1960s; and the 1990s and 2000s) and six different geographical locations: Yuendumu, Haast’s Bluff, Beswick, Kalumburu, Gerard, and Raukkan. Comparisons of stature and BMI between the earlier and later years of measurement were made, and the proportion of children classified as overweight or obese by the International Obesity Task Force criteria estimated, to allow international comparison. Aboriginal children in the 1990s and 2000s were heavier, with higher BMI than those in the 1950s and 1960s, differences in height being less marked. While no children were classified as overweight or obese in the earlier period, 15% of males and 3% of females were classified so in the later period. The data suggests that the period of onset of the epidemic of overweight and obesity among rural Australian Aboriginal children was likely to have been between the 1960s and 1980s.

11

MEASURING BODY IMAGE: PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES AND CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF THE HUNGARIAN VERSION OF BODY ATTITUDE TEST

88%

Czeglédi E., Urbán R., Csizmadia P.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

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2010

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vol. 65

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issue 3

431-461

EN

ody Attitude Test (BAT, Van Coppenolle, Probst et al., 1990) is a widely used measurement. Our main goal was to support the original factorial structure of BAT in Hungarian normal weight and overweight/obese female samples. Research design was a cross-sectional, questionnaire study. Research participants were normal weight female students, and female participants of a lifestyle modification program. Measures were Body Attitude Test, Human Figure Drawings Test, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Trait Anxiety Inventory. The confirmatory factor analysis verified the original structure of BAT in our samples. Internal consistency, test–retest reliability and construct validity were satisfactory.

12

Temporal trends of overweight and obesity among 4–14 year-old children in Liechtenstein. Results of a monitoring project from 2004 to 2018

88%

Kühnis J., Jamnicki-Abegg M.

Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective

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2020

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vol. 9

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issue 15

12-17

EN

Monitoring data analysis forms a central basis for the assessment of the prevalence and development of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, thus identifying a potential need for action and adopting preventive measures. Based on data of 5‘515 children and adolescents aged between 4 and 14, this article presents a current trend analysis for Liechtenstein for in the period between 2004 and 2018. This study is based on cross-sectional data from health screening examinations supervised by the national Office of Public Health. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated from anthropometric measurements and classified with reference to the age and gender-specific cut-off criteria of the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). Across the examined age groups, 15.6% of all children and adolescents in Liechtenstein are currently considered to be overweight or obese. This is a similiar prevalence as in neighbouring regions and shows a stable development over the 15-year monitoring period.

13

Wpływ masy ciała na powstawanie wad stóp u studentów piątego roku fizjoterapii Uniwersytetu Rzeszows

75%

Przysada G., Drużbicki M., Łyszczak N.

Medical Review

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2013

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issue 3

319–326

PL

Wstęp: Wady stóp występują bardzo często i są problemem współczesnego społeczeństwa. Wyróżniamy wiele rodzajów wad w obrębie stóp, które wymagają specjalistycznego postępowania leczniczego. Cel: Celem pracy była ocena częstości oraz najczęstszej wady stóp u studentów piątego roku fizjoterapii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Zbadano także czy masa ciała wpływa na występowanie wad stóp oraz determinuje poszczególne wskaźniki charakteryzujące budowę stóp. Materiał i metoda: Badaną grupę stanowiło 108 studentów piątego roku fizjoterapii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, w tym 80 kobiet oraz 28 mężczyzn. Badanych podzielono na dwie grupy. Pierwszą grupę stanowili studenci mający prawidłową masę ciała, drugą zaś studenci z nadwagą. Narzędziem badawczym był planktogram, który składał się z odbitek stóp: prawej i lewej. Na każdym planktogramie wykreślano kąty i wskaźniki umożliwiające określenie poszczególnych wad stóp. Wyniki: Na podstawie analizy wpływu masy ciała na poszczególne wskaźniki charakteryzujące budowę stóp wykazano, iż u osób z nadwagą wartości poszczególnych wskaźników częściej wykraczają poza normy w porównaniu z badanymi z prawidłową masą ciała. Wnioski: Wady stóp są istotnym problemem badanych studentów piątego roku fizjoterapii. Najczęściej występującymi wadami są: stopa obniżona IIº, stopa z obniżonym wysklepieniem, pięta nieprawidłowa oraz stopa płaska. Wady stóp dotyczą zarówno osób z prawidłową masą ciała, jak i z nadwagą, jednak częściej dotyczą badanych z nadwagą

EN

Introduction: Foot deformities are very common health issue in modern society. There are many kinds of different foot disorders which require specific medical procedures. Objective of the study: The purpose of the research was both to determine the frequency as well as the most common foot defects of fifth year Physiotherapy Students of Rzeszów University. It was also investigated if body mass influenced the occurrence of foot deformities as well as particular indicators that characterize foot structure were determined. Material and method: The research involved the group of 108 physiotherapy students, among them were 80 women and 28 men. The participants of the study were divided into 2 groups. The first group represented students with correct body mass, the second group included students with overweight problem. Research instrument was planktogram, which consisted of foot prints: right and left. On each planktogram angles and indicators were marked that allow to determine individual foot deformities. Results: On the basis of the analysis of body mass influence on individual indicators characterizing foot structure, the research proved that indicators exceed the norms in case of obese students in comparison to students with correct body mass Conclusions: Foot deformities are a significant problem among the researched physiotherapy students. The most common foot disorders are: II° degree low arched foot, heel malformations and flat feet. Foot deformities occur both at students with correct body mass as well as at those with the overweight issue, however foot deformities most frequently occur at students with overweight problem.

14

Znaczenia nadawane otyłości. Analiza treści zawartych w czasopiśmie „super linia” przeznaczonym dla osób zainteresowanych redukcją masy ciała

75%

Maj A.

Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów / Adult Education Discourses

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2016

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vol. 17

297-312

PL

Artykuł prezentuje wyniki analizy dwóch wybranych roczników czasopisma „Super Linia”: z 1995 i 2015 roku. Poddano je analizie ilościowej i jakościowej, skupiając się szczególnie na tym, jakie zagadnienia dotyczące otyłości poruszane były w wybranych rocznikach, oraz jakie znaczenia nadawano otyłości, pisząc o niej w trzech kontekstach: społecznym, estetycznym i medycznym. Porównanie wykazało, że zestaw zagadnień poruszanych na łamach czasopisma nie uległ znaczącym przemianom w wydaniach z 2015 roku w porównaniu z tymi z 1995. Natomiast znaczenia nadawane otyłości w największym stopniu zmieniły się w obszarze społecznego aspektu cielesności osób z nadwagą.

EN

The article presents the results of the contents analysis of a magazine addressed to people potentially interested in reduction of their body weight. The subject of the analysis were two annual editions of “Super Linia” magazine, issued in 1995 and 2015. The methods of quantitative and qualitative content analyses were used. The main focus of the analyses were the kinds of issues raised in the two chosen annual editions as well as the meanings assigned to obesity in three chosen contexts: social, aesthetic and medical. The comparison of the two annual editions has shown, that the range of issues raised in the magazine has not changed significantly in 2015 in comparison to 1995. The meanings assigned to obesity have changed to the greatest extent when presenting obesity in the social context.

15

Research on obesity – time to think about the next agendas

75%

Touray M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2013

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vol. 3

|

issue 2

40-52

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to highlight a fundamental gap in the economic research on obesity - the demand for unnecessary weight gain preventive goods. Such research is important as it will provide understanding of people’s preventive behaviours and for that matter inform policies and practices with regards to influencing people’s uptake of obesity preventive goods. Materials and methods: Using MeSH and PICO approaches, a search strategy was developed to search for relevant articles in a number of academic and scientific journal repositories including PubMed Central, EconLit, Medline, Medscape and relevant (economic) journals’ archives. The search strategy combined terms/phrases to look for publications. Results: A total of 1351 potentially relevant articles (titles and abstracts) were reviewed. No publications could be found that concerned people’s preventive behaviours in terms of demand with respect to obesity preventive goods. Only one article which was not specific to obesity looked into people’s preventive behaviours using an economic model. Conclusions: Despite the huge economic and health burden of obesity, participations in activities deemed supportive to weight gain prevention are dismal. It must not therefore be assumed that there will be demand for all effective weight preventive goods/services. As a result of the complex nature of the condition, the demand for obesity preventive goods requires understanding of the complex factors which influence individual decisions. The behavioural economic perspective could help to increase understanding of the preferences of people as it examines how decisions are made by individuals in complex socio-economic and socio-cultural circumstances and financial constraints involving trade-offs.

16

STABILISING TRENDS OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG 5-14-YEAR-OLDS IN LIECHTENSTEIN BETWEEN 2004 AND 2012

75%

Kühnis J., Erne S.

Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective

|

2014

|

vol. 3

|

issue 5

47-52

XX

Background: The worldwide trends in childhood obesity and associated health-related risks are a cause of concern. In view of this alarming tendency continuous monitoring and information on a wide age-range of children is important. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to observe national trends of childhood overweight (ow) and obesity (ob) among 5-14-year-olds in Liechtenstein over a 9-year period. Methods: The study is based on a series of 5 cross-sectional screening examinations conducted at two-year intervals from 2004 to 2012 and includes data of 3,711 children. Boys and girls are equally represented (50.1 % and 49.9 %). BMI was calculated on standardised measurements and classified by using the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-offs. Results: Using IOTF reference, currently 16.6 % of pre-schoolers and school children in Liechtenstein are overweight (incl. obesity), i.e. approximately every 6th child is affected. Over the studied 9-year period, a non-significant decrease in the combined prevalence (owob) was observed in both boys and girls. Gender specific analysis showed that differences between boys and girls were rather weakly expressed, but seemed to increase during school age with a tendency of more overweight boys in secondary school. Conclusions: This study suggests an apparent levelling off in childhood overweight and obesity in Liechtenstein between 2004 and 2012 and corroborates similar findings from other countries.

17

Detecting overweight and obesity among young Syrian boys based on skinfold thickness

75%

Al-Bachir M., Ahhmad H.

Anthropological Review

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2016

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vol. 79

|

issue 1

35-46

EN

There is no data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in young Syrian boys. Therefore, the present study aimed to provide baseline and reference data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among young Syrian boys using skin-fold thickness measurements and deuterium dilution (DD) as a reference method. The sample of 2470 healthy Syrian 18- to 19-year-old boys were enrolled in this study. SFTs were measured at the biceps (B), triceps (T), subscapular (SI) and suprailiac locations (SS) were done and validated using the DD technique as a reference method. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was drawn to determine appropriate cut-off points of the Σ2 limb SFT (T+B), Σ2 trunk SFT (SI+SS), Σ4 SFT (T+B+SI+SS) and Log Σ4 SFT for defining overweight and obesity. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity in young Syrian boys, based on biceps SFT, triceps SFT, subscapular SFT, suprailiac SFT, Σ2 limb SFT, Σ2 trunk SFT, Σ4 SFT, logarithm Σ4 SFT, and DDT were 35.3%, 32%, 31.6%, 14.8%, 32.9%, 26.6%, 28.1%, 24.1%, 46.5%, respectively. Strongly positive correlation was found between SFT and total body fat in adolescents. For diagnosing overweight on the basis of Σ2 limb SFT, Σ2 trunk SFT, Σ4 SFT and logarithm Σ4 SFT, we propose the following cut-off points: 17.25 mm, 23.50 mm, 39.25 mm and 1.60, respectively. To predict obesity, Σ2 limb SFT, Σ2 trunk SFT, Σ4 SFT and logarithm Σ4 SFT threshold were increased to 23.25 mm, 32.50 mm, 55.25 and 1.75, respectively. Basing on SFT clearly leads to underestimates of the prevalence of weight problems among young boys. SFT measurement screen missed 11.2 to 31.7% of overall overweight and obesity cases.

18

The relationship between diet and other elements of lifestyle and the health status of adult high school students

75%

Koziarska-Rościszewska M., Wiśniewska K.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

|

2017

|

issue 3

230-234

19

Problemy dziecka otyłego w klasie szkolnej

75%

Jagodzińska M.

Zagadnienia społeczne

|

2018

|

vol. 2

|

issue 10

7-25

EN

Childhood obesity in Poland and in many other countries is on the rise. Numerous problems disturbing functioning in the mental and social sphere are often mentioned as the consequences of being overweight. Young people with obesity problems encounter very strong negative reactions from their environment. Most people feel the need to form an immediate overall opinion of someone that is biased by how we perceive one of their traits. Obese people are perceived almost exclusively through the prism of one characteristic, which is so domi-nant that it obscures their strengths and values. Thus, one can speak of stigmatization as a social phenomenon resulting from obesity. For a child or a young person a peer environment is extremely important. The feeling of belonging to a group, being accepted is one of the basic needs. In order to help an obese child overcome problems, holistic and comprehensive actions combining various interventions are required.

PL

Nadwaga i otyłość w Polsce i w wielu krajach ma tendencję zwyżkową. Wśród skutków otyłości często wymienia się wiele problemów zaburzających funkcjonowanie w sferze psychicznej i społecznej. Młodzież mająca problemy z nadwagą spotyka się z bardzo silnymi negatywnymi reakcjami otoczenia. Ludzie mają potrzebę szybkiego wyrabiania sobie poglądu o spotykanych osobach, w psychologii znane jako efekt halo, czyli efekt pierwszego wrażenia. Otyłe osoby postrzegane są prawie wyłącznie przez pryzmat jednej cechy, która jest tak dominująca, że przysłania inne ich walory. Można więc mówić o stygmatyzacji jako o zjawisku społecznym będącym skutkiem otyłości. Dla dziecka i młodego człowieka niezwykle ważne jest środowisko rówieśnicze. Poczucie przynależności do grupy, bycie akceptowanym to jedna z potrzeb życiowych człowieka. Aby pomóc dziecku otyłemu w przezwyciężaniu problemów potrzebne są działania holistyczne, kompleksowe, łączące różne interwencje.

20

A multifaceted assessment of the nutritional status, diet and eating habits of midwives working on a shift schedule in Wrocław, Poland: evaluation of macronutrients, vitamins and minerals in the diets of midwives participating in the study

75%

Gołąbek K. D., Chmielewska A., Karoluk E., Regulska-Ilow B.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2023

|

vol. 36

|

issue 5

618-631

EN

Objectives The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status and diet of midwives working on a shift schedule in public hospitals in Wrocław, Poland, and to analyze the variation in their diet according to their working hours (day shift, night shift) and on a non-working day. Material and Methods In the group of 50 midwives, employed in 4 public hospitals in Wrocław weight and body composition, waist and hip circumference, waist-hip-ratio and BMI were assessed. The nutritional habits and quality of the study participants’ diets were assessed by 3-days food dietary recall, including 1 day shift day, 1 night shift day, and 1 non-working day. Results More than half of the subjects were assessed as having excess body weight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2). Thirty percent of participants had BMI ≥25–<30 kg/m2 and 24% BMI ≥30 kg/m2, 70% had a body fat percentage >30%. Fifty-six percent of the diets had an energy value <90% of the subject’s total daily energy expenditure. Significantly higher energy value of diets on the night shift day compared to the morning shift day (1959.05±596.09 kcal vs. 1715.36±654.55 kcal, p = 0.01) were observed. The same relationship applied to cholesterol content (349.50±155.33 mg vs. 261.39±190.59 mg, p = 0.002). A high intake of phosphorus and sodium, exceeding the recommended dietary intake, was noticed. Conclusions The occurrence of a night shift in the shift work schedule is an element of that model that may have a significant impact on the nutritional and health value of shift workers’ diets. Therefore, it seems reasonable to implement nutritional education programs promoting healthy eating choices and habits during night work.

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