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The paper analyses the problem of unemployment in view of the Church’s social doctrine confronted with the views of economic theory. The analysis indicates there are no important differences between the social doctrine of the Church and the theory of economics in the field of the essence of unemployment, but there are significant differences with regard to the consequences of unemployment. The emphasis in economics is put on financial and economic effects, whereas the Church’s social teaching underlines the social, psychological and human effects of the phenomenon. The analysis shows that the views on the reasons of unemployment and the remedies to reduce it are different in both sciences. According to economics, the reasons of unemployment are seen in the low flexibility of wages, in insufficient demand for goods or in the imperfect operation of the labour market. In the Church’s social doctrine, unemployment is regarded as a result of the model of society in which there are spontaneous market mechanisms, there is greed for profits and man is treated objectively. That is why remedies for unemployment are seen in the solidarity cooperation of all units which treat man subjectively.
PL
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EN
The problems presented in Humanae vitae have become the object of harsh disagreement even in the Church some fifty years after the encyclical's publication. The dispute has been extended to the possibility that the Magisterium of the Church should give lay people some direction in their lives. Moreover, the disagreement has also concerned the boundaries of freedom of choice for a person who wants to live by their accepted rules. The document in question is a testimony to the pope's responsibility to Christ and the world for the immutability of truths taught by the Church. It is also a courageous testament to the issue of sexual intercourse of spouses in the age of a general slackening or negation of morals which guard the indissolubility of marriage. It comes as no surprise that the pope referred to the few – yet important – biblical texts in order to justify the rightness and significance of the undertaken issues, as well as their permanence in the lives of particular people of faith. The present paper attempts to prove that the choice of the biblical texts was not random; moreover, this paper fully justifies the truths touched upon in the encyclical which are difficult to accept in the contemporary mentality. Due to the limited character of this research, it will only deal with those quotations that show the depth of the encyclical's anchorage in the truths resulting from the infallible Scripture, which has a strong bearing on the justification of the encyclical's sanctity in the moral issues of widely understood human sexuality in the light of the Church teachings.
PL
50 lat po opublikowaniu encykliki Humanae vitae, nawet w łonie samego Kościoła wybuchł ostry spór o jej zasadność. Został on następnie rozszerzony o możliwość kierowania życiem wierzących przez magisterium Kościoła oraz granice wolności wyboru człowieka życia według uznanych przez niego zasad. Dokument jest świadectwem zarówno odpowiedzialności papieża wobec Chrystusa i świata za niezmienność prawd nauczanych przez Kościół, jak i odważnego podjęcia tematów seksualnego pożycia małżonków w dobie ogólnego rozluźnienia lub zanego­wania kryteriów moralnych stojących na straży nierozerwalności związku małżeńskiego. Nie dziwi, że papież sięgnął po nieliczne wprawdzie, lecz znamienne teksty biblijne, by uzasadnić wagę podejmowanych zagadnień oraz ich trwałość w odniesieniu do życia poszczególnych wie­rzących. Poniższy artykuł próbuje wykazać, że dobór tekstów Pisma Świętego nie tylko nie był przypadkowy, lecz całkowicie uzasadnia trudne do zaakceptowania przez współczesną mental­ność prawdy poruszane w encyklice. Ze względu na ograniczone rozmiary pracy poruszone zostaną tylko te cytaty, które ukazują głębię zakotwiczenia tekstu encykliki w prawdach wy­ni­kających z nieomylnego słowa Bożego, co posiada niemały wpływ na uzasadnienie jej niena­ruszalności w kwestiach moral­nych szeroko pojmowanej ludzkiej płcio­wości w świetle nau­czania Kościoła.
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