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Employment precariousness and mental health, understanding a complex reality: a systematic review

100%
Utzet M., Valero E., Mosquera I., Martin U.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
|
2020
|
vol. 33
|
issue 5
569-598
EN
Precarious employment has expanded during the last decades, but there is no full consensus on its definition, and its impact on mental health is not completely understood. The relevance of several micro- and macro-level variables in the association between precarious employment and mental health has not been fully addressed. This review has 2 aims: to identify scientific evidence on the relationship between various dimensions of precarious employment and mental health, and to synthesize the inclusion of a gender-sensitive perspective, context variables, workers’ household variables, and the discussion of causal mechanisms underlying the association. The literature was searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and PsycINFO including articles dated 2010–May 2018. A minimum of 2 independent reviewers assessed each article regarding quality and eligibility criteria. The search retrieved 1522 papers, of which 54 (corresponding to 53 studies) met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies analyzing job insecurity, temporariness and multidimensional approaches reported a significant association. Nevertheless, results for working time arrangements and downsizing are inconclusive. Around half of the studies included sex-stratified analyses and formulated contradictory conclusions. Overall, 7 studies considered workers’ household situation and only 3 delivered significant results, and 16 described some of the potential pathways. There is evidence of an association between various precarious employment approaches and mental health problems. Further research (preferably longitudinal) should aim to discuss theoretical models explaining the pathways between precarious employment and mental health, including a gender-sensitive perspective, and integrating several levels of individual and contextual variables.
2
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Droga do wolności jako dramat. Wokół Tischnerowskiej koncepcji filozofii wolności

59%
Ostrowska U.
Paedagogia Christiana
|
2018
|
vol. 1/41
11-26
PL
Wolność stanowi jeden z głównych problemów refleksji etycznej Józefa Tischnera. Tischner nie stworzył systemowej filozofii wolności, nie skonstruował uporządkowanej drogi do wolności jako dramatu. Zgłębiając jego dzieła, w tym zwłaszcza Filozofię dramatu, można jego poglądy rekonstruować, można odczytywać płynące z nich przesłanie. Być może taki w zamyśle był celowy zamiar filozofa nadziei, skłaniającego odbiorców jego spuścizny do aktywnego włączenia się w ów wielki, trwający nieustannie dyskurs na temat człowieka i jego świata, istoty zaświadczającej swoje człowieczeństwo.
EN
Freedom constitutes one of the basic issues of ethical reflection of Józef Tischner. Tischner did not create a systemic philosophy of freedom, he did not construct an orderly way to freedom as a drama. As a result of deepening our knowledge of his works, the Philosophy of drama, in particular, we can reconstruct his views and read the message hidden within them. Perhaps it was intentionally intended by the philosopher of hope to induce recipients of his legacy to participate actively in this great, ongoing discourse on the subject of man and his world – the being testifying to his own humanity.
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