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Literary adaptations of Jewish sages in the works of Josephus Flavius

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Wojtasik A.
Classica Cracoviensia
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2015
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issue 18
491-505
EN
The paper focuses on the Judeo-Hellenic writers composing in times of Roman occupation, especially on works created by Josephus Flavius. On the basis of his re-written version of events described in the Bible, one can observe various methods used by Josephus and other authors to accommodate their history for the needs of Greco-Roman world. One such method is depicting notable characters from the Bible in a more understandable way, particularly different prophets from the Old Testament. Those Jewish sages are described surprisingly alike to Greek philosophers, orators and commanders – figures that were well-known to Greeks and admired by them. The article presents specific example for that kind of adaptations, presenting at the same time differences between prophets from the times of the Second Temple and those from before the Babylonian thralldom. Understanding these differences is essential for explaining how Jewish scholars could find a common ground with Greek philosophers.
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Why Does the Epistle to the Hebrews Evoke the Desires of the Patriarchs?

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Malina A.
Collectanea Theologica
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2020
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vol. 90
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issue 5
463-476
EN
The Pontifical Biblical Commission’s document The Jewish People and their Sacred Scriptures in the Christian Bible, calls attention to a threefold connection between the two parts of the Christian Bible: continuity, discontinuity, and newness. The paper offers an analysis of a passage as an example of this relationship. The Epistle to the Hebrews (11:8–22) gives a particular emphasis to the desires of the patriarchs among other attitudes of the heroes of faith. They were looking for what was promised to them and desired by them: a city with the solid foundations planned and built by God. Now these desires can be fulfilled: the everlasting life with God is offered to all who believe in Jesus Christ.
3
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Harald Samuel, Von Priestern zum Patriarchen. Levi und die Leviten im Alten Testament (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 448; Berlin – Boston: De Gruyter, 2014).

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Lemański J.
The Biblical Annals
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2015
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vol. 5
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issue 2
467-470
EN
Book review: Harald Samuel, Von Priestern zum Patriarchen. Levi und die Leviten im Alten Testament (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 448; Berlin – Boston: De Gruyter, 2014) Pp. 453 + XIV. €129,95 / $182,00. ISBN 978-3-11-031039-9 (Hardcover).
4
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W poszukiwaniu tradycji o Izaaku

88%
Lemański J.
Colloquia Theologica Ottoniana
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2013
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issue 2
63-76
EN
Analysis of tradition devoted to Isaac leads to the conclusion that the character of the patriarch described a pattern known from the cycle of Abraham. Sometimes it almost a mirror image in an abbreviated form (as Gen. 26). Isaac is presented as a second Abraham, and his character is transferred from the patriarchal promises from Abraham to Jacob (Gen. 27). The prophet Amos (Amos 7,9.16), although his expressions are not yet satisfactorily explained, gives the impression that in the eighth century BC, there was a sense of connectedness between the character of Isaac localized in Beer Sheba and memory ethno-religious people of the Kingdom of Israel. Indeed the Prophet used the term “house of Isaac” parallel to the term “house of Jacob” and mentions the annual pilgrimage to the shrine of Northerners in Beer Sheba.
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Kim był Abraham i skąd pochodził?Kilka uwag na temat potencjalnych śladów tradycji o Abrahamie

88%
Lemański J.
The Biblical Annals
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2020
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vol. 10
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issue 1
5-30
EN
Who was the “historical” Abraham and where did he come from? It is difficult to find an unambiguous answer to these questions. The article focuses on analyzing the Egyptian text from the time of Sheshonq I which mentions a place sometimes identified as “Abram’s field / fort”. However, this interpretation is pointed out as being uncertain and even very questionable. The next two points of analysis are biblical texts (Deut 26:5a; Gen 11:27-32). The names of Abraham’s family members are toponymic (male) or sym-bolic (female), constituting female nicknames associated with the worship of the moon god. Their analysis suggests the region of Charan, between the Euphrates and Habur riv-ers, where the worship of the moon god was very popular. These areas were previous-ly inhabited by the Amorites, and then by the Arameans. The article concludes that the “historical” Abraham may have come from the vicinity of Charan and had Amorite roots, while identification with the Arameans was only a typological element resulting from the experience of the same fate (deuteronomist). It was only later reinterpreted in favor of Jacob (cf. Gen 46:1-7), and finally in favor of Abraham in the final edition.
6
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Pogrzeb i grób w tradycjach o patriarchach zawartych w Księdze Rodzaju. Stan badań

71%
Basiuk M.
Poznańskie Studia Teologiczne
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2019
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issue 34
29-40
EN
In the sanctuary dedicated to the patriarchs in Hebron, according to tradition, there are graves of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and their wives, Sarah, Rebekah and Leah. The roots of this tradition go back to the Book of Genesis, however, today there are some people who call into question the credibility of this message. On the grounds of analysis of the text describing the circumstances of Jacob’s death, some state that actually his grave has a diff erent location. Others, in turn, will point out that the story of Abraham purchasing a fi eld with the cave of Machpelah for the grave of Sarah (cf. Gen 23) is a very late tradition, which was attached to the pre-existing text. Therefore, in this article, we will analyze existing studies referring to the issue of the patriarchs’ death and its accom-panying events (funeral, mourning, grave) in order to check how they discuss it and to what extent they approach this practice globally.
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Why Archaeology is important for Theology

63%
Johnson C. H.
Studia Nauk Teologicznych PAN
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2021
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issue 16
29-48
EN
The Old Testament is clearly a mixture of myths and real historical figures with their events. There is no question about the contribution of mythology, since much of Genesis has been formed from common mythological accounts from all over the ancient Near East. The stories of Creation, the primordial couple, the Garden of Eden, Cain and Abel, the Great Flood, and much more, are a commonplace of narratives throughout the region. Although these accounts are mythological, it does not mean that they have not been shaped by real events. Specialists speculate about a great flood that took place in the Near East as a result of rising water levels at the end of the last Ice Age (around 5000 BC). This coincided at a time when the Agricultural Revolution had taken over the Fertile Crescent and Egypt. Various peoples of the Levant adopted mythological narratives and reformulated them to create their own unique and original tales. Some of the main figures of the Bible, such as Adam and Eve, Noah, Lot, finally the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac and Jacob) were their own compositions but, as can be seen with the patriarch Abraham, who was not an exclusive figure of the Hebrew people, his conversion to monotheism is, however, something peculiar to the spiritual creativity of the Jews. Here as in the composition of the New Testament, archeology is the necessary aid to locate the reality and the truth of sacred history and its development in human time.
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Dlaczego List do Hebrajczyków przypomina o pragnieniach patriarchów?

63%
Malina A.
Collectanea Theologica
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2018
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vol. 88
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issue 4
125-138
EN
The Pontifical Biblical Commission’s document The Jewish People andtheir Sacred Scriptures in the Christian Bible calls attention to a threefoldconnection between the two parts of the Christian Bible: continuity, discontinuityand newness. The paper offers an analysis of a passage as an exampleof this relationship. The Epistle to the Hebrews (11:8-22) puts a particularemphasis on the desires of the patriarchs among other attitudes of the heroesof faith. They were looking for what was promised to them and desired bythem: a city with solid foundations planned and built by God. Now thosedesires can be fulfilled: the everlasting life with God is offered to all whobelieve in Jesus Christ.
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