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1

"Degradation, conservation et restauration de l’oeuvre d’art", R. H. Marijnissen, Bruxelles 1967 : [recenzja]

100%

Szyszko W.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1970

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issue 4

332-334

2

PRZEGLĄD LITERATURY Z ZAKRESU KONSERWATORSTWA ZA ROK 1948 I. WYDAWNICTWA SPECJALNE

88%

Marconi B.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1949

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issue 2

135-136

3

Konserwacja rzeźby z brązu eksponowanej na wolnym powietrzu : pomnik Tadeusza Kościuszki w Waszyngtonie

63%

Montagna D. R.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1994

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issue 2

204-210

EN

This is a translation of an article which was published for the first time in a brochure entitled „Preservation Technotes”, National Park Service. U. S. Department of the Interir, Washington. D. C., Metals, number 1, August 1989, and subsequently in a report from a symposium on ,Air Pollution and Historical Monuments in Cracow”, held on 21-18June 1989 in Cracow (publ. US/ICOMOS, Washington D. C., 1991). The author discusses in great detail the conservation o f the bronze Tadeusz Kościuszko monument in Washington D. C. The removal of pollutants, bird droppings, and dirt was followed by washing the surface with a non-ionizing detergent and wallnut shell blasting. Universally applied sand blasting was considered as overly aggressive for the bronze surface which was then treated with anti-corrosion inhibitors, a protective coating of wax and buffed. Yearly control is foreseen.

4

Metody fałszowania przedmiotów z metali

63%

Ślesiński M. K.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1982

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issue 3-4

187-192

EN

This article is devoted to the techniques of forging metal objects of historic interest and it is only part of a thesis on “Techniques of Forging the Works of Art Made of Metal and Methods of Their Identification”. In their endeavour to give the objects the appearance of the authenticity of old works of art the forgers have worked out a number of techniques and ways of producing the fakes. At the beginning of the article the author writes about patina and its importance. For instance, original patina was removed from some objects found in old collections (Greek and Roman bronzes). They were left without patina or, for its preservation, the original patina was covered with an artificial one, which was often dictated by the fashion. And so, in the age of Renaissance works of art made in metal were coated with lacquer or with coloured or black varnish. The author states thus that a disclosure of forged patina does not always mean that the work is not authentic. The next problem discussed by the author is the formation of natural patina on copper, bronze, lead, stannum and iron. An important problem is also a proper knowledge of the composition of minute and vestigial impurities in metals or alloys, which makes it much easier to state, on examination, whether or not the object has been forged. A technique often employed by forgers is the use of old metal, the so-called scrap metal melted into one. However, a very strange composition of impurities is produced in such case. Still another method of forging the metals is a deterioration in the value of the noble metal. This, in the first place, applies to forgeries in numismatics. A separate question is the ways of metal casting employed both by old masters and by forgers by means of “lost wax”, the so-called free hand or mouldings or a galvanoplastie technique. Another well-known and popular mode of forging is the coating of surfaces with noble metals. Still, the most common forms of forging today are the so-called semi-forgeries that constitute a mixture of techniques and alterations of original works of art made in metal and this applies mainly to military accessories.

5

Zagadnienia konserwacji zabytków sztuki przemysłu artystycznego

51%

Pieńkowski K.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1951

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issue 1-2

24-31

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"Degradation, conservation et restauration de l’oeuvre d’art", R. H. Marijnissen, Bruxelles 1967 : [recenzja]

PRZEGLĄD LITERATURY Z ZAKRESU KONSERWATORSTWA ZA ROK 1948 I. WYDAWNICTWA SPECJALNE

Konserwacja rzeźby z brązu eksponowanej na wolnym powietrzu : pomnik Tadeusza Kościuszki w Waszyngtonie

Metody fałszowania przedmiotów z metali

Zagadnienia konserwacji zabytków sztuki przemysłu artystycznego