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Economic overview of the international state-building of Kosovo in the light of liberal peace thesis: Development trends of the economic system of Kosovo, through UNMIK administration, actuality and the future.

100%

Bashota B., Sela Y., Ismaili F.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

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2014

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issue 10

55-74

EN

In the aftermath of Cold War, the system of United Nations (UN) Peace Missions assumed new proportions, by adjusting the nature of political developments, which characterized the international relations stage in this period. In the peace-keeping agenda of these missions, special focus was given to issues related to “international state-building” in the post-conflict situations, as well as attempts to prevent and manage consequences of the state’s failure. In pursuit of these goals and as part of this agenda, it is believed that liberal western values, especially as part of the “liberal peace thesis”, have become ever more widespread and commonplace. The models of state-building, according to this thesis, include combination of values of liberal democracy and principles of the market economy, as precondition to overall social development, which would contribute to long-term peace. According to this conception According to this conception, it is clear that the transitional process from war to peace and that of state-building, in addition to the political dimensions, also has significant economic dimensions. Therefore, the authors of this study are focused on and aim to analyze and explain the role the economic sector plays in the construction and functioning of the state system in a post-conflict society, as is the case of Kosovo. At the contextual level, the study consists of understanding the role played by UNMIK, as international administration, in the direction of this sector. One part of the study is dedicated to analysing immediate and long-term strategies and approaches of the peacekeeping mission, aimed at reconstruction, i.e. the development of the economic sector from scratch, which would impact directly and indirectly on the creation of an enabling socio-political environment for a lasting peace. But the rest of the study focuses on macroeconomic indicators such as GDP level, monetary policy, as well as import and export situation (trade balance, which realistically reflects the current status of economic development in Kosovo, as well as for measuring the gap between the expected targets and achieved concrete results. This means that these indicators reflect the degree of success or failure of the mission in relation to the fulfillment of this objective. Finally, by analysing the previous and current results, we will try to explain development trends of Kosovo’s economy in the short-term.

2

Exchange Punches, Not Bullets: Reconciliation through Combat Sports

84%

Mickelsson Blomqvist T., Hansson E.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

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2021

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vol. 21

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issue 1

47-55

EN

Background. While sport is often considered a vehicle for peace, the evidence for this notion is weak. There is also a vast difference in the way in which sports have been studied.Problem and aim. In light of the conflict between Ukraine and Russia, the current study investigated reconciliatory attitudes among Ukrainian athletes when facing Russian and non-Russian opponents. The aim was to explore whether sport and competition can unite combat sports athletes despite them coming from countries in conflict. Method. One hundred and fifty-six Ukrainian athletes in several different types of combat sports were recruited and divided into two groups according to whether or not they faced a Russian opponent. The groups then answered questions in regard to reconciliatory attitudes, sociopolitical hostility and aggression. Their answers were analyzed in an ANOVA and with subsequent moderation analysis with the PROCESS macro v3.1. Results and conclusions. We found that, in general, competition influenced reconciliatory attitudes in a positive way. Moreover, the effect was predicted by physical aggression, verbal aggression and anger. Additionally, hostility moderated the relationship between pre- and post- reconciliatory attitudes. However, neither nationality nor sociopolitical perception of Russia influenced reconciliatory attitudes. These findings might have implications for future research on combat sports, such as identifying individuals suitable to reconcile and the fostering of positive attitudes (peace) despite political conflict

PL

Tło. Chociaż sport jest często uważany za narzędzie wprowadzania pokoju, niewiele istnieje na to dowodów. Istnieje również ogromna różnica w sposobie badania sportu.Problem i cel. W świetle konfliktu między Ukrainą a Rosją w niniejszym opracowaniu badano postawy pojednawcze ukraińskich sportowców wobec rosyjskich i nierosyjskich przeciwników. Celem pracy było zbadanie, czy sport i współ-zawodnictwo mogą łączyć rywalizujących sportowców pomimo pochodzenia z krajów będących w konflikcie. Metoda. Zrekrutowano stu pięćdziesięciu sześciu ukraińskich sportowców uprawiających kilku różnych rodzajów sportów walki i podzielono ich na dwie grupy w zależności od tego, czy zmierzyli się z rosyjskim przeciwnikiem, czy nie. Następnie grupy te odpowiadały na pytania dotyczące postawy pojednawczej, wrogości społeczno-politycznej i agresji. Ich odpowiedzi były analizowane w systemie ANOVA z późniejszą analizą moderacyjną za pomocą systemu PROCESS macro v3.1 Wyniki i wnioski. Autorzy stwierdzili, że ogólnie rzecz biorąc, konkurencja wpłynęła pozytywnie na postawy pojednawcze. Co więcej, efekt ten był przewidywany w przypadku agresji fizycznej, agresji werbalnej i złości. Dodatkowo wrogość moderowała związek pomiędzy postawami przed- oraz popojednawczymi. Jednak ani narodowość, ani socjopolityczne postrzeganie Rosji nie wpłynęło na postawy pojednawcze. Wyniki te mogą mieć implikacje dla przyszłych badań nad sportami walki, takich jak identyfikacja osób odpowiednich do wspierania pozytywnych i pojednaczych postaw (pokoju) pomimo konfliktów politycznych.

3

Bottom-up peace-building: Local engagement in resolving conflicts

67%

Samson Z.

Świat Idei i Polityki

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2018

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issue 17

25-54

PL

Artykuł bada, w jaki sposób zaangażowanie ludności lokalnej może przysłużyć się powstrzymywaniu lub rozwiązywaniu aktualnie trwających konfliktów. Autorka rozpatruje metody, dzięki którym mieszkańcy skutecznie tworzą spójne i pokojowo współżyjące społeczeństwo, analizując porównawczo trzy przykłady – Somalilandu, wyspy Idjwi w wschodnim Kongo oraz wiejskich społeczności w Kolumbii. Badania nad lokalnym zaangażowaniem mogą uzupełnić aktualne strategie budowania i utrzymywania pokoju wprowadzane przez organizacje międzynarodowe, które bardzo często pomijają ten aspekt, a w efekcie nie zapewniają długotrwałego pokoju.

EN

The article discusses how local engagement can contribute to preventing or ceasing ongoing conflicts. By the comparative analysis of three case studies – Somaliland, the Idjwi island in eastern Congo and Colombia, the author examines what methods do the local inhabitants use in order to successfully maintain peace and build a coherent society. The research on a bottom-up approach may supplement the strategies implemented by the international organisations of peace-building or peace-keeping missions, which usually neglect the engagement of local society and thus do not ensure sustainable peace.

Refine search results

1 Academicus. International Scientific Journal

1 Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

1 Świat Idei i Polityki

1 Bashota B.

1 Hansson E.

1 Ismaili F.

1 Mickelsson Blomqvist T.

1 Samson Z.

1 Sela Y.

1 2021

1 2018

1 2014

Economic overview of the international state-building of Kosovo in the light of liberal peace thesis: Development trends of the economic system of Kosovo, through UNMIK administration, actuality and the future.

Exchange Punches, Not Bullets: Reconciliation through Combat Sports

Bottom-up peace-building: Local engagement in resolving conflicts