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EN
The aim of the article is to present vital issues related to the school situation of foreign children in Poland. The first part concerns the processes of education and integration of this group of students and legal possibilities to support them. The second one is devoted to the presentation of two (co-written by the author of the article) pedagogical innovations (intercultural portfolio and intercultural tales), which allow us to work with foreigners (kindergarten or first grade) and culturally diverse groups. They serve teaching Polish as a foreign language and forming sensitivity towards otherness. Poland is a country with a relatively low degree of cultural diversity. Working with foreign students is still a big challenge for the teaching staff. Properly chosen educational methods are an important part of the success of the education and integration of foreign students. Evaluation studies show that the methods presented in the text, because of their specificity (possibility of an active and creative learning), gained approval of students and teachers, and are effective. They motivate students to learn and share knowledge about their own culture. They can be used in the course of various activities in the area of education. This article is for everyone interested in intercultural education of children.
EN
The article focuses on the effectiveness of the name-based method (Odimienna Metoda Nauki Czytania) developed by Irena Majchrzak in foreign language teaching to young pupils. Children’s names prove a good starting point for learning to read in a foreign language. As a valuable educational material of emotional charge, the name constitutes an integral part of the learner and thus can be used as a personalised primer containing a basic text to be the first read by children. Originally used to teach reading in Polish kindergartens, the name-based method may inspire teachers in teaching a foreign language to young learners as an ingenious pedagogical innovation. My professional experience indicates that the reading skills in a foreign language in the first stage of education are underestimated. My data come from a six-month experiment in a primary bilingual school where I introduced the name-based method. As a result, the children’s own names in their foreign language versions provided an excellent educational basis. The conclusions reveal that this method helps in expanding vocabulary, developing linguistic sensitivity, stimulating communication skills, and positively affecting language fluency.
EN
In the article new tendencies in the professional training of future primary school teachers in the conditions of university are described. Principles of the cognitive theory about dialectical interdependence of the pedagogical phenomena, social definiteness and human and creative substance of the personality have composed methodological bases of the investigation. Theoretical and practical sense of the investigation consists in the opening of such notions’ essence as “competence approach to professional training of future teachers”, “innovative pedagogical teacher’s activity”. Analyzed experience has allowed planning the ways of the future teachers’ professional training renewal in the educational space of the higher pedagogical institution. Passing of the Law about the higher education in Ukraine orients on the significant deepening of the fundamental and professional training of higher education institution graduates, envisage fundamental changes of teachers’ activity in the educational space of the higher education institution. First of all passage to the dialogical form of interaction with the students is widening the forms and the methods of the educational process arrangement arsenal, introduction of pedagogical innovations into the practice of higher education institutions’ activity, including informational technologies, technologies of projecting of department teachers innovative activity, realization of competence approach, that significantly changes aims, content and educational process technologies in the modern pedagogical higher education institution. It becomes especially brightly apparent in the process of study of the pedagogical disciplines which are the core of the professional competent teacher’s training for the new school. In the process of future primary school teacher’s training it is important to imagine the entire picture of that professional reality which the graduate of the pedagogical higher education institution has to enter. He needs not just to enter but to adapt quickly, become the leader of renewal and high quality of education. Solving of the educational tasks in modern entire pedagogical process needs higher professional qualification of the primary school teacher, formation of teacher’s personality, that is responsible for the value notional component of the education content, for that moral context, in which adoption of this content takes place. It needs strengthening of attention to individual pedagogues’ decisions, the research of their own approaches, extraordinary models of behavior.
XX
During the 16th–18th centuries major changes took place in western European education, both within the organization as well as the methods and curricula, which are often referred to as an educational revolution. Humanism and the Reformation had a significant impact on the changes, and in the 17th century – the rapid development of science and technology. Polish contribution to the ongoing transformation of education was relatively small, but the solutions developed in the West were used. The main assumptions of Renaissance pedagogy were known in Poland already in the 15th century, and in the next century Reformation brought a new organizational model of schools and new educational solutions and curricula. These changes were also consolidated by the teaching orders, which over time monopolised teaching of the middle-level. These changes were introduced to the Polish education by foreign teachers and reformers who came to Poland in large numbers. New concepts were not just passively accepted, as there were a number of improvements, adjusting these concepts to the Polish conditions.
PL
During the 16th–18th centuries major changes took place in western European education, both within the organization as well as the methods and curricula, which are often referred to as an educational revolution. Humanism and the Reformation had a significant impact on the changes, and in the 17th century – the rapid development of science and technology. Polish contribution to the ongoing transformation of education was relatively small, but the solutions developed in the West were used. The main assumptions of Renaissance pedagogy were known in Poland already in the 15th century, and in the next century Reformation brought a new organizational model of schools and new educational solutions and curricula. These changes were also consolidated by the teaching orders, which over time monopolised teaching of the middle-level. These changes were introduced to the Polish education by foreign teachers and reformers who came to Poland in large numbers. New concepts were not just passively accepted, as there were a number of improvements, adjusting these concepts to the Polish conditions.
EN
The article deals with the theoretical bases of forming the future teacher readiness for innovative educational activity in the process of pedagogical practice. Nowadays the readiness to innovative educational activity is one of the most important qualities of a teacher and the factor of his successful professional activity. The aspects of teacher readiness are considered to innovative activity taking into account modern priorities of education. Teacher’s readiness to development, testing and implementation pedagogical innovation in the educational process appears as a necessary component of their professional readiness. The term «readiness to innovative educational activity» is defined as a personal and professional quality, characterized by awareness of the importance and students’ interests to the training and educating pupils on the basis of innovation; presence of motivation while obtaining special knowledge, skills, which are embodied in the organization of educational work; requirements to creative self-actualization and self-realization. It has been found that teaching practice develops the students’ creativity and independence, promotes them as socially active individuals with innovative potential. The structural components of readiness to innovative educational activity are characterized. Readiness to innovate activity is an integral quality of the individual, and it is characterized by a certain degree of formation of motivational, cognitive, creative, reflective and technological components in their unity, which is manifested in the desire to innovative educational activity, in readiness for its implementation at the professional level. The pedagogical conditions of students’ readiness forming to innovative educational activity during teaching practice are determined. The formation of teachers’ readiness to innovative activity is a process that allows the teacher to help in the developing of his values and humanistic orientation, awareness of solving methodology vocational and educational problems, the specific concepts, the ways to implement the conceptual schemes of experience; understanding his results of pedagogical innovations, criteria development of their evaluation and self-esteem.
EN
One of the metaphors of the modern world is the supermarket metaphor. On the one hand, a supermarket is synonymous the lesser quality. On the other hand, a supermarket brings with it the comfort of choice. The supermarket as a space for choice should be inspirational for education. I’m talking about construction, by the teacher, of a process that would allow the pupil real choice of areas or methods of work. The teacher still plays the key role in this scenario, but as an idea-giver and animator of attractive tasks, from which the pupil chooses those most appealing to him/her. And it is the pupil who is de facto the main actor in this process. The enterprises I developed and put into practice at the Liceum Plastyczne (High School of Fine Arts) in Poznan fit into such a supermarket paradigm. These were: “Passive pupil – active pupil” workshops, the pegadogical innovation “Personility of a subject”, and also “Baroque supermarket” project activities which completed another pedagogical innovation – “Playing for Art”.
PL
Jedną z metafor współczesnego świata jest metafora supermarketu. Zarazem supermarket to synonim sklepu gorszej jakości. Ale supermarket niesie ze sobą także komfort wyboru. Supermarket jako przestrzeń wyboru winien być inspiracją dla edukacji. Mam na myśli takie konstruowanie przez nauczyciela procesu, by pozwalał uczniowi na faktyczny wybór obszarów czy metod pracy. Owszem, nadal kluczową rolę w tym ujęciu pełni nauczyciel, ale jako pomysłodawca i animator atrakcyjnych zadań, z których uczeń wybiera te dla niego najbardziej pociągające. I to on – uczeń jest de facto głównym aktorem w tym procesie. W taki supermarketowy paradygmat wpisują się przedsięwzięcia, które opracowałam i wdrożyłam w Liceum Plastycznym w Poznaniu. Są to warsztaty „Uczeń bierny – uczeń aktywny”, innowacja pedagogiczna „Osobowość przedmiotu”, a także działanie projektowe „Barokowy supermarket” wieńczące kolejną innowację pedagogiczną „Gra o sztukę”.
PL
Przed współczesną edukacją, w tym edukacją geograficzną stoją coraz to nowe wyzwania. Pomimo podniesienia poziomu edukacji, która stała się powszechna i naturalna, procesów globalizacji i wzrostu zamożności społeczeństwa, występują w nim jednak nadal grupy społeczne nie nadążające za rozwojem społeczno-ekonomicznym większości. Szczególnym przykładem takich grup są mniejszości etniczne i narodowe, a dokładnie romska mniejszość etniczna w Polsce. Edukacja romskiej mniejszości etnicznej w Polsce, pomimo jej zamieszkiwania w naszym kraju od wieków, rozpoczęła się dopiero 10 lat temu, wraz z powstaniem „Programu na rzecz społeczności romskiej w Polsce”. Przed jego rozpoczęciem dzieci romskie albo nie chodziły do szkoły wcale, albo kończyły kilka klas szkoły podstawowej uczęszczając do tzw. „klas romskich”. Brak wykształcenia (często wręcz analfabetyzm) oraz funkcjonujący w polskim społeczeństwie negatywny stereotyp Cygana sprawił, że stali się oni grupą wykluczoną społecznie. W roku 2001, w trakcie fazy testowej programu w województwie małopolskim stanęło przed nauczycielami, w tym nauczycielami geografii, nowe wyzwanie-nauczanie multikulturowe, trudne do realizacji w niemal jednorodnym etnicznie państwie. Prócz bariery językowej, negatywnego stereotypu i niechęci wielu rodziców romskich do edukacji, walczyć przyszło pracownikom szkoły również z różnicami kulturowymi. W wielu szkołach udaje się jednak dziś realizować edukację dzieci romskich w klasach integracyjnych dzięki wysiłkowi i przygotowaniu nauczycieli wspomagających, i utworzeniu stanowiska asystenta romskiego. Autorki w artykule skupiają się na tych właśnie innowacyjnych rozwiązaniach w dziedzinie kształtowania kompetencji pracowników oświaty, które umożliwiają dziś skuteczną edukację dzieci romskich – jedynego sposobu na walkę z wykluczeniem społecznym tej mniejszości.
EN
Modern education, including geographic education, has to face new challenges. Unfortunately, in spite of the raising level of education, which has become common and natural, the processes of globalization and the higher standard of living, there still exist social groups that lag behind the majority in terms of socio-economic development. A particular example of such groups are ethnic and national minorities, for example the Roma ethnic minority in Poland. In spite of the fact that the Roma ethnic minority has been present in Poland for centuries, their actual education began 10 years ago, as the “Programme for the Roma community in Poland” took off. Before that, Roma children did not attend school at all, or ended education after a couple of years of primary school in “Roma classes”. The lack of education (often even illiteracy) and the negative stereotype of Roma in the Polish society caused the social exclusion of the Roma minority. In 2001, during the testing of the program in the Malopolska province, teachers faced a new challenge – multicultural teaching, difficult to implement in an ethnically homogeneous nation. In addition to language barriers, negative stereotype and reluctance of Romani parents to educate their children, the school staff also have to overcome cultural differences. However, in many schools education of Roma children is successful in integration classes, thanks to the efforts and preparation of supporting teachers and the new post of the Roma assistant. In the article, the authors focus on those innovative solutions in the field of development of the competence of educational staff, that enable the effective education of Roma children – the only way to fight with the social exclusion of the Roma minority.
EN
Discoveries in pedagogy cause impact on innovations, changes, which in turn contribute to finding innovative methods of teaching and education, which would facilitate the formation of a new generation of creative individuals. Educational innovations lead to the changes in objectives, content, methods and forms of education and training that allow adapting the teaching process up to date. System and local innovative educational technologies, including technology TIPS, are released today in the educational process of institutions of different levels. This technology promotes the development of research abilities of students, providing the ability to work with information independently. Some facilities of innovative thinking can be used in the self studying in the classroom, walks, tours, educational activities. Application of these methods reveals the thinking process technology, brings perseverance, self-esteem, independent thinking. In our view, the main thing that makes TIPS so attractive to modern teacher and a student is ability to speak free without fear that the answer is incorrect. This is a guarantee of freedom of thought, imagination, logical and abstract imagination independence. The purpose of the article: to share experience of future teachers exposition with elementary school TIPS pedagogy during studying at the university and paying attention to this, in our view, effective innovative technology. A number of theoretical and empirical methods were used during the conducted study. Theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, system method) allowed defining the problem, examining the literature on this issue; reading the opinions of teachers on innovation in education and technology of TIPS; determining the level of implementation of TIPS technologies in teaching process. Empirical methods (observation, questioning, learning performance of students) helped with determination of the level of interest and practical mastery of future elementary school teachers the technology of TIPS methods. The results showed a high level of students’ interest in this technology and desire to use it in their future careers. In their view, TIPS pedagogy is the most appropriate for the development of creative abilities of children. Students will master the communication skills such as the ability to listen and hear someone else, be attentive to themselves and to understand the feelings and spirits of others, take part in free conversation. While teaching the course “TIPS Pedagogy” students got creative problems that contributed to their mastery of new methods of finding and generating original ideas, reducing a psychological inertia of fantasy, systematic and dialectical speech. We agree with A. Nesterenko, who stresses that the main thing that TIPS technology teaches is the ability to act.
EN
Pedagogical innovations is a broad and important field of educational policy in the range of executing current priorities of education mentioned by the experts not only in Europe. More and more scientific publications concerning innovative competencies and pedagogical work are to the disposal of theorists as well as practitioners and educational administration employees what proclaims the beginning of my article and extensive analysis of etiology and classification of pedagogical innovations. Undoubtedly, the place of a teacher, who acts in the capacity of an author as well as a recipient of changes which aims to brighten the process of care, education, breeding and pedagogical therapy, is very significant. One of the primary, as far as not the most essential feature of a contemporary teacher is the creativity which forms the source of quick adaptation in the profession of a teacher and often enough satisfaction from performed occupation. Each act of relation between a teacher and a student is new, different because refers to an individual who is a distinct being, multidimensional. A teacher-innovator is an employee highly welcome by every educational establishment which cares for appeal of its educational offer and most of all about catholic development of a student and especially about the progress of divergent thinking. Pro and anti innovativeness are an effect of changes made top-down by the ministry of education within the innovative activity. Thus, analysing and critical view on pedagogical innovations seem to be the priority at a time of contemporary reform.
PL
Innowacje pedagogiczne to szeroki i ważny obszar polityki oświatowej w zakresie realizowania aktualnych priorytetów edukacji wymienianych przez ekspertów nie tylko w Europie. Coraz więcej publikacji naukowych dotyczących kompetencji innowacyjnych i twórczości pedagogicznej jest do dyspozycji teoretyków jak i praktyków oraz pracowników administracji oświatowej, o czym świadczy początek mojego artykułu i obszerna analiza etiologii i klasyfikacji innowacji pedagogicznych. Niewątpliwie istotne jest miejsce nauczyciela w realizacji innowacji pedagogicznych, który występuje w roli zarówno twórcy jak i odbiorcy zmian mających na celu ulepszenie procesu opieki, kształcenia, wychowania i terapii pedagogicznej. Jedną z podstawowych, o ile nie najważniejszą, cechą współczesnego nauczyciela jest jego kreatywność, która stanowi źródło szybkiej adaptacji w profesji nauczyciela a niejednokrotnie satysfakcji z wykonywanego zawodu. Każdy bowiem akt relacji nauczyciela z uczniem jest nowy, inny, gdyż dotyczący jednostki, będącej odrębnym bytem wielowymiarowym. Nauczyciel – innowator to pracownik pożądany przez każdą placówkę oświatową, która dba o atrakcyjność swojej oferty edukacyjnej a przede wszystkim o wszechstronny rozwój ucznia a zwłaszcza jego zdolności myślenia dywergencyjnego. Pro - i antyinnowacyjność jest efektem zmian dokonywanych odgórnie przez resort oświaty w obrębie działalności innowacyjnej. Zatem priorytetem wydaje się dokonywanie analizy i krytyczne spojrzenie na innowacje pedagogiczne w dobie współczesnej reformy.
PL
Termin innowacja pojawia się często w różnych kontekstach. W ostatnich latach obserwujemy wzrost liczby publikacji o innowacjach pedagogicznych w dydaktyce geografii. Zainteresowanie tą tematyką wynika z wielu czynników. Do istotnych należą zachodzące zmiany społeczno-gospodarcze i kulturowe, rozwój geografii oraz poszukiwanie nowych koncepcji kształcenia. Celem podjętego studium było rozpoznanie źródeł innowacji pedagogicznych oraz ich wpływu na treści programowe i ich egzemplifikacje w podręcznikach szkolnych do geografii. Dokonano analizy i oceny programów nauczania geografii i wybranych podręczników. We wprowadzeniu przedstawiono rozumienie pojęcia innowacji w pedagogice, a następnie dokonano analizy wybranych źródeł innowacji w nauczaniu geografii. W drugiej części przedstawiono wyniki analizy i oceny wpływu wyróżnionych źródeł innowacji na zmiany programów nauczania geografii i podręczników szkolnych.
EN
The term innovation appears frequently in various contexts. In recent years we have experienced an increase in publications on pedagogical innovations in geography education. This increase in interest in this topic stems from many factors. The significant changes include economic, social and cultural and the search for new concept of education. The aim of his study was to identify sources of pedagogical innovations and their impact on geography curriculum. The first part shows the understanding of the term innovation in pedagogy. Then, an analysis of sources of innovation in teaching geography was conducted. The second part shows the results of the analysis and evaluation of the impact of analyzed sources of innovation on geography curriculum and textbooks.
EN
The purpose of this paper is to indicate an ambiguous understanding of the notion of innovation in education and misunderstandings connected with it. It also involves a critical analysis of the main sources of difficulty in choosing and executing pedagogical innovations, as well as encourages reflection on and mobilisation for self-preparedness to make changes in the profession. This paper will discuss arguments confirming the necessity of innovative actions in education. Examples of actual innovative actions and ostensible actions/pseudo-innovations will be given, characteristics of innovators and “Pharisees of innovation” will be presented. This paper will also demonstrate the possibilities of organising pedagogical innovations efficiently, and the possible support for innovative teachers, leading to the increase in the efficiency of their actions.
|
2022
|
vol. 5
|
issue 2
183-212
EN
The pedagogical innovations may constitute a starting point for effecting changes in the education system. Search for the new, alternative solutions which will become a motivation for self-development of teachers and which will satisfy needs of children is necessary. The knowledge regarding the factors conditioning implementation of pedagogical innovations in pre-school institutions increases the chances of analyzing these factors in the context of operations of the institution where attempts are being made at implementing innovative solutions. The subject of the deliberations presented in this paper consist of the factors conditioning implementation of pedagogical innovations in pre-school institutions in the theoretical approach and in consideration of the results of own studies.
PL
Innowacje pedagogiczne mogą stanowić punkt wyjścia do podejmowania zmian w edukacji. Konieczne jest poszukiwanie nowych alternatywnych rozwiązań, które stanowić będą motywację do samodoskonalenia nauczycieli i zaspokojenia potrzeb dzieci. Znajomość czynników warunkujących realizację innowacji pedagogicznych w przedszkolach zwiększa szansę na przeanalizowanie ich w kontekście działań placówki, w której podejmuje się próby wdrażania nowatorskich rozwiązań. Przedmiotem rozważań w tym artykule są czynniki warunkujące realizację innowacji pedagogicznych w przedszkolach w ujęciu teoretycznym i wyników badań własnych.
EN
NGOs, public and private institutions, as well as teachers and teachers, who have been active in promoting and teaching programming, have been very positive about the creation of a modern model of digital education in Poland, and in particular programming in formal education. It is noteworthy that generally programming skills are only part of the broadly understood digital and media competences, and the universality of communication technology makes the quality of life of modern-day citizens increasingly dependent on the ability to understand and use the information that reaches us through the media. Interestingly, the relationship between teacher and learner in programming classes, and especially the occupied zone (distance). Does the distance change when the research problem changes, and what distance is most commonly received during the learning process.
PL
Organizacje pozarządowe, instytucje publiczne i prywatne, a także nauczycielki i nauczyciele, aktywni od lat w promowaniu i nauczaniu programowania bardzo pozytywnie oceniają tworzenie nowoczesnego modelu edukacji cyfrowej w Polsce, a w szczególności naukę programowania w nauczaniu formalnym. Warto zauważyć, że ogólnie umiejętność programowania to tylko część szeroko rozumianych kompetencji cyfrowych i medialnych, a powszechność technologii komunikacyjnych sprawia, że jakość życia obywateli współczesnego społeczeństwa w coraz większym stopniu zależy od zdolności rozumienia i korzystania z informacji docierających do nas za pośrednictwem mediów. Ciekawie przedstawiają się relacje między nauczycielem a uczniami podczas zajęć z programowania, a szczególnie zajmowana strefa (dystans). Czy dystans się zmienia, gdy zmienia się problem badawczy i jaki dystans jest najczęściej przyjmowany w trakcie nauki.
PL
Zabawa klockami kryje w sobie ogromny potencjał edukacyjny. W artykule analizuję możliwość wykorzystania elementów zabawy klockami Lego w edukacji filozoficznej. Opisuję projekt LEGO-LOGOS jako metodę prowadzenia warsztatów filozoficznych z użyciem klocków Lego. Projekt adaptuje naturalne środowisko zabawy dziecka (tu zabawy klockami Lego) do nauczania filozofii i filozofowania sensu stricto. W nauczaniu filozofii dużym problemem jest opór uczniów w formułowaniu i wypowiadaniu swoich myśli. Proponowana metoda pozwala na swobodną i twórczą ekspresję pomysłów, idei i interpretacji. Zostanie opisana struktura zajęć prowadzonych metodą LEGO-LOGOS, analiza założeń pedagogicznych i filozoficznych metody oraz możliwości jej zastosowania w edukacji i poza edukacją.
EN
LEGO bricks have an enormous educational potential. The article analyzes the possibility of using the bricks in teaching philosophy. As a case in point, it describes the LEGO-LOGOS project, a method where the bricks have been successfully used in opening students to philosophical ideas. The project makes use of play (in this case with the LEGO bricks) to introduce students to philosophy and philosophizing. It tackles one of the biggest obstacles in teaching this subject, that is the resistance of students to formulate and express their thoughts as the method allows for a free and creative expression of ideas and interpretations. The article describes the structure of the classes where the method is to be used and provides an analysis of educational and philosophical assumptions of LEGO-LOGOS also touching on the possibility of using the method as a tool in the school setting and beyond.
EN
Modern society requires high level of professionalism and competence from a teacher. Some prerequisites of the use of historical and pedagogical heritage with the aim to form ethnic cultural and multicultural students’ skills in the process of high school necessary fro future pedagogical work in modern conditions are colligated. The problem of the use of creative platform resources of museums of educational establishments, city and region as a micro factor of professional competence of future educators is illuminated. The necessity of pedagogical innovations and historically approved retro experience, personifying ideas implementing and progressive tendencies in modern high school is actualized.
PL
Współczesne społeczeństwo wymaga od pedagoga wysokiego poziomu profesjonalizmu i kompetencji. W artykule uogólniają się niektóre przesłanki użycia historyczno-pedagogicznej spuścizny w celu kształtowania przyzwyczajeń studentów w oświatowym procesie wyższej szkoły, koniecznych dla przyszłej pedagogicznej działalności we współczesnych warunkach. Oświeca się problem użycia zasobów twórczych placów muzeów nauczalni, miasta i regionu jak mikroczynnika fachowej kompetencji przyszłych pedagogów. Zaktualizowano konieczność integracji pedagogicznej innowacji i historycznie zaaprobowanego retrodoświadczenia, wprowadzenia upersonifikowanych ideii progresywnych tendencji we współczesnej wyższej szkole.
RU
Современное общество требует от педагога высокого уровня профессионализма и ком- петентности. В статье обобщаются некоторые предпосылки использования историко- педагогического наследия с целью формирования этнокультурных и поликультурных навыков студентов в образовательном процессе высшей школы, необходимых для бу- дущей педагогической деятельности в современных условиях. Освещается проблема использования ресурсов творческих площадок музеев учебного заведения, города и региона как микрофактора профессиональной компетенции будущих педагогов. Актуа- лизировано необходимость интегрирования педагогической инноватики и исторически апробированного ретроопыта, внедрения персонифицированных идей и прогрессивных тенденций в современной высшей школе.
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