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EN
Personal resources are an important factor contributing to health and the quality of life. Their role is even greater in difficult situations, such as the ones experienced by individuals with visual and auditory impairments/deficits. The research was to diagnise personal resources of adults with isual and auditory impairments/deficits. These resources were analysed in terms of the meanig of life, self-assessment, and social support. Research was conducted with 80 respondents aged 20-30, where 40 respondents were visually impaired, and 40 respondents were auditorily impaired. Instruments used: The Meanig of Life Scale by J.C. Crumbaugh and K.T. Maholicka, A Questionnaire of Social Support by J.S. Norbeck, a Self-Assessment Scale by W.H. Fitts, and author’s own questionnarie. Research findings reveal certain divergences between groups in terms of the analysed resources, with the most significant ones in the sphere of self-assessment.
EN
Interests allow young people to define themselves, encourage the formation of positive elements of their own identity, and give value and importance to their own activities. The issues related to the components of young people’s identities have been a subject of increasing research interest in recent years. As it has been determined, there is a lack of data in Poland regarding the role of educational environments in shaping a positive identity based on the development of young people’s interests. The purpose of the study is to identify the general level of interests among adolescents. Additionally, it is important to determine whether the level of interests is linked to sense of coherence and resilience. The study was carried out on a sample of 635 adolescents of both genders, aged 14-18 years old. The participants were students of lower secondary schools of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. The following research tools were used in the study: Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC-29), Resilience Scale (SPP-18), and author’s own measurement tool: Level of Interests Measurement Scale. In the sample of adolescents, general sense of coherence and sense of comprehensibility proved to be positively correlated with general level of interests. Regression analysis demonstrated the significance of psychological resilience components and sense of coherence factors that support the development of interests. Preventive and educational work should aim to support the shaping of a positive and creative identity by stimulating the potentials, resources and talents of young people. Young people’s passions and interests should be stimulated and encouraged towards creating a positive identity.
EN
Disease acceptance plays great importance in process of accommodation for chronic disease. The study was aimed at the evaluation of the effect of acceptance of addiction from alcohol as a disease on long-term abstinence among male alcoholics attending in outpatient clinics. The attempt of finding personal resources which are connected with disease acceptance was taken too. 132 Jan Chodkiewicz The patients were evaluated twice: at the beginning (N= 194) and the end of therapy (N = 98). According to the results of a questionnaire two subgroups on the grounds of the duration of their abstinence after alcohol treatment were distinguished. The first subgroup of 52 patients (A) abstained for over 12 months, while the other (B) included 28 patients who had relapses in that period. On the beginning of the therapy the disease acceptance differentiate patients from these two groups. A-group patients has statistical higher level of disease acceptance than B-group patients. This difference is invariable despite of growth of disease acceptance in both groups in the course of treatment. Most helpful for disease acceptance happen the personal resources like: preference of active ways of coping with stress, a sense of self-worth and efficacy, satisfaction with life, optimism and low level of fear. The great importance have also need of endurance, achievements and order.
EN
Stress in the workplace, personal resources and professional burnout concern many workers in the contemporary world. These are common problems also among two groups of musicians: teaching musician and non-teaching musicians. The purpose of the study was to establish the dependence between occupational stress and burnout syndrome in these groups. The studied groups consisted of 94 musicians. The Perceived Job Stress Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Generalized Self- Efficacy Scale, The Resiliency Assessment Scale were used in this study. The data obtained revealed significant differentiation in a level of stress in the workplace among teaching musicians and non- teaching musicians. Teaching musicians differs in comparison with non-teaching musicians in general level of stress and four its factors: psychical balance of work, lack of rewards, social contacts and uncertainty at work. The data obtained revealed significant intensity of stress feeling at work in evaluated group. However, there are no significant differences in personal resources. To conclude: higher intensity of occupational stress is connected with the greater intensification of burnout syndrome and lower intensification of sense of personal achievements in investigated group of teaching musicians.
EN
Background. The importance of monitoring work-related stress and its consequences for mental health is underlined by the increasing prevalence of absence from work due to stress-related illnesses. Objectives. The aim of the study was to examine personal resources as mediating factors in the development of anxiety and depression from work-related stress in high-risk professions. Sample and methods. The sample comprised a total of 208 police officers, prison guards and customs officers (78.8% men, an average age of 36.5) who provided socio-demographic and job-related information. The Occupational Stress Inventory was used (OSI-R), in particular Occupational Roles Questionnaire and Personal Resources Questionnaire, State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI X-1), and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Occupational roles represent measurement of occupational stress. Statistical analysis. Structural modelling was used for statistical analysis. Results. The final model, comprising working time (emergency care, overtime, night shifts), occupational roles and personal resources, predicted 35% of variability of anxiety, and 42% of variability of depression. Significant predictors of anxiety were the roles of overload and ambiguity, which were mediated by recreation and rational-cognitive coping strategies. Significant predictors of depression were the roles of overload, insufficiency and ambiguity, which were mediated by recreation, social support and rational-cognitive coping strategies. Night shifts, overtime and emergency care did not predict anxiety and depression although they predicted occupational roles. The effect of occupational roles including overload, insufficiency and ambiguity on anxiety and depression was statistically significant, yet indirectly, by reducing personal resources. Personal resources are considerable mediating factors between stress, anxiety and depression in the studied professions. Limits. The study was cross-sectional. Causal relationships can be further tested using interventional studies.
EN
Processes of children’s in the family are partly related to the quality of their parents’ marriage, which is influenced by various factors. Different factors have significant influence on marital quality. In particular, the link between personal characteristics of spouses (e.g. personality traits, attitudes, and values) and marital satisfaction has received much attention. However, there have been few studies concerning partners’ personal resources. The current research examined the effect of self-efficacy and resiliency on marital satisfaction among women. The study has covered 239 married women. Three questionnaires were used: the Wellmatched Marriage Questionnaire (KDM-2; Plopa, 2008), the Resiliency Assessment Scale (SPP-25, Ogińska-Bulik, Juczyński, 2008), and the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES, Polish adaptation, Juczyński, 2001). Correlation and regression analyses were performed in this study. Both general self-efficacy and resiliency proved to be positively associated with marital satisfaction in general terms. Self-efficacy also correlated positively with intimacy and similarity, while resiliency correlated positively with all favorable dimensions of marital relation, and negatively with disappointment. Regression analyses showed that one aspect of resiliency – openness to experience and sense of humour – was a significant positive predictor of marital satisfaction.
EN
The purpose of this project was to determine the relationships between the sense of coherence and paramedics’ coping with stress styles. Owning such resources as high sense of coherence or task-oriented coping with stress style does not imply triggering them in encountering a critical situation. However, if triggered, they become an important variable acting as an intermediary between stressful events and coping. Two concepts serve as a theoretical basis: R. Lazarus’ transactional theory of stress and Antonovsky’s salutogenic theory.
EN
The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between fi ve-factor personality traits and subjective health in retirement age, including the mediating role of personal resources. The sample comprised of 240 older adults approaching or of retirement age; aged 55-70 (M = 60.1 years). Subjective health was negatively associated with neuroticism and positively associated with extraversion and openness to experiences. Multiple mediation analyses indicated that personal resources (especially the sense of meaningfulness) mediated most of the analyzed associations between personality and subjective health. For conscientiousness suppressive effects were found.
EN
Nowadays there is a tendency that people plan and carry on their career paths beyond borders of their homeland. Even though labor migration has become less risky than before, it requires vital changes in the lifestyle as well as having personal resources which can guarantee successful accomplishment of the individual plans. In the article, the author analyzes various aspects of personal resources of Polish labor emigrants in European Union countries.
PL
Coraz częściej ludzie planują i realizują swoją karierę poza granicami własnego kraju. Mimo że emigracja zarobkowa nie jest już w takim stopniu, jak w przeszłości, naznaczona ryzykiem, to jednak wymaga istotnych zmian w życiu oraz posiadania określonych zasobów osobistych gwarantujących pomyślną realizację podjętych planów. Opracowanie stanowi przegląd badań dotyczących różnych aspektów zasobów osobistych polskich emigrantów zarobkowych do krajów Unii Europejskiej.
EN
Background Personal resources are one of the determinants of lifestyle and health. The aim of the research was to analyze the relationship between sense of generalized self-efficacy, and body mass index (BMI), diet health quality and health behaviors of female nursing students and active professional nurses. The analyzed variables in the group of students and nurses were also compared. Material and Methods The study was conducted among a group of 269 women (174 students and 95 nurses working at hospitals), using: the Beliefs and Eating Habits Questionnaire (KomPAN), Juczyński’s Health Behavior Inventory (HBI) and the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). The BMI was assessed on the basis of anthropometric measurements. Statistical calculations were performed using analysis of variance, the Student’s t-test, multivariable regression analysis and Pearson’s correlation as well as moderation analysis, with the adopted level of statistical significance at α = 0.05. Results Professionally active nurses achieved higher BMI levels (25.95 vs. 22.31 kg/m2, p < 0.001) and a higher non-healthy diet index – nHDI-14 (17.04 vs. 15.00, p = 0.038) than students. It was shown that with the increase in generalized self-efficacy (GSE), diet health quality and the level of positive mental attitude, proper eating habits and the overall index of health behaviors increased. The BMI increased with the rise in the non-healthy diet index and with the decline in health behaviors (individual categories and the overall index). It was not found that the group (students vs. working nurses) was a moderator of the relationships between health behaviors and indicators of diet health quality with GSE of the studied nurses (p > 0.05). Conclusions Nurses with a higher sense of self-efficacy declared a higher diet health quality and healthier behaviors, and their BMI was related to diet quality and health behaviors.
EN
Objectives Music educators are subjected to many physical and psychological stresses encountered in the workplace. These stresses could be counteracted by certain work-related behavior and experience patterns as personal resources to reduce the negative consequences of stress. The aim of the study was to determine the existing work-related behavioral and experiential patterns and the characteristics of the Work-Related Behavior and Experience Patterns (Arbeitsbezogenes Verhaltens- und Erlebensmuster – AVEM) questionnaire dimensions in the professional group of music educators according to age group. Material and Methods A total of 205 music educators (66.3% female) from various music schools in Germany participated in the online survey. The subjects were divided into 3 age groups (AG): AG I: ≤35 years, AG II: 36–45 years, AG III: ≥46 years. In addition to sociodemographic and occupational data, the standardized AVEM questionnaire was used according to Schaarschmidt and Fischer. The age and occupation-related data were evaluated in a correlation analysis with the expression of AVEM dimensions. Results A total of 71.4% of the music educators were ≥46 years old group. Another 12.8% belonged to AG II, and 15.8% belonged to AG III. The sex distribution in the 3 age groups was comparable (p = 0.261). The expression of all AVEM dimensions was within the reference range. The most pronounced dimension, with a stanine value of M±SD 5.2±2.15, was the willingness to spend. There was also no significant difference in the assignment to the 4 patterns in the 3 age groups (p = 0.669). Age showed a negative correlation with the experience of social support (ρ = –0.354). Conclusions The age-independent and high intervention-requiring expressions of the AVEM risk patterns A and B led to the recommendation of workplace prevention and health promotion measures. Therefore, it seems reasonable to promote appropriate stress management measures and resilience during studies.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę ukazania źródeł i sposobów rozumienia mądrości na gruncie psychologii. W pierwszej kolejności mądrość jest ukazana jako fenomen mający źródło i specyficzny sposób rozumienia na gruncie filozofii i teologii. W dalszej kolejności prezentowana jest historia rozwoju pojęcia mądrości na gruncie psychologii. Następnie zostają przedstawione najważniejsze psychologiczne koncepcje mądrości takich autorów, jak Sternberg, Baltes i Labouvie-Vief. Na tym tle zostaje zaprezentowana trzyczynnikowa teoria mądrości autorstwa Ardelt, według której mądrość jest połączeniem czynnika poznawczego, refleksyjnego i emocjonalnego.
EN
This article is an attempt to show the sources and ways of understanding wisdom in the field of psychology. Firstly wisdom is depicted as a phenomenon that has got its source and a specific way of understanding in the philosophy and theology. Subsequently paper presents a history of the development of the concept of wisdom in psychology. Next part refers to selected concepts of wisdom proposed by leading authors such as Sternberg, Baltes and Labouvie-Vief. This background allows to present Ardelt’s Three Dimensional Wisdom Theory in which wisdom is a understood as a combination of cognitive, reflective and emotional (compassionate) components.
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PL
Zmienność, niepowtarzalność, dynamika i różnorodność sytuacji, z którymi konfrontuje się współczesny nauczyciel, wymaga od niego nie tylko dobrego przygotowania do wykonywania zawodu, ale również wykorzystywania dostępnych zasobów, by zmierzyć się z wyzwaniami wynikającymi z pełnionej roli. Przedmiotem rozważań podjętych w artykule jest poczucie koherencji studentów kierunków nauczycielskich. Badania przeprowadzono wśród 116 studentów. Do badań wykorzystano Kwestionariusz Globalnej Orientacji Życiowej (SOC-29) Antonovsky’ego.
EN
A contemporary teacher has to confront a number of situations of great variability, unique-ness, dynamics and diversity. This requires not only good preparation for the profession but also use of accessible resources in order to face the challenges resulting from the role they play. The line of approach of this article is the sense of coherence of students of teaching careers. The research have been conducted among 116 students with the use of Antonovsky´s Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC 29).
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Content available

Joga dla dzieci i młodzieży

58%
Forum Oświatowe
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2021
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vol. 33
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issue 2(66)
95-108
EN
In the last few years, there has been a significant increase in self-aggressive behavior among children and adolescents in Poland and a deterioration of their general mental health. A sedentary lifestyle, parental consent for a time “filled” with electronics, inadequate diet, lack of contact with nature, weakening family ties are only a part of contemporary conditions for the development of children and youth. It becomes so important to strengthen personal resources, which are health potentials, from an early age. The aim of the article is to present the values of yoga and relaxation and their psychosomatic practices as appropriate means of strengthening the mental and physical well-being of children and adolescents.
PL
W ostatnich kilku latach odnotowuje się w Polsce znaczny wzrost zachowań autoagresywnych wśród dzieci i młodzieży oraz pogorszenie ich ogólnego stanu zdrowia psychicznego. Siedzący tryb życia, przyzwolenie na czas „wypełniony” przez elektronikę, nieodpowiednia dieta, brak kontaktu z naturą, osłabienie relacji rodzinnych, to tylko cząstka tworząca współczesne warunki rozwoju dzieci i młodzieży. Obowiązkiem i koniecznością w kontekście chęci zapobiegania problemom zdrowotnym wśród dzieci i młodzieży staje się wzmacnianie już od najmłodszych lat zasobów osobistych będących potencjałami zdrowia. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przybliżenie walorów jogi i relaksacji, ich psychosomatycznych praktyk jako właściwych środków umacniania dobrostanu psychicznego i fizycznego dzieci i młodzieży.
Medycyna Pracy
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2014
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vol. 65
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issue 6
755-764
EN
Background: The aim of the study was to examine whether gain or loss of personal resources is associated with conflict or facilitation between work and family. Material and Methods: The study involved 90 employees (mean age: 34.5 years). The Polish version of COR-Evaluation (Conservation of Resources-Evaluation) questionnaire, developed by Hobfoll and adapted by Dudek et al, was used to assess personal resources. The questionnaire enables to estimate gain and loss of 40 resources and calculate the overall level of gained or lost resources. SWING Questionnaire (Survey Work-Home Interaction, Nijmegen), developed by Geurts et al. and adapted by Mościcka-Teske and Merecz), was used to examine the quality of work–home and home–work relationship. Results: The gain of personal resources positively correlates with both home–work facilitation (HWF) and work–home facilitation (WHF). Improvement of the family relations proved to be the most significant predictor of HWF and WHF. The loss of personal resources coincides with high level of conflict between the investigated areas of life. The main predictor of home–work conflict (HWC) was the variable relating to restrictions of access to medical services. In case of work–home conflict (WHC) the reduction of material security in case of dramatic life events was the major predictor. Conclusions: The results confirmed that the gain of resources is crucial for HWF/WHF, while their loss is an important factor, when the HWC/WHC is considered. The resources, which proved to be the main predictors of work–home and home–work relationship were also indicated. The obtained information may be beneficial to human resources managers, especially in designing the activities aimed at increasing the satisfaction and effectiveness of employees. Med Pr 2014;65(6):755–764
PL
Wstęp: Celem niniejszego badania było sprawdzenie, czy strata lub zysk zasobów osobistych ma związek z występowaniem konfliktu lub facylitacji między pracą a rodziną. Materiał i metody: W badaniu wzięło udział 90 osób, których średnia wieku wynosiła 34,5 roku. Do oszacowania zasobów osobistych wykorzystano COR-Evaluation (Conservation of Resources-Evaluation) Hobfolla, zaadaptowany przez Dudka i wsp. Narzędzie to pozwala ocenić poziom zysków i strat w zakresie 40 zasobów oraz obliczyć ogólny poziom zyskanych bądź utraconych zasobów. Do zbadania jakości relacji praca–dom oraz dom–praca użyto kwestionariusza SWING (Survey Work-Home Interaction – Nijmegen) Geurts i wsp. w adaptacji Mościckiej-Teske i Merecz. Wyniki: Zysk zasobów osobistych pozytywnie korelował z facylitacją praca–dom i dom–praca. Szczególnie istotnym predyktorem w obydwu przypadkach było polepszenie się kontaktów z najbliższymi członkami rodziny. Strata zasobów osobistych współwystępowała z wysokim poziomem konfliktu między badanymi sferami życia. Głównym predyktorem konfliktu dom–praca była zmienna oznaczająca ograniczenie swobodnego dostępu do świadczeń medycznych. W odniesieniu do konfliktu praca–dom kluczowym wyznacznikiem okazało się zmniejszenie posiadanego zabezpieczenia materialnego na wypadek dramatycznych zdarzeń losowych. Wnioski: Wyniki badania potwierdziły, że zysk zasobów osobistych pełni istotną rolę podczas kształtowania się pozytywnej relacji między życiem prywatnym a zawodowym. Strata zasobów jest natomiast kluczowa dla zaistnienia konfliktu między tymi obszarami. Ponadto wskazano, które z zasobów są predyktorami jakości relacji praca–dom i dom–praca. Uzyskane informacje ułatwią m.in. planowanie oddziaływań w obszarze zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi, np. podczas projektowania aktywności, które mają na celu zwiększenie satysfakcji i efektywności zawodowej pracowników. Med. Pr. Med. Pr. 2014;65(6):755–764
PL
Organizacje, które swoje funkcjonowanie oparły na działaniu zespołów, osiągają wyższą efektywność i lepiej radzą sobie z rozwiązywaniem problemów. Istotne znaczenie ma klimat pracy, który determinuje chęć członków do współpracy zarówno na rzecz realizacji zadań, jak i wzajemnego wsparcia (por. Edmondson, 1999; Huang i wsp., 2014; Zohar, Luria, 2005). Celem badań jest określenie związków między zasobami osobistymi w postaci orientacji pozytywnej i prężności psychicznej a psychologicznym klimatem bezpieczeństwa w zespole oraz wydajnością w pracy. Analiza statystyczna potwierdziła pozytywne związki wszystkich zmiennych w modelu oraz ujawniła, że orientacja pozytywna i prężność psychiczna stanowią istotne statystycznie predyktory wydajności, a także że psychologiczny klimat bezpieczeństwa w zespole pełni rolę częściowego mediatora w tej relacji.
EN
Organizations that have based their functioning on teamwork achieve higher effectivity and are better at resolving problems. Work climate is of great importance as it determines employee willingness to work in a team both to accomplish tasks and for mutual support (compare with Edmondson, 1999; Huang et al., 2013; Zohar and Luria, 2005). The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between personal resources (in the form of positive orientation and resiliency), psychological team safety climate, and job performance. Statistical analysis has confirmed positive correlations among all variables in the model. Positive orientation and psychological resilience are significant predictors of efficiency as well as the psychological safety climate in the team, which serve as a partial mediator in this relationship.
EN
One’s functioning at work depends strongly on working environment conditions, including work organization and interpersonal relationships. Working environment is an important area of professional and social development of an individual but may also constitute a source of many problems, causing unnecessary tensions, negative behaviours and consequently, lower the working culture. The aim of this study is to draw attention to work humanization issue and place of an individual in the working process. The article shows an analysis of studies concerning working environment and its elements, interpersonal relationships at work and educational impact of the working environment.
PL
Funkcjonowanie człowieka w miejscu pracy zależy przede wszystkim od warunków środowiska pracy, w tym organizacji pracy i relacji międzyludzkich. Środowisko pracy jest istotnym obszarem rozwoju zawodowego i społecznego człowieka, ale może też stanowić źródło wielu problemów, co w konsekwencji powoduje niepotrzebne napięcia i negatywne zachowania oraz obniża kulturę pracy. Celem podjętych rozważań jest zwrócenie uwagi na zagadnienie humanizacji pracy i miejsce człowieka w procesie pracy. Artykuł prezentuje analizę treści dotyczących środowiska pracy i jego elementów, relacji interpersonalnych w miejscu pracy oraz edukacyjnych oddziaływań środowiska pracy.
EN
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between personal resources (hope for success and spiritual well-being) and flexibility in coping with stress in cardiac patients and to check whether personal resources and duration of the disease are predictors of flexibility in coping with stress in this group. The participants of the study were 120 cardiac patients (72 men and 48 women) aged 29–75. The study used the Questionnaire of Hope for Success (KNS), the Indicator of Spiritual Well-Being and the Questionnaire of flexibility in coping with stress (KERS-14). The results show that there is a statistically significant relationship between personal resources and flexibility in coping. Each of the personal resources (hope for success and spiritual well-being) positively correlates with each of the dimensions of flexible coping. The analysis showed that personal resources play a predictive role for flexibility in coping with stress.
PL
Celem niniejszego badania była analiza związku między zasobami osobistymi (nadzieją na sukces i dobrostanem duchowym) a elastycznością w radzeniu sobie ze stresem u pacjentów chorych kardiologicznie oraz sprawdzenie, czy zasoby osobiste i czas trwania choroby są predyktorami elastyczności w radzeniu sobie ze stresem w tej grupie. Uczestnikami badania było 120 pacjentów kardiologicznych (72 mężczyzn i 48 kobiet) w wieku 29–75 lat. W badaniu wykorzystano Kwestionariusz Nadziei na Sukces (KNS), Wskaźnik Duchowego Dobrostanu oraz Kwestionariusz elastyczności w radzeniu sobie ze stresem (KERS-14). Wyniki pokazują, że występuje istotny statystycznie związek między zasobami osobistymi a elastycznością w radzeniu sobie. Każdy z zasobów osobistych (nadzieja na sukces i dobrostan duchowy) pozytywnie koreluje z każdym wymiarem elastycznego radzenia sobie. Analiza wykazała, że zasoby osobiste odgrywają rolę predykcyjną dla elastyczności w radzeniu sobie ze stresem.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę ukazania źródeł i sposobów rozumienia prężności osobowości na gruncie psychologii. W pierwszej kolejności prezentowane są różne koncepcje prężności. W dalszej kolejności zostaje wprowadzone rozróżnienie pojęcia prężności na cechę i proces. W kolejnej części dokonana jest charakterystyka osoby prężnej. Ostatnia część ukazuje rolę prężności jako zasobu w kontekście radzenia sobie.
EN
This article is an attempt to show the sources and ways of understanding resiliency in the field of psychology. Firstly there are shown various approaches of understanding resiliency. Subsequently paper presents a distinction between resiliency (as a personality trait) and resilience (as a process). Following part gives a description of a resilient personality. Finally resiliency is shown as a resource for coping.
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