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EN
Concerning artistic research, the state of affairs is still one of delusions and confusions. The reason for this is the pluralization and dedifferentiation of rationality pushed forward by the postmodern period. The way out of it is the way of differentiations. Thus, it seems helpful, first, to remember what we already have in philosophical aesthetics, namely four basic models of art and knowledge. The question, then, is whether artistic research fits into (one of) these models. To my mind, it does – though in a new way. Secondly, it is helpful to have a short sober sociological look at the situation. Finally, we have to ask the question about the kind of research that is at stake in artistic research. Here, the meaning of non-propositional knowledge and Kant’s idea of an as-if-knowledge is useful. All in all, artistic research still fails in giving a sufficient explanation of itself.
EN
The article discusses fundamental aesthetic stances which Tove Jansson has adopted in her Moomin books, traditionally perceived as children’s literature. Nevertheless, the series is notably multi-addressed, and analyses of numerous scenes allow us to draw conclusions about the author’s own concepts of beauty and art, which are accessible to more experienced readers. As the study shows, Jansson’s approach does not correspond to one specific theory but rather inclines to perceptualism, emotionalism and hedonism. Furthermore, the article discusses the reflections on the act of artistic creation which the artist interwove predominantly into the characterization of Moominmamma and Moominpappa. In the traits of these two key characters she addressed aspects of her own two artistic domains, painting and writing. However, taking a stand on serious philosophical matters, she managed to retain an evident child-oriented address, demonstrating her unique mastery of double address.
EN
Evolutionary aesthetics attempts to explain the human ability to perceive objects, conspecif ics and the surrounding environment in an a es thetic manner - i.e. in an emotional and evaluative way resulting in a positive or negative appraisal - by referring to the evolutionary history of our functional, cognitive make-up. Research has mostly focussed on aesthetic considerat ions made during landscape assessment and on the role of aesthetic elements during mate choice. Criticism has been expressed repeatedly as to the naturalistic, presumed to be reductionist methods and outlook of an evolutionary approach to aesthetics. This paper briefly reviews the outline of evolutionary aesthetics research and discusses three such critiques - functionality in beauty judgement, reductionism, and the recognition of cultural and interindividual differences. It argues that philosophical aesthetics is not in danger of being unjustly reduced to a neurobiological explanation of aesthetic judgement and experience, and that evolutionary and traditional humanities approaches can be complementary in understanding our sense of beauty.
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