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Pojetí výslovnosti v českých výkladových slovnících (výzva k diskusi)

100%
Štěpánová V.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2013
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vol. 74
|
issue 4
279-298
EN
The article deals with conceptions used for the purpose of determining and presenting pronunciation forms in the entries of Czech monolingual dictionaries. This topic is currently of increasing importance, as a new dictionary is being developed at the Institute of the Czech Language. Data from commonly available dictionaries have shown that the conception in use is far from unified, and the approach chosen by the individual manuals is not always upheld; moreover, it is often considerably obscure and inappropriate (e.g. the transcription of foreign loan words with the combination of i + vowel). From the point of view of transcription, problematic phenomena include the sound [x], voiced affricates, terminal consonants, the groups di, ti and ni, the glottal stop, or recording of stress. The main aim of the text is not to determine definitive unambiguous rules (though many such rules are outlined), but rather, to initiate a broader discussion concerning suitable types of transcription, methods of gathering the necessary data, and the general approach used for the transcription of orthographic doublets.
2
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The implications and purpose of using international phonetic symbols and English advertising slogans in advertisements in Poland

100%
Dziczek-Karlikowska H.
Scripta Neophilologica Posnaniensia
|
2018
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issue 18
151-163
PL
This paper examines the various implications resulting from the use of English phonetic transcription in advertising in Poland. I focus on the problem of the use of phonetic transcription by copywriters as a graphic form and I make an attempt at showing that this technique can have pedagogical consequences, because a graphic form in which phonetic symbols are used is, in fact, a text message, not an image only. In addition, I analyze selected advertisements as a means of communication addressed to a specific recipient. In this case, I demonstrate that the use of advertising slogans in English and English phonetic transcription in Poland, does not guarantee that such advertising is effective.
3
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Voicing Contrast Disorders. Acoustic and Auditory Analysis

100%
Lorenc A.
Logopedia
|
2012
|
vol. 41 EN
69-87
EN
The article deals with the issue of voicing implementation in the speech of normally hearingand hearing impaired individuals from the perspective of speech-language pathology, phonetics and phonology. The research is based on data acquired in an experiment employing acoustic phonetic methodology in the form of voice onset time (VOT) measurements in plosives as well as auditory analysis and transcription of the recorded material performed by specialists. The paper presents a novel typology of voicing disorders and a comparative analysis of objective acoustic measurements and subjective auditory impressions. The final part of the article is devoted to a discussion on a selection of voicing disorder-related claims available in relevant literature and a new interpretation of the matter.
4
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O potrzebie monografii (użycia) IPA

88%
Rybka P.
LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa
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2013
|
issue 15
15-25
EN
The article provides the rationale for a forthcoming monograph on the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. The study presents the arguments in the form of questions, and answers them at length. The questions fall into three groups: phonetic, graphical and practical issues. From the last category, the problem of selecting an appropriate font and a way to conveniently use it can be mentioned. The phonetic issues that need to be explained in the context of an international transcription include: transcription of Polish sounds normally described as prepalatal, dental, and alveolar, as well as the value of phonation, and alaryngeal speech symbols. Graphic problems include such issues as: means of transcribing archiphonemes, asynchronous and polysegmental articulations, lowered variants of Polish phonemes /m/ and /n/, and others. The paper also mentions typographical matters, such as italic variants of phonetic symbols and small capitals. The article concludes with an overview of the possible audience of the planned monograph, and an enumeration of reasons for a compilation of a study containing answers to the above-mentioned questions.
5
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Wstęp do fonetyki i fonologii języka szwedzkiego nareszcie w języku polskim

75%
Jarosz J.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2021
|
issue 20
407-414
EN
The first publication of an academic textbook has always been an important event for teachers at universities for two reasons. Every new title is a help in the case of a lack of textbooks, and a well-designed and solidly edited didactic aid – as didactic practice shows – can serve well for many generations for decades. This article discusses the first Polish textbook on Swedish phonetics and phonology with regard to its content and the methodological solutions used. The results of the analysis can be helpful for anyone interested in making a purchase decision. The criteria of analysis include the following aspects in the field of philological competence: 1) selection and scope of the problem, which should provide a theoretical orientation in the questions of general and Swedish phonetics and phonology; 2) the typology and objective of the exercises, which should help to achieve certain skills in the field of pronunciation and phonetic transcription; 3) content components that enable the acquisition of social skills; 4) Didactic strategies and forms of teaching the linguistic knowledge and skills for students in the first year of study. In the discussion, the advantages of the book were emphasized and the deficiencies found were commented on so that teachers can easily compensate for them. Despite some weaknesses, the book represents an optimal combination of the analyzed characteristics and can be used as a useful textbook in academic didactic practice. The textbook is especially recommended to all students of Scandinavian and Neophilological Studies.
6
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Недостатки и достоинства разных систем транскрипции при записи говора старообрядцев в Польше

75%
Яскульски [Jaskólski] А. A.
Acta Baltico-Slavica
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2015
|
vol. 39
EN
Advantages and disadvantages of different types of phonetic transcription for notation of the dialect of Old Believers in Poland The author presents the problems associated with the phonetic representation of the dialect of the Old Believers in Poland in the conditions of bilingualism. The Old Believers’ Russian dialect is has been under influence of the Polish language for over a century. On the phonetic level the main expressions of interference are: pronunciation of palatal consonants [ś], [ź], [ć], [ʒ́], [ń] instead of Russian soft coronal conso­nants [s’], [z’], [t’], [d’], [n’] as well as pronunciation of the labial glide [w] instead of Russian velarized lateral consonant [ł]. In the conditions of bilingualism using only a Russian phonetic transcription seems to be insufficient, since it does not include signs for notation sounds which turned up in the Russian dialect under the influence of Polish phonetics. With reference to the mentioned above one should use a more universal transcription system. Since in the studied dialect numerous elements of two languages are coexisting and both of them are Slavonic languages, the author proposes the use of Slavonic transcription system for notation of Polish Old Believers’ speech. Wady i zalety różnych systemów transkrypcji przy zapisie fonetycznym gwary polskich staroobrzędowców W artykule autor przedstawia problemy związane z zapisem fonetycznym gwary polskich staroobrzędowców w warunkach dwujęzyczności, a także proponuje sposoby ich rozwiązania. Rosyjska gwara polskich staroobrzędowców podlega stałemu wpływowi języka polskiego. Głównymi przejawami interferencji na poziomie fonetycznym jest wymowa spółgłosek palatalnych [ś], [ź], [ć], [ʒ́], [ń] na miejscu rosyjskich miękkich przedniojęzykowych spółgłosek [s’], [z’], [t’], [d’], [n’], a także wymowa glajdu wargowego [w] zamiast rosyjskiej welaryzowanej spółgłoski lateralnej [ł]. W warunkach dwujęzyczności niewystarczającym wydaje się użycie tylko rosyjskiego systemu transkrypcji, ponieważ brakuje w nim znaków do oznaczenia dźwięków, które pojawiły się w gwarze polskich staroobrzędowców pod wpływem polskiej fonetyki. W związku z powyższym powinien być użyty bardziej uniwersalny system transkrypcji lub system mieszany, wykorzystujący znaki różnych alfabetów fonetycznych. Ponieważ w badanej gwarze współistnieją liczne elementy dwóch języków i obydwa te języki są słowiańskie, do jej zapisu fonetycznego optymalny wydaje się slawistyczny system transkrypcji.
7
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Недостатки и достоинства разных систем транскрипции при записи говора старообрядцев в Польше

75%
Яскульски [Jaskólski] А. A.
Acta Baltico-Slavica
|
2015
|
vol. 39
174-185
EN
The author presents the problems associated with the phonetic representation of the dialect of the Old Believers in Poland in the conditions of bilingualism. The Old Believers’ Russian dialect is has been under influence of the Polish language for over a century. On the phonetic level the main expressions of interference are: pronunciation of palatal consonants [ś], [ź], [ć], [ʒ́], [ń] instead of Russian soft coronal conso­nants [s’], [z’], [t’], [d’], [n’] as well as pronunciation of the labial glide [w] instead of Russian velarized lateral consonant [ł]. In the conditions of bilingualism using only a Russian phonetic transcription seems to be insufficient, since it does not include signs for notation sounds which turned up in the Russian dialect under the influence of Polish phonetics. With reference to the mentioned above one should use a more universal transcription system. Since in the studied dialect numerous elements of two languages are coexisting and both of them are Slavonic languages, the author proposes the use of Slavonic transcription system for notation of Polish Old Believers’ speech.
PL
W artykule autor przedstawia problemy związane z zapisem fonetycznym gwary polskich staroobrzędowców w warunkach dwujęzyczności, a także proponuje sposoby ich rozwiązania. Rosyjska gwara polskich staroobrzędowców podlega stałemu wpływowi języka polskiego. Głównymi przejawami interferencji na poziomie fonetycznym jest wymowa spółgłosek palatalnych [ś], [ź], [ć], [ʒ́], [ń] na miejscu rosyjskich miękkich przedniojęzykowych spółgłosek [s’], [z’], [t’], [d’], [n’], a także wymowa glajdu wargowego [w] zamiast rosyjskiej welaryzowanej spółgłoski lateralnej [ł]. W warunkach dwujęzyczności niewystarczającym wydaje się użycie tylko rosyjskiego systemu transkrypcji, ponieważ brakuje w nim znaków do oznaczenia dźwięków, które pojawiły się w gwarze polskich staroobrzędowców pod wpływem polskiej fonetyki. W związku z powyższym powinien być użyty bardziej uniwersalny system transkrypcji lub system mieszany, wykorzystujący znaki różnych alfabetów fonetycznych. Ponieważ w badanej gwarze współistnieją liczne elementy dwóch języków i obydwa te języki są słowiańskie, do jej zapisu fonetycznego optymalny wydaje się slawistyczny system transkrypcji.
8
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Zaburzenia dźwięczności. Analiza akustyczna i audytywna

63%
Lorenc A.
Logopedia
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2012
|
vol. 41
71-91
PL
W artykule podjęto temat realizacji dźwięczności w normie i w przypadkach uszkodzeń słuchu, prezentując go w świetle istniejącego stanu badań z zakresu logopedii, fonetyki i fonologii, jak również przedstawiając wyniki badań własnych. Eksperyment przeprowadzono w oparciu o metodologię fonetyki akustycznej – wykonując pomiar czasu rozpoczęcia dźwięczności (VOT) spółgłosek zwarto-wybuchowych i audytywnej – dokonując eksperckiej oceny transkrybentów. Zaproponowano typologię zaburzeń dźwięczności, porównano również zgodność obiektywnej analizy akustycznej i subiektywnej oceny słuchowej. W ostatniej części artykułu podjęto dyskusję z wybranymi ustaleniami na temat zaburzeń dźwięczności prezentowanymi w literaturze logopedycznej oraz przedstawiono własną propozycję interpretacji problemu.
EN
The article deals with the issue of voicing implementation in the speech of normally hearing and hearing impaired individuals from the perspective of speech-language pathology, phonetics and phonology. The research is based on data acquired in an experiment employing acoustic phonetic methodology in the form of voice onset time (VOT) measurements in plosives as well as auditory analysis and transcription of the recorded material performed by specialists. The paper presents a novel typology of voicing disorders and a comparative analysis of objective acoustic measurements and subjective auditory impressions. The final part of the article is devoted to a discussion on a selection of voicing disorder-related claims available in relevant literature and a new interpretation of the matter.
9

Writing systems as modular objects: proposals for theory design in grapholinguistics

63%
Neef M.
Open Linguistics
|
2014
|
vol. 1
|
issue 1
EN
This paper gives an outline of the Modular Theory of Writing Systems by answering the question: what are the elements or modules that are necessary for a writing system to work? A writing system is a notational system for a natural language. Based on this characterization, it is obvious that a necessary component of a writing system is a specific language system. What eventually constitutes a writing system in addition to this language system is a device that, put simply, relates units of a language system to units of a script. This component is termed ‘graphematics’ in the present framework and is regarded as a necessary module of a writing system. Above that, another typical component of writing systems, namely ‘systematic orthography’, applies to the ‘graphematic solution space’ and restricts the spelling possibilities of specific words in accordance to their belonging to a specific level of the vocabulary of the language. Supplemented by reflections on the status of scripts as well as of IPA as a writing system, an answer is finally given to the pertinent question how spoken language and written language are related to each other. The answer is that this relation is of a considerably indirect nature.
10
Content available remote

O potrzebie monografii (użycia) IPA

63%
Rybka P.
LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa
|
2013
|
issue 1(15)
15-25
EN
The article provides the rationale for a forthcoming monograph on the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. The study presents the arguments in the form of questions, and answers them at length. The questions fall into three groups: phonetic, graphical and practical issues. From the last category, the problem of selecting an appropriate font and a way to conveniently use it can be mentioned. The phonetic issues that need to be explained in the context of an international transcription include: transcription of Polish sounds normally described as prepalatal, dental, and alveolar, as well as the value of phonation, and alaryngeal speech symbols. Graphic problems include such issues as: means of transcribing archiphonemes, asynchronous and polysegmental articulations, lowered variants of Polish phonemes /m/ and /n/, and others. The paper also mentions typographical matters, such as italic variants of phonetic symbols and small capitals. The article concludes with an overview of the possible audience of the planned monograph, and an enumeration of reasons for a compilation of a study containing answers to the above-mentioned questions.
11
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Content available

O zapisach fonetycznych polskiej i słowiańskiej mowy ludowej i potocznej

51%
Lewaszkiewicz T.
Gwary Dziś
|
2017
|
vol. 9
183-198
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