Search results

1

The Vowel System of Podhale Goralian

100%

Rubach J., Łuszczek T.

Research in Language

|

2019

|

vol. 17

|

issue 2

105-126

EN

This paper is a report on the phonological research done in the past two years investigating Podhale Goralian. The data are drawn from our informants in Dzianisz. The paper establishes the system of surface contrasts in Goralian and identifies instances of complementary distribution. It is claimed that the renowned Podhale Archaism is no longer represented by the vowel [i]. Rather, the vowel has retracted to the central vowel [ɨ]. The original [ɨ], on the other hand, has lowered and fronted and is now best regarded as tense [e]. These transitions of vowels pose challenges for a phonological analysis. A sample of such analysis (Final Tensing) is shown in the framework of Optimality Theory.

2

Rhythm and Vowel Quality in Accents of English

100%

Schwartz G.

Research in Language

|

2010

|

vol. 8

135-147

EN

This paper will examine rhythmic differences among native and non-native accents of English, and report on a pilot experiment investigating a hypothesized interaction between rhythm and vowel quality. A new metric, % SteadyState, an acoustic measure that quantifies the purity of vowels, appears to capture rhythmic differences that have been reported among various native and non-native accents of English. In the tradition of other recently developed rhythm metrics, these findings suggest a link between rhythm and segmental phonology. Additionally, the perspective gained from this study may be beneficial to learners whose goal is native-like vowel quality, offering an understanding of the dynamic properties of English vowels.

3

Kilka uwag na temat stutusu fonologicznego kontynuantów *[kj, gj] w starszej i współczesnej kaszubszczyźnie centralnej

100%

Jocz L.

Linguistica Copernicana

|

2012

|

issue 2(8)

117-126

EN

The aim of the present paper is to establish, if the reflexes of *[kj, gj] in Central Kashubian (previously ʨ,ʥ], today [ʧ,ʤ] can be interpreted as allophones of /k,g/ betofe front vowels. This widespread hypothesis is supported by some very regular alternations. It is shown that the previously postulated phonological rule is not acceptable. There still exist some cases, where /k,g/ do not undergo palatalization and assibilation before front vowels, and for which no convincing additional rules can be established ) before the final -em, before the suffix -iw(a)-, in the equivalent of the Polish lexeme giąć, in some loanwords, which cannot be recognized as a result of codeswitching). In this case one hat to accept the existence of distinct phonemes /ʨ,ʥ/. In contemporary Central Kashubian the reflexes of *[kj, gj] underwent coalescence with these of *[ʧ,ʤ]. The latter do not show any significant distributive restrictions, and the mentioned phonological problem is in this case virtually irrelevant for the description of the contemporary stage of the language.

4

Remarques Comparatives Sur Le Consonantisme Entre Le Bidiya Et Le Dangaléat

100%

Alio K.

Lingua Posnaniensis

|

2009

|

vol. 51

|

issue 1

7-18

5

Rhythm is in the mind of the beholder. Remarks on the nature of linguistic rhythm

100%

Mołczanow J., Wiese R.

Linguistica Copernicana

|

2014

|

issue 11

169-182

EN

The aim of the present article is to provide a review and a critical assessment of current approaches to linguistic rhythm. At the perceptual level, languages are perceived to fall into three rhythmic groups: stress-timed, syllable-timed, and mora-timed. In stress-timed languages, stressed syllables are thought to occur at regular intervals of time, whereas in syllable-timed and mora-timed languages, syllables and moras are isochronous. Though numerous phonetic studies failed to confirm the objective existence of isochrony, there is ample evidence that rhythm plays a central role in language processing and that different languages have different underlying rhythmic structure. We argue that phonetically-based models which treat rhythm as an emergent property are insufficient to account for cross-linguistic variation and that the intuitive notion of rhythm should be explicitly modelled by drawing upon the concepts of a phonological theory.

6

Rhythm and Vowel Quality in Accents of English

100%

Schwartz G.

Research in Language

|

2010

|

vol. 8

1-13

EN

In a sample of 27 speakers of Scottish Standard English two notoriously variable consonantal features are investigated: the contrast of /m/ and /w/ and non-prevocalic /r/, the latter both in terms of its presence or absence and the phonetic form it takes, if present. The pattern of realisation of non-prevocalic /r/ largely confirms previously reported findings. But there are a number of surprising results regarding the merger of /m/ and /w/ and the loss of non-prevocalic /r/: While the former is more likely to happen in younger speakers and females, the latter seems more likely in older speakers and males. This is suggestive of change in progress leading to a loss of the /m/ - /w/ contrast, while the variation found in non-prevocalic /r/ follows an almost inverse sociolinguistic pattern that does not suggest any such change and is additionally largely explicable in language-internal terms. One phenomenon requiring further investigation is the curious effect direct contact with Southern English accents seems to have on non-prevocalic /r/: innovation on the structural level (i.e. loss) and conservatism on the realisational level (i.e. increased incidence of [r] and [r]) appear to be conditioned by the same sociolinguistic factors.

7

The Sounds of Europe

100%

Stolz T., Urdze A., Otsuka H.

Lingua Posnaniensis

|

2011

|

vol. 53

|

issue 1

87-108

EN

This article is meant to demonstrate not only that it is possible technically but that it also makes sense linguistically to study phonological phenomena in a pan-European perspective. To prove our point, we employ the current comparative methodology associated with the framework of typologically-inspired areal linguistics. The data are evaluated quantitatively. We focus on the classes of velar and post-velar fricatives with phoneme status. Our investigation is based empirically on data drawn from a sample of 157 contemporary varieties spoken in Europe. Our results are indicative of a non-random distribution of the above classes of phonemes. Genetic, typological and areal factors are discussed as potential explanations of the observed geo-linguistic distribution of velar and post-velar fricatives on European soil. The general conclusion we draw is that it is high time to develop a research program which is dedicated to the continent-wide in-depth study of the phonological make-up of Europe.

8

L'assimilation vocalique régressive en bamanankan: de différents cas

100%

Diallo M.

Lingua Posnaniensis

|

2010

|

vol. 52

|

issue 1

15-38

9

Japanese /r/ is not feature-less: A rejoinder to Labrune (2014)

100%

Kawahara S.

Open Linguistics

|

2014

|

vol. 1

|

issue 1

EN

Labrune (2014) argues that Japanese /r/ is structurally empty. This reply points out that the phonological characteristics of /r/ which are discussed by Labrune (2014) come with many systematic exceptions, and hence they are better modeled by violable constraints. To illustrate how violable constraints accommodate such systematic exceptions, alternative analyses based onOptimality Theory (Prince&Smolensky, 2004) are presented. This reply also points out that the three constraints on /r/ that are discussed by Labrune (2014) are in fact not specific to /r/, and therefore, motivating structural emptiness based on these patterns would face a problem of not being able to distinguish /r/ from other segments. Based on these considerations, this reply concludes that /r/ (and other segments) in Japanese should have segmental contents.

10

Phonologie / Phonetik / Phonodidaktik – zu den Prinzipien der Ausspracheschulung aus philologischer Sicht

100%

Tworek A.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

|

2019

|

issue 16

353-363

EN

The philological pronunciation training is based on scientific knowledge from the field of phonology and phonetics, which are then worked out in the so-called phonodidactics. However, it is not uncommon for phonological approaches to be hardly applicable in foreign language didactics. In this context, the well-known theory of distinctive features is a prime example. In this article, principles are formulated that optimize the effectiveness of foreign language didactic phonetics.

11

Phonology as Human Behaviour: Clinical Phonetics, Phonology and Prosody

100%

Tobin Y.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

|

2009

|

vol. 45

|

issue 2

327-352

EN

This paper introduces the theory of Phonology as Human Behaviour (PHB); summarises the basic theoretical and methodological tenets of the theory and shows how it has been applied to clinical phonetics, phonology and prosody. The theory of PHB, developed by William Diver and his students of the Columbia School, combines aspects of the "communication factor" inherent in Prague School phonology with aspects of the "human factor" inherent in André Martinet's functional diachronic phonology. The major parameters of the theory are presented according to the Saussurean-based semiotic definition of language as a sign system used by human beings to communicate. The fundamental axiom underlying the theory is that language represents a compromise in the struggle to achieve maximum communication with minimal effort. The major contribution of the theory is that it provides a motivation to explain the non-random distribution of phonemes within the speech signal in language in general and in typical and atypical speech in particular.

12

Powojenne osiągnięcia polskiej slawistyki w dziedzinie fonetyki i fonologii

100%

Sawicka I., Trawińska A.

Rocznik Slawistyczny

|

2013

|

vol. 62

55-76

EN

The article presents the main achievements of Polish slavicists in the field of phonetics and phonology, on the synchronic as well as diachronic levels, including works on Polish phonetics and phonology.

13

Problem un ou deux phonèmes? w języku polskim

100%

Wągiel M.

Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

|

2016

|

vol. 51

EN

The un ou deux phonèmes? problem in PolishThe paper deals with the so-called un ou deux phonèmes? problem in Modern Polish. The framework adopted by the author is the theory and methodology of Axiomatic Functionalism, i.e., a functional semiotic approach developed by Jan W. F. Mulder in association with Sándor G. J. Hervey which is mainly based on linguistic ideas of André Martinet. The analysis focuses on the phonological interpretation of sequences of palatalized labials and [j], nasal diphthongs, and affricates in Polish. The author argues that nasal diphthongs and palatal and retroflex affricates should be interpreted monophonematically, whereas it is both adequate and economical to interpret sequences of palatalized labials and [j] and alveolar affricates as realizations of sequences of two separate phonemes. Problem un ou deux phonèmes? w języku polskimNiniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest tzw. problemowi un ou deux phonèmes? we współczesnej polszczyźnie. Aparatem pojęciowym wykorzystanym przez autora jest teoria i metodologia funkcjonalizmu aksjomatycznego, tj. funkcjonalnego opisu semiotycznego opracowanego przez Jana W. F. Muldera we współpracy z Sándorem G. J. Herveyem, który bazuje na koncepcjach lingwistycznych André Martineta. Analiza skupia się na interpretacji fonologicznej sekwencji spalatalizowanych spółgłosek labialnych oraz [j], dyftongów nazalnych, a także afrykat w języku polskim. Autor argumentuje, że dyftongi nazalne oraz afrykaty palatalne i retrofleksyjne powinny być interpretowane monofonemicznie, natomiast interpretacja sekwencji spalatalizowanych spółgłosek labialnych i [j] oraz afrykat alweolarnych jako realizacji sekwencji dwóch niezależnych fonemów jest zarówno adekwatna, jak i ekonomiczna.

14

Who needs a nucleus? Tashlhiyt Berber syllabification within the onset prominence representational environment

88%

Schwartz G.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

|

2015

|

vol. 51

|

issue 2

247-290

EN

This paper presents an analysis of Tashlhiyt Berber syllabification in the Onset Promi-nence (OP) representational framework. With a structural perspective on manner of articulation, OP captures the apparent role of sonority in TB syllabification. It is shown, however, that this does not entail the assignment of "peak" status to the most sonorous available segments in a given string. Sonority based "peak" assignment cannot account for the ambiguous behavior exhibited by syllables in with the "peak" is less sonorous than its "onset", and makes infelicitous predictions with regard to the behavior of "onsetless" syllables. By contrast, the OP environment provides mechanisms in which such ambiguities fall out from more general principles of constituent formation.

15

Semito-Hamitic or Afro-Asiatic consonantism and lexicon: Episodes of a comparative research I (Part 2: Marcel Cohen’s Essai comparatif)

88%

Takács G.

Lingua Posnaniensis

|

2022

|

vol. 64

|

issue 2

177-209

EN

A retrospective account on past comparative research on Afro-Asiatic (AA) or Semito-Hamitic / Hamito-Semitic (SH / HS, resp.) phonology (first of all consonantism, also root structure) and lexicon, segmented into episodes according to diverse (often overlapping in time) trends is now under way and will be presented part by part in a series of papers. The present paper contains the first ever direction of this research, labelled “Semito-Hamitology” covering studies seeking, in their conception, the “African”, i.e. “Hamitic” kinship of Semitic.

16

Analyse morphologique automatique du tchèque, mais où est le dictionnaire ?

88%

Pognan P.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

|

2020

|

vol. 9

155-169

EN

Presented here is a system for an automatic analysis of Czech morphology mainly based on pattern recognition of linguistic forms according to the linguistic Prague school’s paradigm “form – value.” Taking into account the text and the context allows for the processing of “big data.” This system is based on the concept of calculability. Czech has a very high degree of calculability thanks to a very favorable phonological evolution. Furthermore, the correspondence between what is said and what is written is exact. The experience drawn from this work made it possible to design a grammar course taught for several decades to the satisfaction of the learners. However, the feasibility of this analysis would be demonstrated at best by making entries to a Czech general dictionary.

17

Semito-Hamitic or Afro-Asiatic consonantism and lexicon: Episodes of a comparative research I (Part 1: The long century of Semito-Hamitology until the middle of the 20th century)

88%

Takács G.

Lingua Posnaniensis

|

2022

|

vol. 64

|

issue 1

135-173

EN

A retrospective account on past comparative research on Afro-Asiatic (AA) or Semito-Hamitic / Hamito-Semitic (SH/HS, resp.) phonology (first of all consonantism, also root structure) and lexicon, segmented into episodes according to diverse trends (often overlapping in time) is now under way and will be presented part by part in a series of papers. The present paper contains the first ever direction of this research, labelled “Semito-Hamitology” covering studies seeking, in their conception, the “African”, i.e. “Hamitic” kinship of Semitic, without a permanent communis opinio over the whole century of this ‘trend’ (better: amalgamate era) regarding the limits of the family.

18

Phonology in the Speech Signal - Unifying cue and Prosodic Licensing

88%

Schwartz G.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

|

2010

|

vol. 46

|

issue 4

499-518

EN

This paper is offered in commemoration of Prof. Edmund Gussmann, who passed away sadly and unexpectedly just a few short weeks before the 41st Poznań Linguistic Meeting, where the paper was presented. The PLM session, Competing Explanations in Phonology, was the type of gathering at which Prof. Gussmann would thrive, advancing his strong theoretical position that phonetics is irrelevant for phonological theory (Gussmann 2004). Prof. Gussmann argued for this view in an animated and sometimes provocative manner, but he always did so with charm and good nature. My own views on the role of speech in phonology differ sharply from Prof. Gussmann's. I am nevertheless quite grateful for his perspective, which has indeed changed the way I think of speech. Under the influence of Government Phonology, I have adopted a phonological view of the acoustic signal, which seeks to challenge phoneticians with new hypotheses about the way speech interacts with grammar. This paper explicates this perspective, and applies it to a recent case, cue vs. prosodic licensing, in which "phonetic" and "phonological" explanations seemed to be at an impasse. Thanks in part to Prof. Gussmann's strong theoretical position, I have developed a new theory of constituency that offers a vehicle with which we may reconcile competing views on the underpinnings of phonological licensing.

19

Exploring L1 Transfer in German Learners of English: High Front Vowels, High Back Vowels and the BED/BAD Distinction

88%

Kautzsch A.

Research in Language

|

2010

|

vol. 8

63-84

EN

Since the vowel systems of German and English are similar to some extent, German learners of English can be expected to transfer a considerable part of their German vowels to their L2 English. This paper traces the extent and source of positive and negative L1 transfer in two groups of university students from different German L1 backgrounds. To this end, acoustical analyses of three areas of vowel space are provided: high front vowels, high back vowels and mid/low front vowels. While positive transfer widely persists with high front vowels, learners refrain from consistently transferring high back vowels, probably owing to variability both in L1 German and in L2 English. In the case of mid/low front vowels negative transfer is reduced due to exposure to native English, and even more so due to formal instruction, which appears to accelerate the acquisition process

20

LES PIÈGES DE L’ÉTYMOLOGIE : LES DIFFICULTÉS DES FRANCOPHONES AU COURS DE L’APPRENTISSAGE DU LATIN

88%

Őrsi T.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

|

2009

|

vol. 1

89-100

EN

The fact is generally acknowledged that, based on the genetic relation between French and Latin, knowing one facilitates greatly learning the other. Therefore, if we start learning Latin after we learned French, we expect a rapid progress, but we are faced with a number of difficulties when trying to learn Latin, due to the fact that the two languages belong to different linguistic systems as far as their morphology is concerned. It is true that most of the French vocabulary comes from Latin, but the phonetic changes that have occurred along the centuries made it difficult for us to recognize easily the relation between the two linguistic systems. Apart from the phonetic changes, there are also important semantic changes; what this paper will underline is the frequent dissonance between the French and Latin vocabulary.

Refine search results

The Vowel System of Podhale Goralian

Rhythm and Vowel Quality in Accents of English

Kilka uwag na temat stutusu fonologicznego kontynuantów *[kj, gj] w starszej i współczesnej kaszubszczyźnie centralnej

Remarques Comparatives Sur Le Consonantisme Entre Le Bidiya Et Le Dangaléat

Rhythm is in the mind of the beholder. Remarks on the nature of linguistic rhythm

Rhythm and Vowel Quality in Accents of English

The Sounds of Europe

L'assimilation vocalique régressive en bamanankan: de différents cas

Japanese /r/ is not feature-less: A rejoinder to Labrune (2014)

Phonologie / Phonetik / Phonodidaktik – zu den Prinzipien der Ausspracheschulung aus philologischer Sicht

Phonology as Human Behaviour: Clinical Phonetics, Phonology and Prosody

Powojenne osiągnięcia polskiej slawistyki w dziedzinie fonetyki i fonologii

Problem un ou deux phonèmes? w języku polskim

Who needs a nucleus? Tashlhiyt Berber syllabification within the onset prominence representational environment

Semito-Hamitic or Afro-Asiatic consonantism and lexicon: Episodes of a comparative research I (Part 2: Marcel Cohen’s Essai comparatif)

Analyse morphologique automatique du tchèque, mais où est le dictionnaire ?

Semito-Hamitic or Afro-Asiatic consonantism and lexicon: Episodes of a comparative research I (Part 1: The long century of Semito-Hamitology until the middle of the 20th century)