Search results

1

Experiences of family physicians after a CME ultrasound course

100%

Szwamel K., Polański P., Kurpas D.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2017

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issue 1

62-69

2

Lekarze i firmy farmaceutyczne – standardy etyczne wzajemnych relacji w Unii Europejskiej

100%

Makowska M.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2012

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vol. 15

143-154

EN

Within last twenty years in the European Union much regulation concerning advertisements of drugs changed. The aggressive marketing operations of producers of medicines caused that new solutions, not only legal but also ethical, had appeared. The European Union is imposing reliable solutions upon its members in the form of directives to which they must adapt their law. They can however decide to choose stricter law than the one which is recommended to them. The European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry and Associations – voluntary organization consisting associations of pharmaceutical companies from lots of countries is acting on similar principles. Each of the members belonging to it can implement its own, more restrictive regulation in the national ethical code than a Federation is ordering. Main purpose of this article is reading what legal and ethical solutions of pharmaceutical marketing were accepted in selected countries of the European Union. Whether they are stricter than the ones imposed upon them by European Union? How in this background Polish regulations are looking like? In the article also examples of the law-breaking and ethical principles by producers of medicines in the European Union will be presented. It will show sanctions taken out towards them for this reason. A question will be put: are various penalties able effectively to scare the pharmaceutical industry off the unethical or even unlawful advertising?

3

Etyczne wyzwania współpracy pomiędzy lekarzami a przemysłem farmaceutycznym

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Makowska M.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2011

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vol. 14

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issue 2

4

A practical guide to cryptorchidism for the primary care physician

100%

Lovin J. M., Khater N., Mata J. A.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2019

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issue 1

78-82

XX

Cryptorchidism, also known as undescended testis, affects 3–5% of full term male infants at birth and 23% of preterm or low birth weight infants. Current guidelines recommend that all boys with cryptorchidism without testicular descent by 6 months of age be referred to an appropriate specialist for evaluation, with surgery preferably performed by 18 months. We aim to examine areas of controversy still being debated by reviewing published articles, in order to provide primary providers with a practical guide to diagnosis and management of the undescended testis. Our review examined published articles from 2000 to 2018, related to undescended testes, and their management. 32 articles were reviewed from 2000 to 2018 and showed with a high level of evidence that failure of testicular descent by 6 months of age (gestational) should prompt referral to an appropriate specialist. Physical exam is crucial. The main concerns for patients with cryptorchidism are the increased risk of testicular cancer and sub fertility. Routine use of scrotal ultrasound is not recommended in the evaluation of cryptorchidism. Diagnostic laparoscopy serves to confirm the presence of an intra-abdominal testicle. Surgical intervention within 18 months of age is imperative. Cryptorchidism should be corrected surgically between 6 months and 18 months of age. Early detection with diagnostic laparoscopy is the standard of care for treatment of palpable, undescended testis.

5

Recommendations of Polish Society of Physiotherapy, Polish Society of Family Medicine and College of Family Physicians in Poland for hip joint pain in primary health care

100%

Kassolik K., Rajkowska-Labon E., Tomasik T., Pisula-Lewandowska A., Gieremek K., Andrzejewski W., Kurpas D.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2018

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issue 2

183-193

6

Etyka w pracy przedstawiciela medycznego

100%

Makowska M.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2009

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vol. 12

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issue 2

EN

Over the last few years, the pharmaceutical industry intensified marketing activity in Poland. One of the most important ways of promotion are visits by pharmaceutical sales representatives in physicians’ offices. Representatives during those meetings are using different sorts of tactics to manipulate physicians such as: gift-giving, free meals, travel subsidies, “fake” research, ‘white Saturdays’, sponsored teaching and conferences. An ethical ambiguity can be easily find in this work. The paper describes briefly the results of the research concerning the influence of the relationship between physicians with the pharmaceutical companies on prescribing habits which were conducted in other countries. The article presents law regulations and ethical codes present in Poland, but it concentrate on describing the results of 31 in-depth interviews with pharmaceutical sales representatives conducted between the June – November 2007. The main aim of this paper is to show how important are ethical and law standards for the pharmaceutical sales representative. Do they know it? Does companies take care about proper training and information in the area for their employees? Work ethics of the pharmaceutical sales representative is very important, and should be discussed. Drugs are special kind of goods which can influence people health and sometimes even lives so we should pay attention to the ways medicaments are advertise and promote.

7

Emotional intelligence, attachment styles and medical education

100%

Tyszkiewicz-Bandur M., Walkiewicz M., Tartas M., Bankiewicz-Nakielska J.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2017

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issue 4

04-407

8

The family doctor in the jurisprudence of medical disciplinary boards. Analysis of select cases

100%

Wrześniewska-Wal I.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2018

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issue 3

291-295

9

Assessment of the perception of physicians concerning antibiotic use and resistance along with the factors influencing the prescription of antibiotics: a situational analysis from Pakistan

100%

Saleem Z., Mohamed A. H., Hashmi F., Azhar F., Hamna H., Zaheer S., Ur Rehman I.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2019

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issue 2

149-157

EN

Background. Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem worldwide, having a negative influence on patient outcomes. As compared to high and upper middle-income countries, the condition is miserable in low- and middle-income countries, including Pakistan. Objectives. This study aims to assess the perception of physicians concerning antibiotic use and resistance, the factors influencing the prescription of antibiotics and interventions to improve the prescribing behavior in Pakistan. Material and methods. A cross-sectional survey was performed among physicians practicing in different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. A 60-item survey instrument was developed in consultation with a group of experts after a literature review of previous comparable studies. The questionnaire was distributed to physicians practicing in different healthcare settings of Lahore, Pakistan. Results. A total population of 200 physicians filled in the questionnaire, with a response rate of 72.7%. The majority of physicians were younger (n = 124, 62%), with an age group of 23–29 years. Most of the physicians reported that antibiotics are overused nationally (n = 190, 95%). However, they did not always agree that antibiotics are overused in their own institutions. A majority of physicians believed that strong knowledge of antibiotics is important in their career (n = 184, 92%). Of the total, 176 (88%) physicians believed that inappropriate use of antibiotics is professionally unethical. Conclusions. Our findings showed that physicians are well aware of the importance of antibiotic resistance and reported that rational use of antibiotics will aid in resolving this issue. Therefore, the introduction of educational sessions regarding antibiotic use and its resistance and innovative approaches to attract healthcare practitioners’ attention towards antibiotic stewardship programs are urgently needed

10

Etyczne standardy relacji pomiędzy lekarzami a firmami farmaceutycznymi w Stanach Zjednoczonych

100%

Makowska M.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2008

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vol. 11

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issue 2

75-84

EN

This paper attempts an overview on the ethical issues of pharmaceutical industry gift-giving in the United States of America. The article shows that law is not the only way in which the relationship between physicians and pharmaceutical industry can be regulated. Most important professional associations of physicians, pharmacists, residents etc. consider industry gifts as a conflict of interest. They created different ethical guidelines for this complicated issue. The paper demonstrates various solutions of ethical matters in the relationship between physicians and pharmaceutical industry by analyzing codes and guidelines of different associations. On the one hand it shows organizations which allow exchanging of gifts of no value. On the other hand it presents associations that forbid physicians accepting even a pen. The article also shows various attitudes of these associations to situations like inviting physicians to dinner, accepting drug samples, taking subsidies from the company to defray the cost of the conference etc. The problem of those relations has been neglected for long time. From society’s point of view it is important for physicians to be informed about the rules and ways that pharmaceutical companies try to influence physicians’ prescription habits.

11

Emotional Intelligence of Future Physicians Who Tend to Hide Professional Mistakes

100%

Lazurenko O., Smila N.

The New Educational Review

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2021

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vol. 64

283-291

EN

The purpose of the article is to present the results of testing the emotional intelligence of the future physicians who tend to hide professional mistakes. The article is based on the study involving 129 students who are studying in the specialties “Medical business”, “Medical psychology”, “Pediatrics”, “Dentistry” at the medical-psychological, dental and medical faculties of the O.O. Bohomolets National Medical University. During the study, the following methods were used: 1) The Error-Oriented Motivation Scale (EOMS) in order to measure a tendency to hide professional mistakes; 2) The Emotional Intelligence Scale in order to determine the level of emotional intelligence. Statistical processing of the study results was performed using 1) descriptive statistics (percentages, arithmetic means, standard deviations); 2) Student’s T-test to compare the emotional intelligence level in the groups of future physicians with different levels of propensity to hide professional mistakes. The study has found that a significant number of future physicians (53.5%) showed a tendency to hide their professional mistakes. The respondents in this group are characterized with low and medium levels of emotional intelligence compared to future physicians who strive to learn from their mistakes. This study has demonstrated that the vast majority of future physicians believe that professional errors should be hidden, which, in turn, does not contribute to their professional development; the future physicians who tend to hide professional mistakes have low levels of emotional awareness, ability to manage one’s emotions, self-motivation, empathy, ability to manage other people’s emotions. The development of emotional intelligence would apparently contribute to a more conscious attitude of future physicians to professional activities as well as more common-sense attitude to mistakes, and this poses new challenges for medical education to form emotional intelligence of future medical professionals.

12

Factors affecting the decision to change the family physician

88%

Topak N. Y., Demirci H.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2019

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issue 2

174-179

EN

Background. Some studies on the decision of patients to choose their primary healthcare physician demonstrate that the ability to choose their physician is associated with increased patient satisfaction, confidence in the doctor and quality healthcare. Objectives. The study was aimed at evaluating factors effecting the decision to change the family physician. Material and methods. In the study, a questionnaire was used to examine the socio-demographic characteristics of the individuals, and the EUROPEP scale was used to measure the satisfaction with primary health services. Moreover, the Individual Innovativeness Scale was used in order to evaluate the innovativeness of individuals. Results. In people who apply to change their family physician, satisfaction with the previous family physician was found to be 69%. Distance (52.7%), education (25.8%) and gender (16%) were declared as the most important reasons to change the family physician. An individual’s innovation seeking behavior did not affect on their decisions to change the physician. Conclusions. In the present study, patient satisfaction was lower than the results reported in previous studies. Distance, education and gender are at the forefront in family physician preference. Patients prioritize receiving service from trained family physicians. These issues should be taken into account while planning the future of family practice.

13

Rola śledztw dziennikarskich w kreowaniu etycznych standardów marketingu farmaceutycznego

88%

Makowska M.

Prakseologia

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2012

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issue 152

125-144

EN

This article demonstrates that journalists and their publications inﬂuenced the rise of ethical standards of pharmaceutical marketing in Poland. Nowadays media perform a substantial role in creating and changing reality. In this article, investigations of Polish journalists concerning the relation of doctors with medical sales representatives are described. The author analyses Polish pharmaceutical law and existence of the self-regulation of ethical organizations of pharmaceutical companies and of doctors in Poland. It also presents the results of in-depth interviews with medical sales representatives and shows their opinion whether journalistic investigations and other disapproving publications in the media inﬂuenced their work and the functioning of their company. Before reporters started revealing possible reservations about the cooperation of physicians with industry representatives, this subject was largely neglected. Published press reports caused further examinations, and often led to the arrest of persons associated with corruption. It is possible that ﬁrst journalistic, and then prosecutor’s investigations sharpened the the Polish pharmaceutical law of 2007.

14

Disorder and Civilization: The Future(s) of Ukrainian Medicine

88%

Bazylevych M.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2014

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vol. 50

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issue 6

821-838

EN

Post-socialist societies are full of uncertainty, fragmentation, and competing discourses on social justice [Steinberg and Wanner 2008; Zigon 2011]. This article focuses on how Ukrainian physicians envision the future, present, and past of the health-care system and make sense of social change in their professional lives and society more broadly. The Ukrainian healthcare system has remained largely untouched by post-socialist reforms, but it is nevertheless undergoing profound changes. These changes are occurring on the level of everyday practice and are shifting responsibility away from the state and onto the individual. The author traces how physicians navigate the persisting structures of the old system, and what hopes they carry for the present and the future. Post-socialist health care is bursting with competing interests, commitments, and notions of how health-care providers should relate to each other, their patients, administrations, and the state in general. This article therefore draws on physicians’ narratives of the disorder in health care through the interpretive prism of ‘ruination … as a process that weighs on the future and shapes the present’ and that represents a ‘vital reconfi guration’ [Stoler 2008: 194] or crafting of ‘hope’ [Lindquist 2006].

15

Opinia prawna w sprawie dopuszczalności łączenia stanowiska posła z kierowaniem samodzielnym publicznym zakładem opieki zdrowotnej

88%

Sobolewski P.

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

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2015

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issue 4(48)

222-230

EN

Payable medical services and other separate (non-therapeutic) activity of independent public health care institution can be classified as business activity, if they are provided as an organized, ongoing and for-profit activity (Article 4, para. 1 of the Act on Freedom of Economic Activity). Therefore, running by the Deputy of an independent health care institution, carrying out operations with the use of state or municipal property, may violate Article 34 para. 1 of the Act on the Exercise of the Mandate of a Deputy or Senator.

16

Coaching as a method for potentially reducing the risk of burnout in medical professionals

88%

Sułkowska J., Kuźmicz I., Malinowska-Lipień I., Lickiewicz J., Brzostek T., Makara-Studzińska M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2017

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vol. 7(2)

85-92

EN

In their daily work, medical professionals often encounter emotionally and mentally challenging situations, such as sudden health deterioration or death of their patients. The concern to ensure the highest possible level of healthcare and meet all the standards despite the limitations that come with working under the pressure of time, the interactions with other individuals, the physical burden and stress, as well as with the (sometimes limited) support from superiors and lack of satisfaction with salary may, as a result, translate into a higher risk of burnout. Research indicates a potential effectiveness of coaching with respect to medical personnel. However, there are no publications available concerning nurse-oriented coaching, which would be intended to reduce the risk of burnout in this professional group. The objective of this paper is to present coaching as a method that makes it possible to reduce the risk related to burnout in medical professionals.

17

Workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress symptoms among family physicians in Lithuania: An occupation and region specific approach

75%

Malinauskiene V., Einarsen S.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2014

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vol. 27

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issue 6

919-932

EN

Objectives: The study investigated associations between workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress symptoms as compared to and controlled for associations between the latter and other psychosocial stress factors at work and in everyday life. The study employed a representative sample of Lithuanian family physicians, hence investigated a particularly resourceful occupational group in a geographical region earlier found to have a high risk context for exposure to bullying at work. Material and Methods: With a response rate of 89.2%, a total of 323 family physicians filled in an anonymous questionnaire on workplace bullying, post-traumatic symptomatology (IES-R), other psychosocial stressors at work and in everyday life, personal health resources (sense of coherence), behavioral characteristics and demographic variables. The statistical software SPSS 14.0, Windows was used in the analysis. Associations were tested using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: A high prevalence of bullying was found among family physicians in Lithuania, with 13% of them experiencing severe workplace bullying and 17.3% experiencing more occasional incidents of bullying. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms was also high with 15.8% scoring above the standardized cut-off thresholds for post-traumatic stress disorder. The odds ratio (OR) of severe bullying for post-traumatic stress after adjustment for age and gender was 8.05 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 3.80–17.04). In the fully adjusted model it increased to 13.88 (95% CI: 4.68–41.13) indicating cumulative effects of all the investigated stressors. Conclusions: Workplace bullying is particularly prevalent among Lithuanian family physicians, as are the symptoms of post-traumatic distress. Strong associations between post-traumatic stress and exposure to severe bullying indicate that bullying is a significant source of mental health.

18

Lekarze pochodzący spoza państwa zakonnego w Prusach w otoczeniu wielkich mistrzów krzyżackich w XIV i pierwszej połowie XV wieku

75%

Broda M.

Zapiski Historyczne

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2011

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vol. 76

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issue 3

7-36

EN

European rulers from the late Middle Ages frequently used the service of medical doctors from outside the borders of their countries. So did the holders of the supreme offices in the Teutonic Order. The preserved source material confirms the presence of physicians from outside Prussia in Grand Masters’ closest circle in Malbork in the 14th and the first half of the 15th centuries. The first foreign doctor appearing in written records, magister Frugerius, is the first physician in the Teutonic State in Prussia whose existence was confirmed by the source material. He is also the first personal medical doctor of the Grand Master in Malbork appearing in the records. He came from the diocese of Parma in Italy. However, the overwhelming majority of foreign doctors from the closest circle of the Teutonic superiors came from the Holy Roman Empire, such as Konrad von Leithen, Johann von Rode, Johann Rogge, Jacob Schillingholtz, and probably Anton Müttel. One of the physicians recorded in the sources, Meyen, came from the Kingdom of Poland. He was of Jewish origin, so his identity in Prussia was different also in terms of ethnic origin and religion. Nevertheless, the preserved sources do not allow us to define the origin of all the physicians appearing in the records from that period. Johann Craft, physician to Paul von Rusdorf, might have come to the Teutonic State in Prussia from Wrocław, but it cannot be explicitly proved that it was his family town. At the beginning of the 15th century there were two doctors attempting to obtain the position of Konrad von Jungingen’s personal physician – a Johann Theodorus from India and an anonymous doctor the Teutonic prosecutor in Rome tried to bring to Malbork from the Council of Constance. It is hard to state where the latter came from. Bormienes, an Armenian physician, was another foreign doctor to Grand Teutonic Masters, but he seems to exist only in historiography as his presence in the Teutonic State in Prussia was not confirmed by the source material from the period.

19

Factors for and against establishing and working in private practice correlated with work-related behavior and experience patterns of Ferman physicians in Schleswig-Holstein: A 2-year longitudinal study

75%

Voltmer E., Spahn C., Frank E.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2017

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vol. 30

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issue 3

485-498

EN

Objectives To identify factors in favor of or against establishing and working in private practice, to determine the quality of life and work-related behavior and experience patterns of German physicians working in private practice, and to analyze the correlation of those factors. Material and Methods A representative sample of physicians in private practice in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, was surveyed according to a 2-year longitudinal design (T1 – 2008, N = 549 and T2 – 2010, N = 414). The study included 22 items regarding the attractiveness of establishing and working in private practice, and the questionnaires: the Short Form-12 Health Survey (SF-12), and Work-related Behavior and Experience Pattern (Arbeitsbezogenes Verhaltens- und Erlebensmuster – AVEM). Results Job satisfaction among those private practitioners decreased over time but their willingness to choose the profession once again remained unchanged. Patient care and the continuity of physician-patient relationship encouraged establishing and working in private practice; state regulation, financial risk, and administrative effort weighed against it. At both T1 and T2, physicians scored significantly lower for mental health than general population. About 20% of physicians showed a healthy behavior and experience pattern but 40% of them showed the pattern of reduced working motivation. About 20% of participants were at elevated risk for overexertion and for burnout. Physical and mental health as well as the total distribution of patterns did not change significantly during the 2-year observation period. Physicians at higher burnout risk rated tasks related to patient care considerably less positively than those with healthy pattern. Conclusions In order to improve job satisfaction and quality of life, and to make private practice more attractive, those German physicians require a) improved legislation, b) educational programs that promote the attractiveness of private practice, and c) highly accessible counseling services for the prevention and treatment of stress, overexertion, and burnout. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(3):485–498

20

The risk of job burnout among medical workers on the basis of their work-related behaviors

75%

Mroczek B., Wolińska W., Kotwas A., Karpeta-Pawlak I., Kurpas D.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2018

|

issue 1

28-35

Refine search results

Experiences of family physicians after a CME ultrasound course

Lekarze i firmy farmaceutyczne – standardy etyczne wzajemnych relacji w Unii Europejskiej

Etyczne wyzwania współpracy pomiędzy lekarzami a przemysłem farmaceutycznym

A practical guide to cryptorchidism for the primary care physician

Recommendations of Polish Society of Physiotherapy, Polish Society of Family Medicine and College of Family Physicians in Poland for hip joint pain in primary health care

Etyka w pracy przedstawiciela medycznego

Emotional intelligence, attachment styles and medical education

The family doctor in the jurisprudence of medical disciplinary boards. Analysis of select cases

Assessment of the perception of physicians concerning antibiotic use and resistance along with the factors influencing the prescription of antibiotics: a situational analysis from Pakistan

Etyczne standardy relacji pomiędzy lekarzami a firmami farmaceutycznymi w Stanach Zjednoczonych

Emotional Intelligence of Future Physicians Who Tend to Hide Professional Mistakes

Factors affecting the decision to change the family physician

Rola śledztw dziennikarskich w kreowaniu etycznych standardów marketingu farmaceutycznego

Disorder and Civilization: The Future(s) of Ukrainian Medicine

Opinia prawna w sprawie dopuszczalności łączenia stanowiska posła z kierowaniem samodzielnym publicznym zakładem opieki zdrowotnej

Coaching as a method for potentially reducing the risk of burnout in medical professionals

Workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress symptoms among family physicians in Lithuania: An occupation and region specific approach

Lekarze pochodzący spoza państwa zakonnego w Prusach w otoczeniu wielkich mistrzów krzyżackich w XIV i pierwszej połowie XV wieku

Factors for and against establishing and working in private practice correlated with work-related behavior and experience patterns of Ferman physicians in Schleswig-Holstein: A 2-year longitudinal study

The risk of job burnout among medical workers on the basis of their work-related behaviors