The contents of the present paper are considerations concerning specicity of tiles and image (and possibilities of reconstruction) of stoves coming from the 1st half of the 17th century. The author begins with general observations using views of Maria D¹browska, and then comes to, published by the same author, stove of so-called Vasa castle in Warsaw. Next, he concentrates on discussing a stove from a manor-house in Modliszewice near Koñskie. This stove in white-navy blue colouring, was built at suggestion of Jan Lipski (†1641)in the 30’s of the 17th century. Subsequently, the author discusses other similar stoves from the 1st half of the 17th century, relics of which or only collections of tiles were found during archaeological excavations of castles and other residences in: Nowe Miasto on Warta, Lubawa, Ujazd, Piñczów and Brudzew near Turek. Most of these stoves were built as a result of foundation actions of narrowly understood social elite of the Vasa times, concretely late phases of the reign of Sigismund III (†1632) and the rule of Vladislav IV (1632 – 1648). The author submits a proposition that in the times of the rst ruler mostly white – navy blue stoves with green and yellow elements were built, and since the half of the 30’s of the 17th century only stoves with tiles with blue (navy blue) background and white relief. They represent typical of the early Baroque in Poland ornamentation. Probably therefore they should be treated as artifacts created in a circle of widely understood (in respect of time and space) court of Vladislav IV, or dened as “stoves of the Vasa times elite”.
Rezultatem archeologicznych i archeologiczno-architektonicznych badań prowadzonych na terenie klasztoru dominikanów w Krakowie były odkrycia reliktów urządzeń grzewczych. W wyniku prac prowadzonych w latach 2009–2014 w obrębie tzw. budowli romańskiej rozpoznano pozostałości dwóch pieców hypokaustycznych. Analiza obiektów pozwoliła na określenie czasu ich powstania. Urządzenia najprawdopodobniej ogrzewały pomieszczenia klasztorne od drugiej połowy XVI i drugiej połowy XVII w. Jednym z elementów systemu grzewczego były także piece kaflowe. Reliktami tego typu urządzeń są kafle odkrywane w trakcie wielu prac prowadzonych przez o. Adama Studzińskiego, mgr inż. arch. Marię Filipowicz i mgra Teofila Dębowskiego czy dra Dariusza Niemca i dr inż. arch. Annę Bojęś-Białasik. Wynikiem wieloletnich badań jest zbiór zabytków liczący ponad 1020 fragmentów. Analiza stylistyczna i technologiczno-techniczna pozwoliła na stworzenie prawdopodobnych rekonstrukcji pieców. Egzemplarze datowano na XVI–XIX w. W zbiorze zabytków znajdowały się przykłady wielobarwne oraz zielone. Piece kaflowe były bardzo dekoracyjnym elementem wyposażenia wnętrz, które wraz z piecami hypokaustycznymi tworzyły skomplikowany system grzewczy.
EN
Archaeological and archaeological-architectural research conducted in the Dominican Monastery in Cracow revealed relicts of heating devices. The research, conducted in 2009–2014, led to the discovery within the socalled Romanesque building of two hypocaust stoves. An analysis of the finds has made it possible to establish the period when they originated. The devices heated the monastery most likely from the second half of the 16th and the second half of the 17th century. The heating system in the monastery also encompassed tile stoves. Remnants of such devices are tiles discovered by Fr Adam Studziński, Mgr inż. arch. Maria Filipowicz and Mgr Teofil Dębowski or Dr Dariusz Niemiec and Dr inż. arch. Anna Bojęś-Białasik. Their work has produced a collection of over 1020 fragments. An stylistic and technological-technical analysis has made it possible to produce likely reconstructions of the stoves. The items have been dated to the 16th–19th centuries. The collection includes multicolour and green items. Tile stoves were a very attractive element of the interior design and, together with hypocaust stoves, made up a complex heating system.
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