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A longitudinal study on lung disease in dental technicians: What has changed after seven years?

100%
Dogan D. Ö., Berk S., Gumus C., Ozdemir A. K., Akkurt I.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2013
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vol. 26
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issue 5
693-701
EN
Objectives: The aim of this 7-year follow-up study was to determine respiratory changes in dental technicians. Material and Methods: In our region, in the year 2005, 36 dental technicians were evaluated with a cross-sectional study on respiratory occupational diseases, and in 2012 we evaluated them again. Inclusion of information on respiratory symptoms and demographic features questionnaires was applied. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were performed. Chest X-rays (CXR) were evaluated according to the ILO-2000 classification. For the comparisons of the technicians' findings in 2005 and 2012, data analyses were performed with the Wilcoxon test in addition to descriptive statistical procedures. Results: In 2012, 19 out of the 36 technicians continued to work in the same place, so we were able to evaluate their findings. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms in dental technician was as follows: dyspnea 7 (37%), cough 6 (32%), and phlegm 5 (26%). According to ILO classifications in 2005, among the 36 technicians, 5 (13.8%) had pneumoconiosis. At the end of 7 years, there were 9 pneumoconiosis cases among the 19 remaining technicians (47%). Thus, there was a statistically significant progression on the profusion of the radiologic findings (p < 0.005). Also there was a significant worsening on spirometric findings (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In dental technicians, a determination of both radiologic and functional progressions at the end of 7 years demonstrate that the primary and secondary preventive measures are necessary for these workplaces. Workplaces must be regularly controlled for worker health and hygiene.
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Pneumoconiosis and respiratory problems in dental laboratory technicians: Analysis of 893 dental technicians

88%
Ergün D., Ergün R., Özdemir C., Öziş T. N., Yilmaz H., Akkurt İ.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2014
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vol. 27
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issue 5
785-796
EN
Objectives: To explore the rate of pneumoconiosis in dental technicians (DTP) and to evaluate the risk factors. Material and Methods: Data of 893 dental technicians, who were admitted to our hospital in the period January 2007–May 2012, from 170 dental laboratories were retrospectively examined. Demographic data, respiratory symptoms, smoking status, work duration, working fields, exposure to sandblasting, physical examination findings, chest radiographs, pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography results were evaluated. Results: Dental technicians’ pneumoconiosis rate was 10.1% among 893 cases. The disease was more common among males and in those exposed to sandblasting who had 77-fold higher risk of DTP. The highest profusion subcategory was 3/+ (according to the International Labour Organization (ILO) 2011 standards) and the large opacity rate was 13.3%. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, it was the largest DTP case series (N = 893/90) in the literature in English. Health screenings should be performed regularly for the early diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, which is an important occupational disease for dental technicians.
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Lung fibrosis and exposure to wood dusts: Two cases report and review of the literature

63%
Riccò M.
Medycyna Pracy
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2015
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vol. 66
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issue 5
739-747
PL
Wstęp Coraz więcej dowodów wskazuje na częstsze występowanie samoistnego zwłóknienia płuc (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis – IPF) u osób wcześniej narażonych na pyły drewna niż u osób nienarażonych na nie. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia 2 przypadki IPF u pracowników długotrwale eksponowanych na wysokie stężenia pyłu drewna. Opis przypadków Przypadek nr 1: U 83-letniego mężczyzny, byłego palacza i emerytowanego stolarza, w ciągu 6 miesięcy poprzedzających badanie rozwinęły się lekka duszność oraz przewlekły suchy kaszel. Badania czynnościowe płuc wykazały łagodne zaburzenia wentylacji typu restrykcyjnego oraz poważne upośledzenie dyfuzji dwutlenku węgla (CO₂) (57% wartości prognozowanej), natomiast tomografia komputerowa wysokiej rozdzielczości – obustronne podopłucnowe siateczkowate zacienienia u podstawy płuc w postaci obrazu plastra miodu, bez żadnych guzków ani zacienień typu matowej szyby. Przypadek nr 2: Badania czynnościowe płuc 73-letniego mężczyzny, nigdy nie palącego emerytowanego stolarza, z postępującą od 3 lat dusznością, suchym kaszlem oraz łagodną hipoksemią, wykazały umiarkowane zaburzenia wentylacji typu restrykcyjnego oraz poważne upośledzenie dyfuzji CO₂ (54% przewidywanej wartości), natomiast tomografia komputerowa o wysokiej rozdzielczości – rozproszone obwodowe siateczkowate zacienienia oraz obraz plastra miodu w dolnych polach ze szczytowo-podstawnym gradientem. W obu przypadkach zdiagnozowano samoistne zwłóknienie płuc. Omówienie Zwłóknienie płuc jest wspólną cechą kilku chorób i może być wywołane przez procesy zapalne wskutek wdychania organicznych lub nieorganicznych pyłów (np. azbestu, krzemionki). Wiele doniesień, w tym przedstawione w niniejszej pracy, wskazuje na liczne przypadki IPF, w których etiologii narażenie zawodowe na pyły miało charakter drugorzędny. Wnioski Narażenie zawodowe na pyły drewna jest czynnikiem ryzyka występowania IPF. Niestety odtworzenie rzeczywistej ekspozycji zazwyczaj jest trudne, a przeprowadzany wywiad często pomija pozostałe przyczyny powstania zwłóknienia płuc (np. alergiczne zapalenie pęcherzyków płucnych). Med. Pr. 2015;66(5):739–747
EN
Introduction Increasing evidence suggests that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) occurs more often in subjects previously exposed to wood dusts than in non-exposed subjects. Here we report 2 cases of the IPF among workers prolongedly exposed to high levels of hardwood dusts. Case report The case No. 1: An 83 year-old male former smoker, retired joiner developed mild dyspnoea and chronic dry cough over the period preceding the examination. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) identified a mild restrictive pattern and diffusion capacity for carbon dioxide (CO₂) that was severely impaired (57% of predicted value). High resolution computer tomography (HRCT) identified bilateral, subpleural basal reticular opacities in honeycombing, without any nodules or ground-glass opacities. The case No. 2: A 73 year-old male retired joiner, never smoker, presented a 3-year history of progressive breathlessness and non-productive cough in mild hypoxemia. Pulmonary function tests suggested a moderate restrictive pattern in severely impaired diffusion capacity for CO₂ (54% of predicted value). High resolution computer tomography identified diffuse peripheral reticular opacities and honeycombing of lower fields, with apico-basilar gradient. Both cases received diagnosis of the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Discussion The pulmonary fibrosis is a common feature of several diseases and may be induced by inflammatory disorders following inhalation of organic and inorganic dusts (e.g., asbestos, silica), and several reports suggest that many cases of the IPF may be in fact secondary to occupational dust exposure as in the case reports we present here. Conclusions Occupational exposure to wood dusts may be a risk factor for the IPF. Unfortunately, exposure reconstruction is frequently inconsistent and anamnesis often misses other causes of the pulmonary fibrosis (e.g., extrinsic allergic alveolitis). Med Pr 2015;66(5):739–747
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