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PL
Artykuł przedstawia pojęcie dozoru technicznego oraz kwestię jego umiejscowienia w systemie kontroli administracji publicznej. Problematyka ta jest analizowana poprzez pryzmat celu, dla realizacji którego dozór techniczny został ujęty w aktach normatywnych oraz polityki administracyjnej, której przejawem jest dozór techniczny. Autorzy poddali analizie rozwiązania w zakresie dozoru technicznego prezentowane w literaturze nieprawniczej. Przedmiot rozważań stanowią także jednostki dozoru technicznego.
EN
The article presents the concept of technical supervision and the issue of its location in the public administration control system. This problem is analyzed through the prism of two concepts having a well-established meaning in science: control and supervision. The authors analyzed solutions in the field of technical supervision presented in non-legal literature. The subject of considerations are also technical supervision units.
EN
The existence of ”property” as a category under exclusive protection of administrative police is a controversial issue. The position of administrative law doctrine in this respect is non-uniform. That is why the article aims at systematizing the problematic aspect and conducting its final evaluation.
PL
Istnienie kategorii „mienie” jako wyłącznej podlegającej ochronie sprawowanej prze policję administracyjną jest bardzo kontrowersyjne. Stanowisko doktryny prawa administracyjnego w powyższej kwestii jest niejednolite, dlatego też opracowanie poniższe ma na celu usystematyzowanie problematyki oraz dokonanie jej końcowej oceny.
EN
Th Construction Police, as a task (function) of the state, is the public safety department, which ensures the safety and culture for the using of the building objects. Th institutional roots of this department date back to the age of Enlightenment, the doctrinal ones – to early modern period or even earlier and the legislative ones – to the 19th century. Ths Police is connected with the fire and sanitary safety of buildings. Building laws became the part of the code law, then of police ordinances and, finally, the separate building ordinances were issued (in cities at fist). In the German territories, the period after the Thirty Years’ war was of great importance for the development of the legislation and the building policies, together with the development of cameralism (Kameralismus) and political economy (Polizeiwissenschaft). Th 19th century was the era of codification of the building law in the form of nationwide building acts.
PL
Policja budowlana to dział bezpieczeństwa publicznego zapewniający bezpieczeństwo i kulturę użytkowania obiektów budowlanych. Jej korzenie instytucjonalne sięgają epoki Oświecenia, doktrynalne – czasów wczesnonowożytnych lub wcześniejszych, a legislacyjne – XIX w. Łączy się z bezpieczeństwem pożarowym i sanitarnym obiektów budowlanych. Przepisy budowlane stawały się częścią prawa sądowego i ordynacji policyjnych, aż wreszcie wydano – najpierw w miastach – osobne ordynacje budowlane. Na ziemiach niemieckich duże znaczenie dla rozwoju ustawodawstwa i polityki budowlanej miał okres po wojnie trzydziestoletniej, wraz z rozwojem kameralistyki i policystyki. Wiek XIX był natomiast epoką kodyfikacji prawa budowlanego w formie ogólnopaństwowych ustaw budowlanych.
EN
This paper seeks to answer the question: do those who live in the vicinity of alcoholic beverages trade have a legal interest in a trial for the withdrawal of the concession on this business, or only factual interest? Therefore can they be a party of this trial according to art. 28 of the Code of administrative trial, or not? This regulation reads: “a party can be anyone whose legal interest or duty concerns the trial, or who demands that the institution should do something because of their legal interest or duty.” In order to show this problem, the author used an administrative case from the Town Council of Lublin in which the concept “legal interest” was one of the key problems that affected the whole trial. It has been indicated that in the case of the administrative police the meaning of “legal interest” can be broader than in the situation of administrative rationing. The author indicates the influence of various ways to define the scope of the concept of “legal interest” on the withdrawal of the concession of the sale of alcoholic beverages to be drunk at the point of purchase or outside on the basis of art. 18 law 10 point 3 of the law of education for temperance and prevention of alcoholism. This regulation determines that the concession on selling alcoholic beverages is withdrawn in the case of “recurrent at least twice within six months in the place of sale or in its close vicinity, disturbance of public order in relation to the sale of alcoholic beverages because of a given outlet, when this outlet does not inform the organs called to defend the public order”. Taking into consideration the goal of the administrative police the author is of the opinion that private interest in the administrative code in the case for the withdrawal of the concession on the sale of alcoholic beverages destined to be drunk at the point of sale or outside on the basis of art. 18 law 10 point 3 of the above law will also have those persons who live nearby the outlet. Their private interest may result not only and exclusively from the material administrative law, but also from the norms of universal law. Therefore, having indicated private interest or duty, they will be able to take part in this procedure as a party according to art. 28 k.p.a.
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