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Zmiany w postrzeganiu bezpieczeństwa od lat 90. XX w. do 2015 r. Wybrane aspekty

100%
Karwoth-Zielińska D.
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
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2018
|
vol. 23
158-177
EN
The transformation period brought a number of positive changes, but many threats also appeared. These included changes in the labor market, changes in the social structure as well as threats on a global scale. The society’s view on problems related to security and its most important elements also changed. The article presents selected aspects related to the change in the perception of security in the years 1990–2015.
2
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Pokoleniowe uwarunkowania opinii na temat przemian politycznych w Polsce po 1989 roku w świetle danych Polpan 1993-2008

100%
Nyćkowiak J.
Rocznik Lubuski
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2011
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vol. 37
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issue 2
83-98
EN
The main aim of the article is to answer the question: to what extent the experiences of Martial Law and Polish Round Table Agreement differentiate the opinions concerning political transformations in Poland after 1989 among two categories of respondents. The first category are the people born between 1958-1962, and another one comprises respondents born between 1966-1970. They were selected in accordance with the assumption that experiencing key political and economic changes during adolescence would substantially influence formulating judgements about observed constitutional changes and opinions on the current situation in the country. The data used in the article comes from four rounds of testing POLPAN performed in the years 1993, 1998, 2003 an 2008. By analyzing the information about the respondents who took part in all four rounds of the research, it was possible to trace the changes in their opinions on political and economic transformations, as well as the determinants of the changes. Presented results confirm the thesis of the differentiation of the opinion on political changes determining life chances and the possibility to realize ambitions.
3
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To Regulate or to Liberate? Business Development and the Dilemmas of the Authorities Regarding the Shape of Economic Policy in the Years 1989–1995

75%
Kamosiński S.
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
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2017
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vol. 35
113-127
EN
In the history of Poland, it is very clear that the year 1989 is one of the most distinctive turning points - a final break with the political, social, and economic system built in the period of the Polish People’s Republic, and reinstatement of democracy and free market economy upon the will of the nation. The world had never witnessed a transformation process as large as the one that occurred in Poland after the year 1989. Importantly, this transformation could not be programmed. Therefore, economic policy implemented by governments of the time was constantly amended as problems arose. The course of ownership transformation was monitored. It was observed that the so-called Privatization Act of July 13, 1990 lacked regulations concerning environment protection. Freedom to establish truck transport companies resulted with many anomalies, as it enabled, for instance, the use of trucks in poor technical condition. New regulations in insurance law, which lifted mandatory insurance of production assets against damage from natural disasters, meant that many entrepreneurs decided not to have this insurance. Such was the shape of the economic reality in the first years of the transition, between 1989 and 1995. The state did not want to regulate all aspects of economic life. However, as time went by, politicians and MPs received information from the free market, indicating a need for solutions regulating some sectors of the economy. This article discusses the three aspects of economic life mentioned above, and points out how the governmental and parliamentary strategies towards these aspects of economic life changed in the first years of transformation (1989-1995).
4
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Łódź u progu XXI wieku

51%
Jakóbczyk-Gryszkiewicz J.
Studia Miejskie
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2011
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vol. 4
131-138
EN
Lodz is medieval city which owes its rapid growth in the 19th century to the textile industry. The loss of eastern markets at the time of political and economic transformation in the 1990s resulted in a decline of this industry, which forced the city to seek new directions of development. Owing to convenient location in the centre of Poland, cheap and well-qualified labour, land industrial tradition, and a creation of strong academic centre, Lodz is overcoming the crisis, focusing on development new types of services.
PL
Łódź  to miasto średniowieczne, które intensywnie zaczęło się rozwijać dopiero od XIX w. dzięki przemysłowi włókienniczemu. Na skutek odcięcia od wschodnich rynków zbytu w początkach transformacji ustrojowo-gospodarczej w latach dziewięćdziesiątych XX w. nastąpił upadek tego przemysłu, co wymusiło zmiany kierunków rozwoju miasta. Dzięki dogodnemu położeniu w centrum Polski, taniej i wykwalifikowanej sile roboczej, długiej tradycji przemysłowej i stworzeniu silnego ośrodka akademickiego Łódź  dźwiga się z upadku, stawiając na rozwój nowych gałęzi przemysłu oraz silny rozwój usług.
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