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EN
This article presents the notion of translation in the context of localizations of video games. It introduces a theory as well as analysis of chosen video games and studies the process of translation. The author considers the obstacles which can be encountered by translators, as well as methods which are used in the process of localization. The author analyses games from different genres: Ace Ventura (1997, adventure), Baldur’s Gate (1998, RPG) and Warcraft 3: Reign of Chaos (2002, RTS), where the plot (and as a consequence its translation) is very important. The author studies fragments from these games and tries to explain and critique (if necessary) the choices taken by translators.
EN
In 2011 in Vilnius, there was a monograph published concerning the history of Belarusians as a borderland’s nation. The author of this article critically evaluates adopting the borderland’s perspective on the history of Belarus. The author criticizes especially the appropriateness of this perspective when Belarusian lands constituted a part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, as well as the unilateral recognition of the influence of Polish culture on Belarusian culture and its polonization. The author, however, emphasizes the importance and value of the part of the published monograph which concerns the period of the Belarusian land history as a part of the Russian Empire, in which the modem Belarusian national consciousness was being established. Moreover, the author points out the rather political than scientific nature of the undertaken discussion (discourse) in the published Belarusian history textbooks which are dedicated to the importance of the period of World War II in the Belarusian national consciousness.
PL
Podczas I wojny światowej wojska Niemiec i Austro-Węgier zajęły całe terytorium zaboru rosyjskiego dawnej Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów. Pod ich kontrolą znalazły się terytoria całkowicie odmienne pod kątem ludnościowym, kulturowym czy przyrodniczym. Doświadczenie kontaktu z rzeczywistością Królestwa Polskiego, guberni suwalskiej, Białostocczyzny, Litwy, Kurlandii, Białorusi, Polesia i Wołynia w latach 1914–1918 stało się nieodłącznym tematem wspomnień, dzienników, listów, tekstów publicystycznych i naukowych oraz artykułów w prasie żołnierskiej, sporządzanych przez żołnierzy i urzędników administracji okupacyjnej państw centralnych. Poniższy artykuł jest próbą syntetycznego ujęcia obrazu „porosyjskiego Wschodu” w ich oczach. During World War I the German and Austrian troops annexed the whole territory of the Russian partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Thus, they took control over the lands that were totally different as regards population, culture or natural environment. Experiences of the reality of the Kingdom of Poland, Guberniya of Suwałki, Region of Białystok, Lithuania, Courland, Belarus, Polesie and Volhynia in 1914–1918 became inseparable part of memories, journals, letters, journalistic or scholarly texts, and articles in the military press, written by soldiers and officials of the administration of Central Powers. The present article attempts at a synthetic presentation of the “pro-Russian East” seen through their eyes.
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