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Manifestations of post-traumatic stress in military personnel after participating in hostilities in the Russian-Ukrainian war

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Prykhodko I., Matsehora Y., Kryvokon N., Hunbin K., Kovalchuk O., Antusheva N., Filonenko L.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2023
|
issue 4
776-784
EN
Introduction and aim. Since the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war, many Ukrainian military personnel began to show post-traumatic stress (PTS). The purpose of the article is to identify the features of PTS exhibited in different age groups in trauma-exposed military personnel during their participation in the psychological recovery program (“Invincibility Program”). Material and methods. Ukrainian Defense Forces military personnel (n=546 males, between 20 and 60 years of age) participated in this study. All participants were divided into three age groups. Determination of the features of PTS in military personnel was carried out using psychodiagnostic tests. Results. In each age group, more than half of the participants in the “Invincibility Program” had PTS characteristics such as the sub-threshold or clinical manifestations of PTSD, adjustment disorders, low resilience to combat mental trauma, and various sleep disorders combined with somatic complaints. The data showed higher features of PTS in the younger participants and they decreased in both the 2 older sets of participants. Conclusion. The age-related features of the manifestation of PTS in military personnel must be taken into account when developing psychological recovery programs: for younger participants, such events should be carried out longer and more intensively.
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Effects of posttraumatic stress and combat losses on the combatants’ resilience

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Prykhodko I., Kolesnichenko O., Matsehora Y., Aleshchenko V., Kovalchuk O., Matsevko T., Krotiuk V., Kuzina V.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2022
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vol. 66
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issue 2
157-169
EN
Objectives. At the beginning of the War in East-ern Ukraine, military personnel of the Armed Forces, National Guard of Ukraine (NGU), and soldiers of volunteer battalions, who had no combat experience for the first time faced the death of their comrades. This study aims to de-termine the effects of posttraumatic stress and combat losses on the mental health of combat-ants and to develop the typology of their resil-ience to extreme events.Sample and settings.N = 117 NGU male offic-ers (76% of contract military members and 24% of officers) participated in the study. These com-batants were withdrawn from the combat zone in June 2014 due to combat losses and the death of the unit commander.Hypothesis. After participating in hostilities, military personnel developed different types of personality resilience to the effects of traumatic stress.Statistical analyses. The participants’ typification of resilience and adaptation to extreme events was determined by hierarchical cluster analysis. The differences between groups in mean values were determined using Student’s t-test.Results. Four types of personality resilience to combat stressors were identified: “Those who predicted danger” (68.38%), “Those who were open to danger” (21.37%), “Those who identified themself with the role of the vic-tim” (6.83%), and “Those who hid their fear” (3.42%). The results showed that self-identifi-cation of a personality with symptoms of acute stress disorder affects the features of the imple-mentation of the anxiety buffer role. Limitations. The conclusions on the anxiety buffer role for the formation of PTSD require clarification and further studies.
CS
Cíle. Na začátku války na východní Ukrajině vojáci ukrajinské armády (NGU – Národní gar-da Ukrajiny) a vojáci dobrovolnických praporů, kteří neměli bojové zkušenosti, se poprvé setka-li se smrtí svých spolubojovníků. Cílem tohoto výzkumu bylo zjistit dopady posttraumatického stresu a ztrát v boji na mentální zdraví vojáků a vytvořit typologii jejich resilience vůči extrém-ním událostem.Soubor. Výzkumu se zúčastnilo 117 mužů – dů-stojníků NGU (76 % smluvních vojáků a 24 % důstojníků z povolání). Tito vojáci byli staže-ni z bojové zóny v červnu 2014 kvůli ztrátám v boji a smrti velitele jednotky.Hypotéza. Po účasti v bojích si vojáci vyvinuli různé typy osobní resilience vůči dopadům trau-matického stresu.Statistická analýza. Typologizace resilience účastníků výzkumu a adaptace na extrémní události byla určena hierarchickou trsovou ana-lýzou. Získaná data byla popsána základními popisnými statistikami. Rozdíly mezi skupina-mi ve středních hodnotách byly zjištěny Studen-tovým t-testem.Výsledky. Byly vyčleněny čtyři typy resilience osobnosti vůči bojovým stresorům: „Ti, kdo predikovali nebezpečí“ (68,38 %), „Ti, kdo byli otevřeni nebezpečí“ (21,37 %), „Ti, kdo se identifikovali s rolí oběti“ (6,83 %), a „Ti, kdo skryli svůj strach“ (3,42 %). Výsledky ukázaly, že sebeidentifikace osoby se symptomy akutní stresové poruchy ovlivňuje prvky realizace ná-razníkové role úzkosti.Omezení studie. Závěry o nárazníkové roli úz-kosti pro utváření PTSD vyžadují objasnění a další výzkumy.
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