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EN
Traditional architecture is one of the most important segments in the preservation and development of cultural identity. The Lake Skadar region abounds in examples of vernacular building activity that provide the clearest evidence of the creation of settlements and houses as a result of adaptation to natural environment. The study of vernacular architecture on the shores of Lake Skadar is related to the identification and potential evaluation of its local traditional features, as ecological building forms which express the principle of sustainability. Within the framework of research on vernacular architecture of this area, analysis is undertaken with the aim of defining guidelines for revitalizing traditional settlements in this region. In this respect the emphasis of this work is on recognizing the potential and possible directions in revitalization of cultural heritage of traditional settlements in keeping with the principles of sustainable development.
EN
This paper focuses on the issue of activating the local community, including its conditions and manifestations, and putting strong emphasis on the category of community potential, which is a multifaceted and dynamic phenomenon, contributing to changes in various areas of social life. Particular attention was paid to neighbourhood activity and its stimulation, including related initiatives, the importance of which was highlighted, while selected examples of good practices, implemented both within projects, organised campaigns, as well as spontaneous individual actions were brought up.
EN
This paper focuses on the issue of activating the local community, including its conditions and manifestations, and putting strong emphasis on the category of community potential, which is a multifaceted and dynamic phenomenon, contributing to changes in various areas of social life. Particular attention was paid to neighbourhood activity and its stimulation, including related initiatives, the importance of which was highlighted, while selected examples of good practices, implemented both within projects, organised campaigns, as well as spontaneous individual actions were brought up.
EN
The article describes part of the research conducted on a sample of 156 teachers working in 17 primary schools in the Lublin and Wielkopolska Provinces. Among the objectives of the research project was to find about the difficulties being experienced by teachers relating to outdoor education. The problems pointed by the respondents were mostly connected with children’s safety, discipline, weather conditions, poor learning habits outside the classroom, and the lack of approval by head teachers for this form of education. About 50% of the surveyed teachers highlighted that access to high-quality training courses was being hampered, including to outdoor education. The results obtained encourage further and thorough research in this field.
EN
The paper seeks to determine how China’s armed forces try to create a favorable strategic posture with more emphasis on the employment of military forces and means, and provide a solid security guarantee for the country’s peaceful development, in response to the new requirement of safeguarding national security and development interests. Potential, evolution, and trends of basic Services: Army; Air Force; Navy and the most crucial aspects of nuclear potential has been presented. Problems related to the cyber space domain, as the new era of information warfare are discussed by the view of building unique capabilities. PRC openly identifying information assets as a key to winning contemporary wars. Particularly, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), aiming at building modern forces and winning an informationalized war, deepens its reform, dedicates itself to innovation, improves its quality and actively pushes forward the revolution in military affairs. Chinese strategy, operational art and doctrine reflect the desire and need for a holistic approach to national security, utilizing the entirety of national resources. Multidimensional coordination, a PLA principle of warfare, illustrates this holistic approach by stressing that military and nonmilitary entities should work in concert towards common objectives. Multidimensional coordination occurs at and between all levels of war, includes strategic resources and instruments of power and efforts to shape the environment. The paper underlines also shift from joint operations to integrated joint operations. Chinese military experts perceive it as the basic approach in order to meet the requirements of confrontation between war systems in modern warfare. Integrated joint operations are designed to bring the operational strengths of different Services and arms into full play, combine offensive operations with defensive ones, and give priority to the flexible application of strategies and tactics.
EN
Aim/purpose – This paper aims to introduce and describe a new paradigm (model) of evolutionary dynamism of family business potential in the succession process and its empirical simulation in family enterprises from culturally close “post-socialistic” countries: the Czech Republic and Poland. Design/methodology/approach – The conceptual basis for developing the evolutionary model of family business was our research on the sample of 235 small and medium-sized family enterprises from the Czech Republic and Poland. A practical experimental simulation of the model was carried out in 12 Czech and 19 Polish family companies. Findings – The proposed model is based on economic and natural laws, including optimization proportions of the golden ratio, laws of time economics, theory of innovation, and “Moore’s law.” This model allows us to simulate and analyze the pace of accelerating innovation cycles and the dynamism of intergenerational changes of family business potential in the succession process. Research implications/limitations – The social and industrial revolution 5.0 is getting near and global economic, social, cultural, ecological, and other contemporary turbulences, built on the “microcosm optimization” of living matter, having two extreme marginal variants for the subsequent (evolutionary) development of family business: (a) an option of “harmony” or (b) an option of “tragedy.” One limitation of the model is its general nature, making it sensitive to outlier cases. Originality/value/contribution – The proposed model provides valuable analytical guidelines for family business succession and significantly highlights the role of intrafamily dynamics in this process. It also represents a novel analytical approach to assessing and predicting the longevity of family business as well as an opportunity for the development of mixed research in family entrepreneurship.
EN
Financial knowledge is an extremely important element not only of functioning and development, but more importantly of managing financial processes at local government level. Considering the progressing reforms of the national public finance system and the resulting consequences (legal, financial, as well as managerial) for shaping the financial management of the LGU’s, and also globalisation processes and the dynamic development of the financial services’ market, it is natural to require managers of the local government subsector of public finance to have thorough financial knowledge - current and interdisciplinary knowledge that would most importantly be reliable and practice-based. Constant changes of regulations, growing demands in budget management, progressing restrictions as concerns LGUs’ debt-raising capacity require not only current, “static” financial knowledge expected when executing statutory tasks, but also “dynamic” knowledge based on strategic planning, i.e. knowledge based on modern financial instruments.
EN
The theoretical analysis of spiritual potential of family education is carried out in the article. The relevance of the study proved by the growing crisis in the Ukrainian society of the trend of gradual devaluation of the value-semantic of family dominant (mental and spirit). The article presents the basic concepts that reveal the essence of the main elements of the spiritual potential of family education: “spirituality”, “potential”, “family education”, “the spiritual potential of the individual”, “potential of family education”. The components of the spiritual potential of the individual and the educational potential of the family are identified. From the viewpoint of integrative and holistic analysis defined the role of family education, the factors that affect the educational potential of the family. Spiritual potential as a system of senses and life orientations, spiritually-moral values and options, integrates volitional qualities of character and spiritual orientation of the personality. The essential content of the proposed psychological analysis of the studied phenomenon is reduced to the author’s concept, according to which the spiritual potential of family education is determined by the unique mental and spiritual potential of the family, and is a determining condition for the formation of feeling of spiritual integrity and spiritual stability of personality, mortgage of its full development. It is concluded that family education is an important factor in spiritual awakening and development of the child. Spiritual potential of family education reflects the unique soul-spiritual potential of the family, which is a defining condition for the full development of the personality, where each period of spiritual development is the subjective reflection of everything that is happening in the family. In a crisis time spiritual potential of family education should be aimed at promoting positive models of the world, the ontological confidence, spiritual integrity and sustainability.
RU
В статье проанализировано технологическое состояние международных транспортных коридоров и объемы перевозок грузов территорией Украины. Представленная характеристика международных транспортных коридоров описывает восемь коридоров, проходящих по террито-рии Украины. В статье также выявлены проблемы использования транзитного потенциала меж-дународных транспортных коридоров Украины. В то же время рассмотрены перспективы исполь-зования транзитного потенциала международных транспортных коридоров за счет развития логистической инфраструктуры и создания транспортно-логистических центров.
EN
In this article the technological state of international transport corridors and the freight volumes by the territory of Ukraine are analyzed. A presented characteristic of international transport corridors describes eight corridors, which pass through the territory of Ukraine. The article exposes the problems of transit potential usage of the international transport corridors of Ukraine. At the same time the perspectives of transit potential usage of the international transport corridors for account of logistical infrastructure development and creation of transport-logistical centers are considered.
PL
W opracowaniu analizie poddano stan technologiczny międzynarodowych korytarzy transportowych i rozmiary przewozów przez terytorium Ukrainy. Przedstawione charakterystyki międzynarodowych korytarzy transportowych dotyczą ośmiu korytarzy, które przechodzą przez terytorium Ukrainy. W artykule wyeksponowano problemy wykorzystania potencjału tranzytowego międzynarodowych korytarzy transportowych Ukrainy. Jednocześnie rozważaniom poddano perspektywy wykorzystania potencjału tranzytowego międzynarodowych korytarzy transportowych pod kątem rozwoju infrastruktury logistycznej oraz kreacji centrów transportowo-logistycznych.
EN
A city is a cluster of buildings and areas of activity. The spaces between urban structures are often treated as a side effect, an accidental phenomenon present due to the location of buildings. However, in contrast to the buildings that have their functions established once they are erected, urban voids contain the potential for rapid change of use constituting an important element of both planned and unplanned activities. Empty spaces are possibilities for future arrangements and evolution of needs that are often unknown at the time of construction. The main objective of the article is to define the concept of ‘urban void’ and to analyze the hidden potential of it. The author emphasizes the need to create empty spaces as deliberately as architecture itself, including them in the urban tissue.
EN
The article investigates a resource approach in the management of the enterprise, which focuses on those types of resources that enable the company to advance its development in accordance with current trends of development. The tendencies of innovation development of enterprises based on the construction of the econometric model of the distributed lag are investigated. It is determined that the defining condition for improvement of innovation development is the application of modern management concepts based on the principles of knowledge and digital economy. The essence of resource provision of knowledge and digital economy is determined. The advantages that companies will receive in case of optimization of the resource structure using knowledge and digital economy tools are described.
EN
This paper essentially concentrates on a potential of an application of artificial intelligence (AI) to tax law. The main research question is as follows: whether taxpayers, tax authorities and courts may receive a support of AI in their task associated with tax law? The purpose of the article is to take an attempt to answer to that question by the analysis of the origin of AI and law, the present stage of development of AI applications to tax law, and the prospective applications of AI to tax law.
PL
Artykuł koncentruje się przede wszystkim na potencjale zastosowanie sztucznej inteligencji do prawa podatkowego. Główne pytanie badawcze dotyczy możliwości uzyskania wsparcia ze strony sztucznej inteligencji przez podatników, organy podatkowe i sądy w zakresie stosowania prawa podatkowego. Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na to pytanie badawcze poprzez przedstawienie genezy, obecnego stanu oraz potencjału rozwojowego zastosowania sztucznej inteligencji do prawa podatkowego.
PL
The purpose of the article is to emphasise the importance of the concept of empowerment in the process of individual understanding of the category of resources by the students of social rehabilitation, in the context of “creative potentials”, “life orientation”, with confrontation with persons who are marginalised, excluded, under social pressure, by stimulating their defensive abilities, capability to take a risk of stigma management, creating constructive social independence and a new quality of life. The subject of descriptive literature analysis, however, is a reflection on the shape of non-obvious social rehabilitation students’ competence in terms of their professional functioning in the area of inclusion/exclusion. The indicated dimensions of the issue determine a starting point for a pedagogical confrontation with real day-to-day influences in the contemporary academic area as well as in the context of social rehabilitation practice. The conducted analysis indicates the need to elaborate a concept of the subject which would enable future pedagogues to have a look at the “Others”, not only through the prism of their own understanding, but above all in the dialectic perspective of becoming the subject.
EN
The school and its „world of life” has a huge impact on educational achieve-ments. It is the school that can provide a value-oriented learning and upbringing environment in which such values as respect, empathy and trust are promoted. School can also be a model of a democratic community as a school community is formed through, among other things, embracing duties and solving problems shared by all community members. Individual support is a very significant factor in this process.
Path of Science
|
2016
|
vol. 2
|
issue 2(7)
2.30-2.45
RU
В наши дни для обеспечения конкурентной позиции экономики страны на мировых рынках необходимо систематическое инновационное развитие всех сфер хозяйственной деятельности. Поэтому, целесообразно объединить ключевые направления научно-технического и инновационного роста в систему инновационной активности, выделить инновационный потенциал. В статье проанализированы системы различных взглядов на инновации и инновационный потенциал в исследованиях зарубежных и отечественных авторов. Это позволило выявить теоретические подходы к раскрытию природы и сути инновационного потенциала. Рассмотрены тенденции инновационной активности в Украине, выполнен анализ индикаторов инновационного потенциала экономики страны и сделан прогноз перспектив инновационной активности. В конце исследования сформированы выводы по стимулированию инновационного потенциала экономики Украины.
EN
Nowadays, the world’s competitiveness of the national economy depends on systematic innovative development of all branches of economic activity. Therefore, it is advisable to combine all kinds of scientific, technical and innovative growth into the system of innovative activity. It is also important to single out the potential of innovative activity. The article analyzes the systems of different views on innovations and innovative potential, which are represented in research papers of foreign and native authors. Such analysis gives the possibility to identify the theoretical approaches to the nature and essence of innovative potential. The tendencies of innovative activity in Ukraine are considered, the indicators of the potential of innovative activity of the national economy are analyzed. The predictions about the further changes of the innovative activity potential are made. At the end of the research, the conclusions to stimulate the potential of innovative activity of Ukrainian economy are made.
PL
Celem artykułu jest ocena potencjału rozwojowego województwa podkarpackiego na tle innych regionów w kraju ze wskazaniem głównych determinant i barier rozwojowych oraz identyfikacja kluczowych branż gospodarczych regionu. Podstawowe pytanie badawcze brzmi: „Które sektory gospodarki Podkarpacia mogą przyczyniać się do jego przewagi konkurencyjnej nad innymi regionami w kraju?”. W artykule wykorzystano wyniki projektu pt. „Badanie potencjałów i specjalizacji województwa podkarpackiego”, który był realizowany przez autorów artykułu w 2013 roku na zlecenie Urzędu Marszałkowskiego Województwa Podkarpackiego. W badaniach zastosowano szeroki wachlarz metod społecznych (w tym wywiady pogłębione i zogniskowane wywiady grupowe z właścicielami firm, przedstawicielami samorządu i organizacji pozarządowych) oraz statystycznych, które pozwoliły zgromadzić bogaty zbiór materiałów empirycznych. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz stwierdzono, że kluczową rolę w regionie odgrywa potencjał gospodarczy i społeczno-demograficzny.
EN
The purpose of this article is to assess the development potential of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship in relation to other regions of the country (divided into five categories of potential: demographic and social, natural and cultural, economic, spatial and institutional) indicating the main determinants and barriers of development and the identification of the key sectors of the economy of the region. The basic research question is: Which sectors of the economy in Subcarpathian Region may contribute to its competitive advantage over other regions in the country? During the study a broad range of social (including in-depth interviews and focus group interviews with entrepreneurships, representatives of local government and non-governmental organizations) and statistical methods were used, which allowed to accumulate a vast collection of empirical materials. Based on the research, it was found that the economic and socio-demographic potential plays the key role in the region.
EN
The article contains the results of research of self-attitude as a factor of self-realization of professional-creative potential of future practical psychologists. The essence of the concept of “self-attitude” is revealed, the structure of the phenomenon is analyzed, thepsychologicalcharacteristicsofstudents’ self-attitude of V and VI courses, speciality “Practical Psychology” are given. The research was aimed at studying the psychological characteristics of self-attitude of future psychologists who study at the V and VI courses at Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. Makarenko, specialty “Practical Psychology”. The experiment was attended by 30 students (15 students of the V course and 15 students of the VI course); 4 of them were boys and 26 were girls. In the study of self-attitude was applied the method of V. Stolin and questionnaire of personal orientation of E. Shostroma. The results of the study indicate that for graduating students of specialty “Practical Psychology” are habitual the high rates of self-acceptance, self-confidence, self-interest; expectation of positive attitude and ability to other close contacts. The low estrates of self-attitude were observed on indicator panel of “self-management”, “self-understanding”, and a large percentage of students of the V, VI courses have low level of self-esteem. Also in low level of development are such features as self-attitude, empathetic and reactive sensitivity, integrity and knowledge of human nature. The study allows to draw the conclusion that with a fairly developed properties of self-attitude of graduate students of specialty “PracticalPsychology”, some of its features require a higher level of development that can be achieved with special psycho-developing work during their university studies. This process will contribute to the special construction of educational process (application of active methods: trainings, business games, etc.), as well as the effective operation of university psychological services provided to increase the number of its employees. The prospects of further researches we see in the deep analysis of structure of self-understanding and self-attitude, and also in research of self-interest as a motivational component of self-understanding.
PL
Literatura specjalistyczna w sposób jednoznaczny wskazuje na występowanie wielu czynników mających znaczenie w rozwoju regionów, zarówno ze sfery ekonomicznej, jak i pozaekonomicznej. Celem artykułu jest przegląd prac źródłowych dotyczących rozwoju i atrakcyjności regionu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem prac na temat kapitału społecznego, który jest jedną z ważniejszych determinant, mających wpływ na rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy danego obszaru w różnych układach przestrzennych. W niniejszej analizie dokonano próby ukazania wpływu człowieka na potencjał i rozwój województwa małopolskiego. Autorka zadała sobie pytanie, czy ten rodzaj kapitału jest i może być w przyszłości czynnikiem, który pobudza rozwój społeczno-ekonomiczny regionu. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, iż potencjałem województwa małopolskiego są młodzi ludzie. Województwo to od kilku lat jest w czołówce województw pod względem liczby studentów przypadającej na 10 tys. osób w wieku 19–24 lat. Wskaźnik aktywności zawodowej osób młodych (15 i więcej lat) w 2010 r. wynosił 54,7%, a w 2015 – 55,5%1. Przeprowadzone badania dowiodły, że kapitał społeczny łączy się z aspektami gospodarczymi, a także z aspektami niezwiązanymi w sposób bezpośredni z gospodarką w regionie.
EN
Social capital is one of the most important determinants that have an impact on the socio-economic development of a given region in various spatial systems. Specialist literature clearly indicates the presence of various crucial factors in the development of regions. We include both the economic and non-economic spheres. The purpose of the article is to review the source work, including development and the attractiveness of the region, with particular emphasis on social capital. This analysis attempts to show the human impact on the potential and development of the Małopolskie voivodeship. The author asked herself if this kind of capital is and may in the future be a factor that stimulates the socio-economic development of the region. The analysis shows that the potential of Małopolska is young people. For several years this area has been one of the top voivodeships, taking into account the number of students per 10,000 people aged 19–24. Activity rate of young people (15 and older): in 2010 it amounted to 54.7%, and in 2015 to 55.5%1. The conducted research proved that social capital is connected with economic aspects, but also not directly related to economy in the region.
EN
In this paper the author presents the community art as an example of practices that can be perceived as the element of both cultural as well as civic education. While stressing the pragmatic approaches and practice-oriented methods of teaching and learning in the Netherlands, the author presents shortly the formal premises of both types of education. Then the practice of community art has been described and analysed. The description is based on ethnographic study conducted in one of the Dutch cities. This piece of research is pertained to the street theatre and pantomimic visual art. In her analyses, the author highlights the potential of community art to rising both the civic and cultural awareness of community art participants. The paper also aims to show that community art fulfills not only the educational but also political role in the Netherlands being perceived as rightful partner of professional arts.
PL
Siła Polski i jej znaczenie w regionie odgrywa ważną rolę w budowaniu wizerunku i międzynarodowej pozycji kraju. To dobry punkt wyjścia do prowadzenia aktywnej polityki, która daje Polsce możliwość działania w imieniu lub w obronie mniejszych sąsiadów. To oczywiście może zwiększyć znaczenie Polski i potencjalnie otwiera nowe możliwości polityczne dla przyczyniania się do realizacji własnych interesów i celów geostrategicznych. Warto zatem przeanalizować role, jakie Polska odgrywa w swoim regionie i znaleźć odpowiedź na pytanie, jak ewoluowała jej pozycja i w jakim stopniu role regionalne wpływają na pozycję międzynarodową i siłę państwa w Unii Europejskiej. Artykuł argumentuje, że współpraca w ramach organizacji regionalnych nie jest przez Polskę efektywnie wykorzystywana, a jej rola jest poniżej jej własnych możliwości i ambicji narodu. Niemniej jednak nadal istnieje potencjał do wzmocnienia pozycji państwa, a tym samym pozytywnego wpływania na jego rolę międzynarodową w Unii Europejskiej i poza nią.
EN
Poland’s power plays an important role in building the image and international position of the country in the region. It is a good starting point to conduct a proactive policy, which gives Poland the opportunity to act on behalf or in defence of smaller regional neighbours. This, of course, can increase Poland’s own significance and potentially opens new political opportunities to contribute to the realization of its own geostrategic interests and goals; in this sense, broadening its influence. It is therefore worth analysing the roles that Poland plays within its region and find the answer to the question of how its position evolves, and to what extent regional roles have an impact on the international position and strength of the state in the European Union. The paper argues that Poland does not effectively exploit cooperation in regional organizations. Thus, its role remains below its own capabilities and it is inferior to the nation’s ambitions. Nevertheless, there is still potential to strengthen the state’s position and its international role in the European Union and beyond.
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