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The  role of collective bargaining in Czech labour law

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EN
Czech collective employment law remains to be quite far from the Western European tradition. Once rich and flourishing, the CZech collective employment law world had been profoundly changed during the Nazi and mainly Communist Era, where the role assigned to collective agreements was diminished to a soft plan implementing directives of the State. After our return to democracy, it is obvious that we had to adopt not only new democratic regulations but also to re-build informal structures Because of suppressed role of trade unions, poor level of social dialogue and a number of statutory regulations, Czech collective agreements are sursed to play only a secondary role even in the near future.
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The Lawyer Quarterly
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2017
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vol. 7
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issue 3
173-179
EN
Once rich and flourishing Czech collective labour law world has been profoundly changed during Nazi and mainly Communistic Ara, where the role assigned to collective agreements was diminished to a soft plan implementing directives of the state. After our return to democracy, it is obvious that we have to adopt not only regulations but also to re-build informal structures. The principle of favour has been allowed in Czech labour law only to a limited extent not mainly owing to a constant wave of legal reforms and statutes amendments but because it takes too much time to re-shape scholars, justices and legal practitioners educated in different legal cultures to think creatively.
EN
This paper deals with medical examination of employeeʼs ability to work. Although from a legislative-technical point of view, this regulation is considered to be successful, in practice it causes major problems in the area of assessment care, which is evidenced in particular by case law. Referencing to practice, we can state that the idea of the occupational health services provider as professional assistant of the employer in providing for the protection of employees' occupational health has not taken hold at all. Employers justifiably ask why they should pay for a medical report giving them no legal certainty.
CS
Ač je úprava posuzování způsobilosti k výkonu práce z legislativně-technického hlediska považována ministerstvem zdravotnictví za zdařilou, v praxi působí velké problémy právě v oblasti posudkové péče, což dokládají zkušenosti a v menším rozsahu též judikatura. S odkazem na praxi lze konstatovat, že se vůbec neujala představa poskytovatele pracovnělékařských služeb jako odborné pomoci zaměstnavateli při zajištění ochrany zdraví zaměstnanců při práci. Zaměstnavatelé se oprávněně ptají, proč mají platit za lékařský posudek, který jim nedává žádnou právní jistotu. Zaměstnavatelé naopak chtějí platit za služby, které jim dávají solidní podklad pro další postup vůči zaměstnanci. Z analyzovaných předpisů je patrné, že problematika posuzování zdravotního stavu a lékařských posudků zůstává však v některých aspektech dosud mezerovitá, a to jak z hlediska povahy lékařského posudku, tak z hlediska akceptace nedostatku pracovních kapacit poskytovatelů pracovnělékařských služeb.
EN
In the context of European social and legal culture, the legislature, through family policy, including the legislative measures of the labor legislature, creates conditions for employees - women and men taking care of children and other dependents - not to be subject to economic and social instability. The study analyzes the minimum standards of Directive 2019/1158 on work-life balance for parents and carers and examines the degree of compliance of the required measures with the legislation of the Slovak Republic. We also identify the challenges the country faces in transposing the Directive, including the requirement to introduce a paternity leave institute and the possibility of addressing its financial coverage.
EN
The article focuses on changing trends in the dependent work is legislated, especially on the increased demand for home working during the COVID-19 pandemic. The author points out the shortcomings of the current legislation (organization of work, safety and health at work, liability, compensation for the use of the employee’s own resources, etc.) and adds considerations about possible future directions. In this context, the author also considers other necessary changes in the legal regulation of labour relations and social security, which will bring the current legal regulation closer to the reality of the 21st century.
CS
Jednadvacáté století bude, alespoň to tak prozatím vypadá, stoletím moderních technologií. Moderní technologie prostupují společností a v řadě případů modifikují, nebo umožňují a urychlují modifikaci některých ustálených schémat lidských činností, včetně způsobu výkonu práce. Spolu s tím se z různých důvodů mění některá další základní společenská paradigmata, například formy partnerského soužití. Právní řád na tyto změny ve výchozích momentech uspořádání společnosti reaguje v řadě případů příliš pomalu. Předložený text poukazuje na některé z těchto problematických momentů a naznačuje směry možného řešení.
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